我国沿边地区外向型经济发展比较

本文选用我国西北、西南、东北三大沿边开放地区的进出口总额、实际利用外资额、国际旅游外汇收入、人均外贸额、人均实际利用外资额、人均国际旅游外汇收入、外贸依存度、外资依存度、旅游开放度、对外开放度等指标,分别从各沿边地区外向型经济总量规模、人均水平、对外开放程度等方面进行比较.通过比较发现,外向型经济发展水平地区与区域内部差异较大,沿边地区应通过加强利用外资和承接沿海地区产业转移,大力发展加工贸易,全面提升外向型经济发展水平,实现外向型经济持续、快速、协调发展.     

江苏省外向型经济发展特征分析

改革开放以来，江苏省的外向型经济迅速发展，其在经济发展的过程中发挥着越来越重要的作用。该文利用详实的数据资料，分析了江苏省外向型经济增长的基本态势、外向型经济总量规模和发展水平的地区差异以及外向型经济发展的行业及地缘结构特征。     

云南省沿边地区经济开放评价及对策——以德宏州为例

云南沿边地区是改革开放后我国内陆对外开放最早、最活跃的地区之一,开放度逐渐上升,但"综合边缘化"因素依然存在,经济社会发展仍处于欠发达水平及状况。本文将研究置于中国—东盟自由贸易区全面建设、新一轮西部大开发及云南桥头堡建设的大背景下,以德宏州为例,对云南沿边地区区际、国际等二重开放情况及特征进行研究,进一步探索沿边地区开放的路径及选择。     

江苏省外向型经济发展特征分析

改革开放以来,江苏省的外向型经济迅速发展,其在经济发展的过程中发挥着越来越重要的作用。该文利用详实的数据资料,分析了江苏省外向型经济增长的基本态势、外向型经济总量规模和发展水平的地区差异以及外向型经济发展的行业及地缘结构特征。     

加快外向型发展 促县域经济崛起——对我省县域外向型经济的现状与发展对策分析

外向型经济的发展水平，是衡量一个地区是否发达的重要标志。随着改革开放的不断深入和全球经济一体化进程的加速推进，县域外向型经济的发展环境发生了深刻变化。近年来，我省县域外向型经济取得了长足发展，特别是《安徽省人民政府关于加快县域外向型经济发展的若干意见》实施以后，县域外向型发展进入了新的阶段，招商引资、利用外资规模不断扩大，进出口额大幅提升，对县域经济的推动作用日益增强。但与一些周边发达地区相比．我省县域外向型经济程度还很低，这也是制约县域经济跨越式发展的重要因素。因此，加快县域外向型经济发展，提高我省县域对外开放水平，不仅是建设社会主义新农村的需要，也是适应中部崛起和东向战略的需要。它对于促进县域经济结构优化，加快县域经济崛起，具有十分重要的作用。     

云南省培育沿边开放新优势研究

云南"沿边开放"的进一步提升,对于我国的对外开放战略由单一的东向突进向东西并进的转变,推进西部与东部地区协调发展,实现东西联动,促进边疆民族地区经济发展,提高边民生活水平,实现边境稳定和谐发展具有非常重要的作用。经过三十多年改革开放的发展,云南沿边开放取得了较大成绩,但从横向来看,云南沿边开放的优势并未充分发挥。要进一步提升云南沿边开放,一方面应充分发挥已有的区位、政策等优势;另一方面要着重培育沿边开放新优势,努力提升云南对外开放水平。     

安徽省外向型经济发展的地区差异分析

外向型经济对促进安徽省省内各地区经济协调发展具有重要意义.文章运用聚类分析和Theil指数考察了安徽省外向型经济发展的地区差异状况和动态演化趋势,结果表明:安徽省外向型经济发展的地区差异明显,且地区间外贸的差异显著大于实际利用外商直接投资的差异;但从总体上看,差异在缩小,外向型经济发展的地区差异趋于收敛.导致安徽省外向型经济发展存在地区差异的因素是多方面的,应针对这些因素采取切实举措,以推动各地区外向型经济在适度差异中协调发展.     

中国边境示范区——东兴

2009年，《国务院办公厅关于应对国际金融危机保持西部地区经济平稳较快发展的意见》提出，要积极推动广西东兴、云南瑞丽、新疆喀什、内蒙古满洲里进一步扩大开放，加强与周边国家和地区的资源能源开发利用合作，建成沿边开放的桥头堡。     

外资的引入对地区经济竞争力的影响及其发展对策

<正> 在区域经济水平达到一定程度后,必然会产生区域经济之间的联系,这种联系到达一定程度后会扩展到国际规模。而由于自然、历史、经济特点等原因,各个地区与国家的生产力水平和生产结构会有所差异,要想消除这种差异发展本地区的经济就要积极的采取外向型经济的发展策略。在外向型经济发展过程中,外资的引入、跨国公司的直接投资对地区经济的带动与促进作用十分的明显。地区发展要面向国际市场,直接参与国际竞争,就要在利用外资的同时,更要吸收国外的先进技术、管理经验和人才,充实自身的区域经济,改善区域经济环境,调整区域产业结构,为整个区域经济的发展奠定坚实的基础。外资企业的发展对区域经济的促进     

联合开放开发 振兴大西南：中国未来15年将形成的七大经济区域介绍之四

西南和华南部分省区,包括四川、贵州、云南、广西、海南和广东西部的湛江、茂名和肇庆市。国土面积142万平方公里,占全国的15%;人口2.4亿。占全国的20%左右。该经济区域地处祖国西南,南濒北部湾和南中国海,北踞长江上游,西南毗邻印支三国,紧邻经济富有活力的东南亚各国,处于亚太经济圈的中间地带。经济区位,既跨沿海,又踞长江上游,还处于沿边地区,是我国唯一的沿海、沿江、沿边"三沿"兼备的经济区域,地缘位置重要,区位优势明显。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

