托盘标准发展现状与策略

托盘是物流系统中极为重要的基本集装单元和搬运器具。托盘标准化对于规范和控制物流过程，建立高效率物流系统，降低全社会物流成本，增加社会经济效益具有十分重要的意义。本文通过对国内外托盘标准的调研，剖析了我国托盘标准化基础薄弱的环节，提出了我国托盘标准化发展的策略和建议。     

托盘共用系统即将启动

2006年。国内托盘制造企业逐步向规模化发展，并开始重视新技术、新材料、新工艺的开发和利用，国外大中型托盘制造企业加紧了在中国建厂和战略布局的脚步，其中包括一些国际知名的托盘共用系统公司和托盘租赁公司。与此同时，由中国物流与采购联合会托盘专业委员会牵头推动的中国托盘共用系统启动了前期筹备工作，预计于2007年上半年开始实质性业务操作。     

物流托盘共用系统分类综述

托盘共用系统是指负责托盘租赁、回收、维护与更新的社会服务系统。目前为止,托盘共用系统发展成为了四种类型,文章对四类托盘共用系统分类进行了系统分析和总结。     

基于RFID技术和大数据的托盘共用管理系统

介绍了我国托盘及托盘共用系统的应用现状和大数据的背景,提出了基于RFID技术和大数据环境下的托盘共用系统,托盘租赁公司、发货方、收货方可以通过托盘共用信息服务平台实时监控托盘和货物轨迹;为了保证托盘共用的正常运行,系统还包括托盘可续用全自动检测功能;托盘信息服务平台保存有大量由RFID发送的托盘和货物的数据,可用大数据技术解决各服务网点储备托盘数量等问题。     

建立托盘共用系统——提高物流作业效率的关键

托盘是一种非常重要的装卸、储存与运输工具，经常与叉车配套使用，在现代物流作业中发挥着不可缺少的作用。因此，托盘拥有数量已成为衡量一国物流现代化水平的标志之一。在发达国家，托盘已经推广普及到工厂、仓库、车站、码头等生产或流通场所，在物流的各个环节广泛采用，极大地提高了物流作业的效率。而我国无论在托盘数量上还是利用水平上都与发达国家存在较大的差距。 ７月４日，由日本、韩国、中国台湾组织的以推广Ｔ１１托盘的使用、建立亚太地区托盘共用系统为主要目的的ＳＴＡＰ １１活动高层研讨会在京召开。在前两次ＳＴＡＰ …     

托盘共享模式推广的困境与对策研究

托盘共享模式是典型的第三方物流产业模式的创新,对推广标准化托盘带板运输模式有着重大意义。文章从政策背景与意义出发,详细介绍了托盘共享模式的发展背景与类型,从托盘共享模式发展中存在的问题入手提出了托盘共享模式的发展对策。     

创新使托盘市场更生动——访宁波昌祺塑料有限公司总经理吴海鸣

托盘作为物流单元化的载体，已在仓储、运输业中得到广泛使用。20世纪80年代以前几乎是木质托盘一统天下。从80年代后期至90年代初期，在木质托盘的基础上又出现了其他材质的托盘，如金属、塑料甚至是纸浆模压托盘等。托盘的材质变革从未停止。     

《联运通用平托盘主要尺寸及公差》标准实施与托盘租赁业发展关系研究

本文通过对GB/T2934-2007《联运通用平托盘主要尺寸及公差》的介绍,论述了该标准发布实施对托盘标准尺寸确定的作用,以及为托盘租赁业发展创造了必备条件和广阔发展前景。     

制造托盘所用木材的质量准则

托盘是搬运集装栽荷物料的主要工具，ＩＳＯ为保证托盘的质量和防止带有病虫害的木材制造的托盘在世界各地流通特制定本准则。准则介绍了木材的一些缺陷和特征，以及这些缺陷对托盘的物理特性和机械特性产生的影响，此外本文还就托盘木材的含水率、密度、锯制表面光洁度、强度和刚度以及握钉力的要求和测试方法作了说明。     

关于铁路托盘运营管理问题的研究

针对目前我国托盘运用现状，阐述了铁路托盘搬运中的优点及问题，并对铁路托盘经营模式进行了分析，最后给出了组建铁路托盘经营机构的建议。     

Anatomy of an instrument tray from central sterile supply to the operating room

One can understand the importance of quality control measures to ensure that instrument trays meet specific standards on a consistent basis. The essence of the role of the quality control supervisor of CSS is to support the surgical services provided in the OR. Since technology is constantly changing, it is paramount that the quality control supervisor keep abreast of new knowledge and improve services to meet the needs of the OR.     

Central sterile supply productivity and time study analysis

As a result of the productivity study in both areas, the following objectives can be attained: Ascertain the number of FTEs necessary for staffing requirements. Determine the efficiency level in daily production of trays and sets. Develop standards to measure the overall effectiveness in delivering service. Although this represents a quantitative analysis of the productivity within a CSS department, it is important not to forget the human element in the relationship between CSS and OR employees.     

