A model of teenage labor supply

This paper develops a model of teenage labor supply and school participation which stresses the teenager's use of time in a family context. The family is viewed as imposing constraints on the teenager's allocation of time. The teenager maximizes his utility subject to these constraints which differ with his age, sex, and family type. Simultaneous equation estimation is used with market level (SMSA) data on teenage labor supply. Overall, we find well-behaved labor supply equations for teenage age, sex, and family-type groups. Moreover, different groups react differently to variables representing family-imposed constraints.     

Some evidence on the role of money illusion in labor supply behavior

The Keynesian idea that workers are subject to money illusion in their labor supply decisions is tested by estimating a labor supply function that includes the price level as an independent variable. The model is estimated with data drawn from various BLS publications and is aggregated by SMSA. The results indicate a significant negative supply response to price-level changes after controlling for the nominal wage rate, income, and the SMSA's unemployment rate. There is no significant difference between workers' supply response to the price level and the nominal wage rate, which suggests that workers are not subject to money illusion.     

劳动力与劳动的价值分析

劳动力是潜在的凝聚状态的劳动,劳动是显现的流动状态的劳动力;在生产资料私有制为主体(资本主义)的条件下劳动力是主体性商品;在生产资料公有制为主体(社会主义)的条件下劳动是主体性商品;劳动的价值即人的劳动的价值,就是人的具体劳动中所包含的抽象的人类劳动;作为一种特殊的原始性商品,劳动的价值是指具体劳动中所包含的抽象的活劳动,而活劳动的价值量则等于该劳动所创造的物化劳动的价值量.     

From time use to contingent work to labor supply: thoughts on the contributions of Alan Kreuger

Business Economics - Alan had a real concern with “getting it right,” even when getting it right was something that was going to be very, very difficult to do. I focus on some trends in...     

规范劳动用工管理优化劳动力资源配置

规范劳动用工管理,控制用工总量,优化劳动力资源配置是提高企业效益的重要途径.2010年哈尔滨铁路局先后出台了加强劳动用工管理,清理其他用工和岗职不符等相关政策,是解决哈局多年形成的职工总量大,富余劳动多且分布不均衡,职工工资水平低,而企业人工成本大的问题的一项重要举措.结合工作实际,针对企业用工总量得不到有效控制的原因及解决办法谈一下粗略认识.     

Temptation and the efficient taxation of education and labor

This paper studies efficient tax policies in Ramsey's tradition when consumers face temptation and self control problems in intertemporal decision making. We embed the class of preferences developed by Gul and Pesendorfer into a simple two‐period life‐cycle model and show that education should be effectively subsidized if the elasticity of the earnings function is increasing in education and if temptation problems are sufficiently severe. By contrast, if temptation problems are not sufficiently severe, efficient education policy calls for taxing education. Moreover, efficient labor taxation calls for subsidizing qualified labor if the strength of temptation is sufficiently large.     

The Association Between Gender-Diverse Compensation Committees and CEO Compensation

In this paper we investigate whether independent directors’ attendance at board meetings enhances investor protection using a difference-in-difference approach. We find that independent directors’ attendance alleviates tunneling. This effect is more pronounced in non-state-owned enterprises (non-SOEs) than in state-owned enterprises. The reinforcement of external supervision substitutes for the role of independent directors’ attendance and this substitution effect is more significant in non-SOEs. Together, these results imply that independent directors’ attendance at board meetings can play an important role in protecting investors, especially in non-SOEs and when external supervision is weak. This paper sheds new light on independent directors’ function in corporate governance, and has implications for institutional improvements.     

失地农民补偿模式评价及机制研究

中国正处于城镇化快速发展阶段,失地农民利益补偿问题是城镇化过程中必须解决的一个关键问题。各地在城镇化过程中已经摸索出不同的补偿模式。只有一个科学合理的失地农民补偿,才能使农民享受到经济发展带来的共同成果。     