For Better or for Worse? Local Impacts of the Decentralization of Indonesia’s Forest Sector

This paper quantifies the local impacts of mechanized logging on forest-dependent communities in Indonesia, before and after decentralization. A conceptual framework incorporates financial, social, enforcement, rent-seeking, and environmental impacts. Using data from 60 communities in East Kalimantan, the empirical results suggest that significantly more households received financial and in-kind benefits after decentralization compared to before. Many communities engaged in self-enforcement activities against firms both before and after decentralization. Post-decentralization, a significantly higher proportion of households perceived community forest ownership. There were few significant differences in perceived environmental impacts. Little evidence exists of a post-decentralization trade-off between environmental and financial contractual provisions.     

以资本管理为核心的银行治理综合评价指标研究

商业银行的特殊性体现在风险性、外部性和多重治理目标上,尤其集中体现在风险管理的本质上。风险管理日益成为现代商业银行的主体活动和核心职能,资本管理成为现代商业银行风险管理的核心。在整合EVA和RAROC指标的基础上。文章构建了以资本管理为核心的银行治理的综合评价指标,以求真实反映银行经营的成果,有效衡量风险收益和风险成本的对比关系,从而反映以资本管理为核心的银行风险管理的过程、能力和效率。     

Markteintrittstiming von Telekommunikationsdiensteanbietern

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie analysiert für 87 Neuprodukteinführungen (NPE) und Auslandsmarkteintritte (AME) von Telekommunikations(TK)-Diensteanbietern in Deutschland, zu denen 42 Schlüsselinformanten in einer schriftlichen Befragung Auskunft gaben, (1) inwieweit deren zeitliche Eintrittspositionierung durch Marktcharakteristika und Unternehmensressourcen erkl?rbar ist sowie (2) inwieweit und gegebenenfalls unter welchen unternehmensexternen und -internen Situationsbedingungen deren Markteintrittstiming mit dem wahrgenommenen Eintrittserfolg assoziiert ist. Ein früher Markteintritt wurde dann realisiert, wenn die Wettbewerbsintensit?t im adressierten Gesch?ft niedrig und das Budget für den Expansionsschritt überdurchschnittlich ausfielen. Zwischen dem Markteintrittstiming und der Beurteilung des Eintrittserfolgs bestand ein nicht monotoner, umgekehrt U-f?rmiger Zusammenhang: Frühe Folger wiesen signifikant bessere Erfolgswerte auf als Pioniere und sp?te Folger, deren Erfolgsniveaus nicht signifikant divergierten. In einer Industrie, die durch starke externe Netzeffekte gepr?gt ist, fallen offenbar die Nachteile eines Markteintritts als Pionier oder sp?ter Folger st?rker ins Gewicht als die Vorteile dieser beiden zeitlichen Eintrittspositionierungen. Unabh?ngig vom Markteintrittstiming wurden NPE/AME von TK-Unternehmen als erfolgreicher eingestuft, wenn sie sich in einen Markt mit stark wachsender Nachfrage und aufeinander abgestimmt (re)agierenden Wettbewerbern mit qualitativ überdurchschnittlichen, abw?rtskompatiblen, erprobbaren und wenig erkl?rungsbedürftigen TK-Diensten engagierten.      

利用膜技术回收利用碱性废水研究进展

回顾了利用膜分离技术处理碱性废水的工艺与综合利用技术所取得的丰硕成果，总结了各种治理方法的特点、适用性及发展方向。     

Taxing Times in Indonesia: The Challenge of Restoring Competitiveness and the Search for Fiscal Space

Indonesia’s economic growth picked up slightly in mid-2016 but remains below the level demanded by government and popular aspirations. Despite a plethora of reforms intended to increase efficiency and productivity, some policies are perverse and longstanding problems of implementation remain. The share of manufacturing has declined, the real exchange rate has appreciated, exports have dwindled, and growth has been trending downwards. The banking sector is stable but inefficient, with wide net interest margins and numerous barriers to competition. Trade protection, particularly in basic food commodities, has created high costs that weigh particularly heavily on the poor. Declining government revenues have placed increasing pressure on the public budget, even as the current administration aims to increase spending on infrastructure and welfare and to enhance productivity. In an effort to increase revenues, the government has announced a tax amnesty program and other measures. In addition, Sri Mulyani Indrawati, the new finance minister, has taken steps to cut non-essential expenditure in order to secure high spending on infrastructure and at the same time keep within the 3% budget deficit limit stipulated by law. Although the overall debt situation is not yet alarming, declining revenues and budget cuts that do not fully reflect this decline are putting pressure on increasing debt levels. The government’s high-profile tax amnesty program was the major policy initiative implemented in the second half of 2016 that aimed to relieve this pressure. Despite widespread criticism of, and scepticism about, the tax amnesty (both within and outside Indonesia), its first phase had a much higher participation rate than most independent accounts expected. Revenues raised so far through the amnesty are less than 60% of the official target, but this is actually a strong result for the short term. The bigger question, however, is whether the amnesty is a key element of a more encompassing strategy to overhaul the system of taxation and tax administration.     

The causes of Japan's ‘lost decade’: The role of household consumption

In this paper, I analyze the causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and find that the stagnation of investment, especially private fixed investment, was the primary culprit. I then investigate the causes of the stagnation of household consumption during the 1990s and find that the stagnation of household disposable income, the decline in household wealth, and increased uncertainty about the future are among the contributing factors. Finally, I consider whether demand side factors or supply side factors were more important as causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and conclude that the former (especially misguided government policies) were probably more important.