“十一五”中前期我国控制能源活动温室气体排放成就及建议

十一五前三年我国单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放下降12.2%,标志着温室气体排放得到有效控制,但同时控制能源活动温室气体排放政策仍然存在着定位不清、战略地位不明确、体制机制不健全等缺憾。2020年温室气体控制目标的提出和复杂的国际谈判形势也为下一步工作提出了新要求。因此,我国应根据形势变化,从十一五后期起对温室气体排放控制政策作出调整。     

东北地区温室气体减排的经济对策——以吉林省为例

温室气体减排已作为约束性指标列入我国国民经济和社会发展中长期规划,是我国各省级行政单位的工作目标之一。东北地区是我国高碳排放区,温室气体减排压力较大。以2005年和2010年吉林省温室气体排放量核算数据为依据,分析吉林省温室气体排放总量、排放强度及主要排放来源,提出控制能源产业碳排放量过快增长、发展低碳能源产业和碳汇项目等节能减排的经济对策。     

我国火电企业减少温室气体排放探索

减少温室气体排放成为解决全球变暖问题的核心之一。我国火电企业的二氧化碳排放约占全国总二氧化碳总排放的一半。而信息化建设为火电企业减少温室气体排放提供了新的思路。因此,系统分析了我国火电企业排放温室气体和信息化建设的现状,及信息化系统减少温室气体排放的机理。最后,对将来火电企业更好地利用信息化减少温室气体排放进行展望。     

国内外温室气体排放的对比分析

近年来,温室气体的减排分析已经成为国际社会的热点问题,笔者从五个方面分析了中国温室气体排放的现状,并对国内外温室气体排放的数据进行了对比和分析,力图通过这种方式对我国CO2人均排放量和排放强度在国际上的水平进行探讨,为我国在后京都时代如何承诺减排提供有利的前提和基础。     

低碳背景下中国农业温室气体排放研究

该文从国外农业温室气体排放出发,总结了国外温室气体减排经验,继而从碳排放和非碳温室气体排放两个方面研究了中国农业温室气体排放途径和特点,并通过投入产出法对农业的隐含碳排放进行了测算,结果显示:2007年农业直接碳排放量为985.26万吨,直接碳排放强度0.1593吨/万元,隐含碳排放量为4452万吨,隐含碳排放量强度0.72吨/万元。在借鉴国外温室气体减排基础上,提出了适合我国国情的农业温室气体减排对策。     

上海低碳经济发展及城市间比较

对于特定年份某一城市低碳经济发展的成就进行评价，首先应当考察其温室气体排放总量和（总体）温室气体排放强度：更加细致一点，应当考察温室气体排放在三次产业和三次产业中主要行业的分布，以及三次产业和三次产业中主要行业的温室气体排放强度；在此基础上，可以进行城市问比较，以判断该城市在低碳经济发展国内外竞争格局中的位置。     

聚焦碳税

由于二氧化碳是最主要的温室气体之一,能源系统又是最主要的二氧化碳排放源,因此目前温室气体排放控制的重点集中在能源系统二氧化碳排     

蓝碳生态系统温室气体清单编制方法研究

海洋在全球气候变化和碳循环过程中发挥着重要的作用,编制蓝碳生态系统温室气体排放/吸收清单对于保护和恢复蓝碳生态系统以及应对气候变化具有重要的意义。目前,针对红树林、海草床和滨海盐沼等温室气体清单编制还没有形成标准化的方法体系。通过开展蓝碳生态系统温室气体清单编制方法研究,构建出基于储量和通量法的蓝碳生态系统温室气体排放/吸收核算方法,设计出蓝碳生态系统温室气体清单表格。最后,结合我国国家温室气体清单编制现状,进一步指出我国蓝碳生态系统温室气体清单编制中的关键问题和未来研究方向,为纳入国家温室气体清单做好技术衔接。     

积极推进低碳试点示范——专访国家发改委应对气候变化司司长苏伟

2009年11月,国务院常务会议提出了到2020年我国控制温室气体排放的行动目标,即到2020年我国单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放比2005年下降40%～45%,作为约束性指标纳入国民经济和社会发展中长期规划,并     

我国贸易开放与温室气体排放动态关系实证研究

自2001入世以来,中国对外贸易的开放程度越来越高,伴随而来的是温室气体的排放总量的快速增长。文章以温室气体CO_2为例,借助2000-2013年中国贸易和CO_2排放量数据,采取协整分析方法系统分析了中国对外贸易与CO_2排放间的动态关系,研究结果表明:贸易开放与温室气体排放间互动效果明显,呈现为正向影响,且维持长期均衡稳定,这说明我国对外贸易开放程度是温室气体排放快速变化的原因之一,即贸易开放程度越高,CO_2排放量越大,在此基础上给出了促进我国对外贸易开放与资源环境保护良性互动的相关建议。     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

生物群落结构原型的仿生学模拟

模拟生命系统管理规律的科学即管理仿生学,是知识时代仿生学研究的新领域与前沿.基于模拟生物群落结构规律的研究目的,采用仿生学模拟的研究方法,以生物群落结构为原型,建立了仿生群落结构模型.结论为:垂直结构、水平结构、时间结构与交错区结构是支持生物群落生命活动的结构规律,以该规律为原型,推理建立了仿生分层结构、仿生优化结构、仿生动态结构与仿生相邻结构,四种仿生结构分别侧重于管理资源的分层管理、局部优化管理、动态过程管理、相邻关系管理,该模型为建立类似生物群落的人造管理系统即仿生群落管理系统提供了仿生结构模型.可以预测,该模型具有广泛的应用价值,能够推动管理仿生学的发展.