工程项目T、Q、C决策优化方法研究

工期(T)、质量(Q)和成本(C)是项目建设中,决策者最为关注的三个目标,它们在不同的工程项目中表现出不同的决策要求.本文研究了T、Q、C三者发生不同变化时的决策情形,并给出了相应的决策优化思路和方法,为项目决策人提供了一定的决策参考依据.     

基于工程项目T、Q、C多目标综合优化的评价

工期（T）、质量（Q）、成本（C）是项目建设中决策者最为关注的三个目标，它们在不同的工程项目中表现出不同的决策要求。因此文章首先运用相应的优化模型，再结合实例运用敏感性分析的方法对各指标及模型进行评价，最后得到工期的优化模型最优。     

基于价值链理论的工程项目目标优化研究

近年来工程建设项目的实施对周边环境影响备受关注,环境目标也成为工程项目管理的重要研究目标。本文围绕工程项目工期、成本、质量和环境等目标因素为研究内容,基于价值链理论运用工作分解法,对价值链基本活动最终分解为n项单项工作T、C、Q、E的优化问题。借助效用理论及多属性效用函数建立工程项目价值链量化分析模型,采用粒子群优化算法得到最佳的决策方案,即工期-成本-质量-环境的综合优化目标,从而达到项目工期短、造价合理、质量优良、环境影响小的效果,实现最佳的经济效益和社会效益。     

中型电机转轴热校直工艺研究

对于不同材质的轴(材质系数F)、不同的弯曲度(T)、不同的直径(D)以及不同的弯曲点所在截面中心到弯轴端面中心的距离(L),需要在J点加热后,C点的T2(加热J点后,C点的位移)值均不一样。文章对中型电机转轴热校直工艺进行了研究。     

高速公路PPP项目最优资本结构融资方案决策及应用

构建满足PPP项目中政府、社会资本、放贷人三方不同利益需求的资本结构体系,提出不同融资方案下基于模糊层次分析法(FAHP)/熵权理论的最优资本结构决策方法。用线性比例变换法将各融资方案的财务决策指标标准化,得到融资决策标准矩阵,再计算各财务决策指标的熵权值,集成FAHP/熵权得到各融资方案的综合决策指数,根据综合决策指数的大小,确定融资方案的优劣顺序。通过对实际高速公路PPP项目案例进行融资决策分析,结果表明:该决策方法确定的最优资本结构融资方案符合实际状况,可以帮助社会资本和政府作出快速有效的决策。     

Q960E、Q690qENH异种钢MAG焊接工艺及接头组织性能研究

高强度钢和耐候钢,因为它们都具备的强烈、高韧度和良好耐久在工程上被广泛应用,同时与异种钢材焊接还可以实现各种材质的特性优势,满足不同的使用需求。本论文中选择了MAG焊方法,选择在带钝边的单面V型斜坡处,对使用ER91T1-G及XY-ER80QNH的二种焊丝分别设定了四队工艺参数,并获得了多组Q960E/Q690qENH的异种钢焊头。本论文的研究能够为发展Q960E/Q690qENH等异种钢的焊接技术提供实验基础。     

2009年中级会计资格《财务管理》考点详解(下)

(六)第六章营运资金出题点一:现金的相关成本及最佳现金持有量的确定(侧重掌握客观题)。一是现金的成本,如表10所示。二是最佳现金持有量——存货模式:(1)考虑的成本:"机会成本和固定转换成本",(2)决策依据":机会成本+固定转换成本"两者之和最低Q,或"机会成本=固定转换成本"时Q,(3)公式:相关总成本=机会成本+固定转换成本(通用公式),TC=(Q/2)×K+(T/Q)×F,Q=姨2×T×F/K(最佳现金持有量),TC=     

管理期权及其在投资决策中的应用

本文从传统投资决策折现现金流方法(DCF)的固有缺陷入手,对管理期权的概念、价值、类型进行了分析,探讨了管理期权在项目决策中的具体应用,并指出管理期权与传统的DCF法在项目投资决策中可能得出不同的结论,从而拓展了企业项目投资决策的方法。     

投资项目决策的Excel模型:以TCL为例

本文基于TCL通讯设备(惠州)有限公司的实例,以Excel为工具,分别就固定资产更新投资决策模型、单一投资项目可行性分析模型和多个投资项目决策的比较模型进行了设计。实例表明,这些模型易学、简单、实用,可为现代中小企业投资项目决策提供参考。     