The Theory of Socially Embedded Games: The Mathematics of Social Relationships,Rule Complexes,and Action Modalities

In their classic work, Von Neumann and Morgensterndefined a game as simply the totality of the rules which describe it. Theydid not, however, elaborate a theory of rules. Such considerations lead toconceptualizing rules and rule configurations as mathematical objects, specifyingthe principles for combining rules, developing the theory of revising,replacing, and, in general transforming rules and rule complexes. Themathematics is based on contemporary developments at the interface ofmathematics, logic, and computer science. This article, drawing on themathematical theory of rules and rule complexes, extends and generalizes gametheory (GGT). The theory of rule complexes is used to conceptualize andanalyze diverse social relationships, roles, and games as particulartypes of rule complexes. A social role, for instance, is the major basisof an individual's action in a game. It consists of at least four majorcomponents – which are mathematical objects – in the determinationof action: value complex, model of reality (including beliefs and knowledgebases), a repertoire of acts, routines, programs, and strategies, and modalities,role-specific algorithms for determininig or generating action in gamesettings. The article focuses on three types of action modality routineor habitual, normative, andinstrumental modalities. The theory: (1) provides a cultural/institutionalbasis for a theory of gameswhere games, social relationships, and rolesare formalized in terms of rule complexes; (2) explains human action as a formof rule application or rule-following action, which underlies allmodalities of action; (3) formulates the theory that actors construct an action or make choices amongalternative actions by making comparisons and judging similarity (ordissimilarity) between an option or options considered and their norms and values,and, in general, determine whether or not, and to what degree, a value,norm, or goal will be realized or satisfied; (4)reconceptualizes ``game' as a social form and makes a distinction between open and closed games.     

电子音乐流派的社会变革(英文)

从社会和政治变化、电子音乐流派的发展,形成了电子音乐,科学和技术的发展对电子音乐有重大的影响。他们是四个不同历史时期的发展——未来派,法西斯主义,达达派、电子音乐的时期。从最早使用:麦架,嘘声,窃窃私语,爆炸等。音乐和表达感情的表现,在阶级斗争,政治变革和经济危机、发展迅速的电子音乐,用在许多不同的零件,例如播放音乐、电影、电视等,都成了一个必不可少的组成部分的音乐市场。     

WHAT'S TO KNOW ABOUT THE CREDIBILITY OF EMPIRICAL ECONOMICS?

The scientific credibility of economics is itself a scientific question that can be addressed with both theoretical speculations and empirical data. In this review, we examine the major parameters that are expected to affect the credibility of empirical economics: sample size, magnitude of pursued effects, number and pre‐selection of tested relationships, flexibility and lack of standardization in designs, definitions, outcomes and analyses, financial and other interests and prejudices, and the multiplicity and fragmentation of efforts. We summarize and discuss the empirical evidence on the lack of a robust reproducibility culture in economics and business research, the prevalence of potential publication and other selective reporting biases, and other failures and biases in the market of scientific information. Overall, the credibility of the economics literature is likely to be modest or even low.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Supply Chain Strategies in the UK Fashion Industry—The Rhetoric of Partnership and Realities of Power

This paper focuses on the fashion industry, one characterised by issues such as dramatic shifts in the scale and power of major retail buyers in the market, the advent of retailer own brands, and the nature of sourcing and supply chain decisions, issues that are increasingly global in nature. The aim of this research is to explore the nature of relationships between UK high street multiple fashion retailers and their contracted suppliers, many of whom are entrepreneurial firms by most definitions of the term. Four core themes emerge from the literature and provide a framework for the research, namely, power, process, partnership, and people. The research approach was qualitative, and conducted over a period of twelve months. The paper ends with an agenda for future research.     

公路工程施工组织设计探析

近些年,国家对基础性建设的投入越来越大,我们的公路建设也日益增多。公路工程是一项综合性、系统性较强的工程,是集路基、路面、路线、桥涵、隧道等于一体的综合体系。随着经济社会的发展和施工工艺的不断进步,人们对公路工程的要求也更加严格。为了保证公路建设的正常施工,就需要工程设计按时按量完成。而如何处理好质量与工期的矛盾则是公路设计者面临的难题。本文对公路工程设计的重要性,步骤等进行一个分析研究。     

Urban Waterscapes: The Hydro‐Politics of Flooding in a Sinking City

The threat of flooding in cities is often compounded by political and economic decisions made on watershed management, land development and water infrastructure and provisioning. It has also become a point of conflict between cities’ objectives for development and modernization, and the struggles of marginalized residents living in low‐lying coastal and riverine areas to remain in place. Flooding takes on different forms depending on one's point of view. It is a biophysical issue, involving geology, geography, meteorology and ecology. It is one of urban governance, involving planning and maintenance of infrastructure and land use. And it is sociopolitical, involving historical social and spatial marginalization and contestation. This article, based on mixed‐methods research in Jakarta, Indonesia, traces the conceptual and physical contours of urban waterscapes across these conflicting ideas and narratives. It brings into dialogue theories of urban political ecology, landscape ecology and environmental ethnography to explore the interrelationships between biophysical and sociopolitical factors behind urban flooding. In the article the focus is on the varying materialities and scales involved, including the ecological scales of the watershed, the infrastructural scales associated with flood protection, and the urban scales of planning, governance and social activism. The article concludes with a proposition for a multidimensional approach to thinking and acting on problems of urban ecological change.     

文化与科技融合的实现路径

文化发展与科技创新两者交织融合,科技创新是文化发展的重要引擎,文化发展也成为科技创新的引领。文化与科技融合本质是由科技突破和技术创新所带来文化产业在生产方式、消费方式、产业形态和产业结构等方面的变革,融合的核心是价值链重构,融合广泛发生在产业、市场、企业和生产要素等领域。目前,我国文化与科技的融合相对滞后,发展压力与发展机遇并存。从路径上来说,可从产业、市场、企业和人才四个方面实现文化与科技的融合。