商业化金融与合作性金融的并存发展--农村金融市场现状和发展

近年来，经济全球化对中国经济改革和金融改革提出了严峻挑战。根据中国政府加入世贸组织的承诺，2006年中国农业和金融业要进一步放开。中国要参与国际竞争，作为薄弱环节的农业和农村金融问题显得日益突出。     

The Cash Flow Sensitivity of Cash

We model a firm's demand for liquidity to develop a new test of the effect of financial constraints on corporate policies. The effect of financial constraints is captured by the firm's propensity to save cash out of cash flows (the cash flow sensitivity of cash). We hypothesize that constrained firms should have a positive cash flow sensitivity of cash, while unconstrained firms' cash savings should not be systematically related to cash flows. We empirically estimate the cash flow sensitivity of cash using a large sample of manufacturing firms over the 1971 to 2000 period and find robust support for our theory.     

Cash Flow Accounting and Liquidity: Cash Flow Potential and Wealth

The persistence of a minority interest in ‘cash flow accounting’ alongside the dominant financial reporting pattern that gives cash flow statements a distinctly secondary role in the line-up of flow statements suggests that something is missing from the analyses of the interested parties. The major theme of this paper is that users rely on historical cash flow reporting for information relevant to projecting enterprise liquidity in the short run, and on financial statements based on accrual-deferral accounting for information relevant to their interest in wealth and income. An explicit distinction between the two accounting objectives (providing information for use in assessing future enterprise liquidity and providing information for use in assessing enterprise wealth and income and performance against investors' augmentation-of-wealth objective) is recommended as a basis for clarifying the issues. That distinction suggests the value of two quite different, but related, sets of data: historical cash flows and stocks and flows of cash potentials.     

过程控制导向的企业合同内部控制系统研究

企业正处于内部管理需求与外部监管要求寻求平衡的双轨制运行阶段,合同内部控制系统的构建成为企业有效地控制合同风险的手段。五部委颁布了《企业内部控制应用指引第16号—合同管理》以指导企业提升经营管理水平,在实践检验中,企业面对合同内部控制制度的变迁,本文提出以《合同法》等为法律背景,以过程控制为导向建立企业合同内部控制系统;并结合金融危机中外贸公司的实践案例,探讨评价其合同控制过程的控制手段、主要载体以及内生条件等,以期帮助企业寻找合同内部控制制度的变迁路径,有效的进行风险管理。     

Form, function, and finance: architecture and finance theory

At least at first glance, a bank’s customers ought to be concerned with only one thing—the price they must pay for the services they receive. Architecture beyond the merely functional ought to have no role, especially not in the modern global economy in which increasingly automated financial intermediation of all sorts appears to be approaching the ideals of pure competition and perfect efficiency. Even in these financially sophisticated times, however, symbols matter, and the message communicated by these symbols is one which cannot be communicated in any other way. It is necessary for a financial institution, and perhaps even the financial system itself, to have a strong visual presence. There is a visceral appeal of an architecturally distinguished building to the senses that speaks to us in a way that the cerebral appeal of pure information cannot.     

Cash and Corporate Control

The takeover market is often suggested as appropriate for containing the agency problems of excessive corporate cash holdings. However, recent studies report contradictory evidence. I focus on the takeover‐deterrence effects of corporate liquidity and suggest the proxy contest as an effective alternative control mechanism. I find that proxy fight targets hold 23% more cash than comparable firms, and that the probability of a contest is significantly increasing in excess cash holdings. Proxy fight announcement return also is positively related to excess cash. Following a contest, executive turnover and special cash distributions to shareholders increase, while cash holdings significantly decline.     