管理决策讲话

决策方案的比较和选择 1,选择决策方案的方法 决策方案拟定出来,又有选择了标准,接着就是如何从这些方案中选择出我们所需方案的问题。通常使用的方法有: (1)经验判断法; (2)数学分析法; (3)试验法。 这三个方法各有优缺点,应该根据不同的情况灵活应用。     

基于熵权分析的大型公共工程项目决策

文章分析了影响大型公共工程项目决策的各种因素,建立了用熵权的方法对诸因素进行综合评判的数学模型,给出了应用步骤,并通过实例分析,得出了影响大型公共工程项目最主要的因素可分为3个层次的结论。     

Supporting decision-making for recycling-based investments

The increasing demand for environmentally friendly products and the introduction of tougher environmental laws have encouraged firms to consider the adoption of recycling issues as one of the most effective solutions for reducing their impact on the environment. Unfortunately, many companies delegate decision-making on recycling issues at an operational level. This attitude presents some problems as it could lead companies to neglect many effects resulting from the adoption of recycling-based investments. The objective of this paper is to suggest a conceptual model aimed at supporting managers in the integration of recycling issues into the overall process of strategy formation; in particular, the designed approach is divided into two main phases: the identification of the main recycling-based programmes and the definition of a framework, based on both physical and accounting measures, aimed at assessing the effectiveness of different recycling initiatives according to the main priorities of the decision-maker.     

Sequential decisions under uncertainty and the maximum theorem

For sequential decision problems in which the decision-maker observes a process of state variables and chooses an adapted process of action variables, the paper defines a topology on the space of measures of processes of state variables which ensures the applicability of Berge's maximum theorem to the decision-maker's optimal behavior. The topology controls for the information available to the decision-maker at each decision date. The paper also discusses the implications of the analysis for the dynamic-programming approach to sequential decision-making under uncertainty, and for equilibrium existence proof strategies in sequential-market models and games.     

浅析青海钻井公司投资效率

为掌握青海钻井十五期间投资情况及执行效果,本文对重组后钻井公司的投资及生产经营情况进行了简要分析,旨在为"十二五"时期投资决策提供可咨借鉴的依据。     

工程项目投资风险评价模型研究

在项目决策前期对项目了解很少的情况下，一般对项目给出一个基本的风险综合评价数值，作为决策的依据。在建立工程项目投资风险评价指标体系的基础上，提出了将人工神经网络应用于工程项目投资风险评价中的综合评价方法，建立了人工神经网络模型，较好的解决了以往的评价方法中存在的人为确定权重的不足。最后进行了实证分析，在此基础上进行了敏感性分析，得到了比较好的评价结果。     

Allocation of public funds to R&;D: a portfolio choice-styled decision model and a biotechnology case study

A decision problem—allocating public research and development (R&D) funding—is faced by a planner who has ambiguous knowledge of welfare effects of the various research areas. We model this as a reverse portfolio choice problem faced by a Bayesian decision-maker. Two elements of the planner’s inferential system are developed: a conditional distribution of welfare ‘returns’ on an allocation, given stated preferences of citizens for the different areas, and a minimum risk criterion for re-allocating these funds, given the performance of a status quo level of funding. A case study of Canadian public research funds expended on various applications of agricultural biotechnology is provided. The decision-making methodology can accommodate a variety of collective expenditure and resource allocation problems.     

城市发展战略规划中情景分析方法的运用——以临汾市分例

通过临汾城市发展战略规划的实践,提出将情景分析引入战略规划的思路,对具体步骤做了系统阐述,并将其应用于临汾城市空间发展战略规划之中。在分析现状和识别关键影响因素的基础上,设定城市未来发展的情景,对最有可能出现的情景进行分析与评价,并最终确定城市发展战略,从而有效地解决城市发展中的不确定性问题和人的能动性问题,为决策者提供科学合理的参考。     

Group decision-making: Head-count versus intensity of preference

This paper puts forth a framework for reshaping the group decision-making process. The proposed framework extends from the usual one-issue-at-a-time decision-making to one that involves several related issues simultaneously. Weaknesses of the traditional majority voting mechanism are first identified, and then a different voting method that takes each individual voter's sentiment into account is discussed. Specifically, a decision-maker is asked to express his/her intensity of preference for the issues encountered. Three hierarchical structures—benefits, costs, and risks—are developed to evaluate the alternatives. Due to the nature of pairwise comparisons and synthesis, the proposed method is amenable to consensus building and has higher reliability and consistency. It can be used for candidate selection, e.g. governmental election, when a large population is involved. It is also effective for resource allocation and prioritization when a small group or business is concerned. We believe the proposed approach has potential for resolving deficiencies of the conventional voting mechanism, and can be applied to many real-world problems. Its implementation on the Internet is also discussed.