Ethics and the supply of status goods

Conspicuous consumption was first identified and discussed by Thorstein Veblen in his classic text on The Theory of the Leisure Class published in 1899. Since that time, business organisations have encouraged and exploited the demand for status goods and today the supply of products which serve as social symbols is highly organised and profitable. This paper looks at the ways in which manufacturers, advertisers and retailers have combined to promote status-seeking as an acceptable form of consumer behaviour and at how the market for status goods has been expanded by corporate strategies geared to securing rapid rates of social obsolescence in the conspicuous goods and services on offer. The ethical arguments for and against such business activity are then examined in detail. Dr. Roger S. Mason is a Senior Lecturer at the University of Salford. Previously, he was a lecturer at the University of Sheffield and he has been awarded a silver medal by the U.K. Institute of Marketing. In addition to publishing the book Conspicuous Consumption, Gower Press and St. Martin's Press, 1981, Dr. Mason has contributed over 20 articles to business and management journals including the European Journal of Marketing, the International Journal of Social Ecnomics and the Journal of General Management.     

情绪劳动的理论与实践研究

社会学家提出情绪劳动的概念,目的是揭示人类互动中的情感成分.组织行为研究者基于心理学和管理学的视角,对情绪劳动的结构进行了探讨,并制订了相应的测量工具.研究表明,情绪劳动的影响因素包括个体变量、情境变量和组织变量,情绪劳动通常与个体的工作倦怠、工作满意度和工作绩效相关.     

The labor force of the future.

In the decades ahead, the US labor force will reflect changes in the industrial structure, with declines in some manufacturing industries and expansion in service industries. The services sector is so diverse that the jobs within it cannot be categorized as either high wage or low wage. The service-producing sector employs 85% of professional specialty workers in the US. In general, information on compensation trends indicates that greater increases in compensation have occurred for workers in service-producing as opposed to goods-producing industries. The increase in service sector jobs has created opportunities for women to enter the labor force and, at present, 5 out of 6 women work in this sector compared to fewer than 2 out of 3 men. Productivity growth rates in the service-producing industries vary substantially and are strongly affected by the business cycle. Central to employment opportunities in the years ahead will be the effect of new technology. To date, the aggregate effect of new technology has been increased employment and higher living standards. Although retraining programs should be in place, the scenario of a huge technology-created labor surplus seems unlikely. In fact, a more likely problem is a shortage of labor resulting from earlier labor force withdrawal and demographic aging of the population. Those in the 25-54-year age group will represent a larger share of the labor force in the years ahead. In addition, blacks are expected to account for 20% of the labor force growth in the next decade. Finally, given increasing labor force participation rates among mothers, employers may have to provide more flexible work schedules, assistance with day care, and more attractive benefits packages.     

异化劳动四个规定的内在逻辑

异化劳动思想包含有四个规定,四个规定在各自内涵展开的同时,又相互延续着一定的逻辑联系,分析四个规定的本质内涵,探讨它们之间的逻辑关系对深刻理解异化劳动,认识资本主叉物质生产方式的缺陷性具有一定的意义.     

On the inflation-unit labor cost relation

This paper investigates the independent effects of wage and productivity growth on inflation utilizing Weintraub's Wage-Cost-Markup (WCM) model. An Alternative WCM model formed by considering asymmetry in adjustment speeds of wage and productivity growth on pricing produces long-run effects conforming to a priori expectations concerning the magnitude and equality of inflation's response to wage and productivity growth. The model also produces improved predictive performance when compared with an estimated equation relating inflation to current unit labor cost growth. The findings offer a price equation that can be employed in econometric models relating inflation to unit labor cost growth.     

浅谈供电企业物资采购供应的现代化管理

供电企业管理的一个重要部分就是物资采购管理.其能否规范化的运行时关系到供电企业良好发展的一个重要方面.所以对于物资采购供应方面必须要进行现代化管理,这样才能进一步提高公司运作的水平,增加公司的收益.所以本文从电力企业物资采购.管理的问题和解决方式进行了探讨.     

赔偿限额和操作风险的最优保险分析

在巴塞尔新资本协议下,对于使用高级计量法的银行,保险被认可使用作为资本金的缓释手段.要计提资本金,则必须先计算在险价值(VaR).在保费固定的情况下,随着赔偿限额的上升,在险价值先下降之后震荡,然后继续上升,并存在-最小值;在险价值和银行的期望损失存在一定程度的替代关系,且二者之间有一个最优保险点,即低在险价值和低成本的组合点.