邹志英:“三四四”法则

自2008年金融危机以后,国内外许多知名企业难逃破产厄运,著名的有美国第四大投资银行雷曼兄弟公司、全美第一大汽车制造商通用汽车公司、美国第三大汽车公司克莱斯勒等等,分析其破产原因,竟惊人的相似:资金链断裂。     

"重整"现金管理

在银行—企业系统应用中,现金管理业务已经发生很大改变,在这个背景下,企业如能尽早地对现金管理业务发展趋势做一个整体考察和分析,将会占据竞争的有利位置。     

关键词：现金为王

企业决策要重点考虑“尽量提前收回现金”,切忌以牺牲长期现金流量来改善短期利润状况,避免出现“良好的经营成果与忧心的财务困难并存”的尴尬局面。     

自由现金流、现金股利与中国上市公司过度投资

处于经理人控制之下的自由现金流有可能被投入到损害公司价值的非盈利项目上，从而导致过度投资。股利代理成本理论认为，较高的股利支付水平可以迫使经理人“吐出”自由现金流，从而降低企业自由现金流代理成本。但本文实证研究表明，中国上市公司过度投资程度与现金股利支付水平无关。其原因在于，上市公司股利政策受到监管层政策驱动因素的影响，造成股利政策扭曲，并被“异化”为大股东“利益输送”的一种手段。     

Cash Flow and the Eurotunnel

The Channel Tunnel, a major international investment project funded approximately 80% by debt and 20% by equity, is expected to be completed by 1993. The Eurotunnel Offer for Sale document (published in November 1987) contained financial projections based on traditional accruals-based principles. This paper converts the published information to a cash flow-based format and critically assesses the depreciation, taxation, dividend and financing policy implications. The relevance of depreciation policy in cases of projects with finite lives is discussed, and the paper concludes that information prepared on cash flow-based principles provides an alternative and more useful perspective of the Eurotunnel operations.     

Cash Holdings and Corporate Diversification

This paper studies the relation between corporate liquidity and diversification. The key finding is that multidivision firms hold significantly less cash than stand‐alone firms because they are diversified in their investment opportunities. Lower cross‐divisional correlations in investment opportunity and higher correlations between investment opportunity and cash flow correspond to lower cash holdings, even after controlling for cash flow volatility. The effects are strongest in financially constrained firms and in well‐governed firms, and correspond to efficient fund transfers from low‐ to high‐productivity divisions. Taken together, these results bring forth an efficient link between diversification and corporate liquidity.     

论农业政策性金融与商业金融的优势互补

本文通过对农业政策性金融与商业金融在服务对象的整体性、资金配置的相近性、配置机制的合理性方面论述了两类金融优势互补的必要性和可行性。     

Corporate Cash Holdings and Acquisitions

We find that acquirers’ announcement returns decline with their cash holdings, but only when at least part of the payment is in the form of stock. We further find evidence that acquirers that use stock payment are overvalued, especially when they have excess cash that they could have used instead. Collectively, our results suggest that investors interpret announcements of stock acquisitions as a signal that the acquirers’ equity is overvalued and that high cash holdings intensify this signal. However, our results are inconsistent with the common belief that cash holdings induce value‐destroying acquisitions.     

江龙控股危机调研

在中国资本市场,江龙控股是一个江湖传说：从创建到成为行业龙头企业,拥有“中国印染第一股”,用了四年多时间;然而,从风光无限到轰然倒塌,却只用了短短一年。     

资金存量之过

由于担心欧元区崩溃、石油价格上涨和其他的潜在威胁,世界各地的公司都紧握高额现金。只要政府不决定对它们蓄意征税,那么巨额的现金储备会刺激全球经济的复苏。手握巨额现金的公司,必须开始担忧了。一方面政府和家庭对资金流动性越来越感到压力,另一方面英国和其他国家的大公司应该觉得相当的宽裕。汤姆森.路透的数据显示,英国FTSE100公司所拥有的现金和短期投资总计达1300亿英镑。     

Cash Flow Matching

Abstract

We propose a scenario-based optimization framework for solving the cash flow matching problem where the time horizon of the liabilities is longer than the maturities of available bonds and the interest rates are uncertain. Standard interest rate models can be used for scenario generation within this framework. The optimal portfolio is found by minimizing the cost at a specific level of shortfall risk measured by the conditional tail expectation (CTE), also known as conditional valueat-risk (CVaR) or Tail-VaR. The resulting optimization problem is still a linear program (LP) as in the classical cash flow matching approach. This framework can be employed in situations when the classical cash flow matching technique is not applicable.