创造知识“租”的学习型战略联盟

学习型战略联盟以跨越企业的方式组合知识资源，获得知识分享规模效益，形成知识“租”，使联盟产生高额的回报。本文从辨析知识“租”的合义入手，结合对企业知识的类别分析，揭示了联盟中知识“租”产生的原因。     

经营风险管理刍议

一、经营风险是商品经济发展的必然产物 所谓风险是指某种随机性意外事件发生后,给人们的利益造成损失的可能性。经营风险是指企业在经营过程中,由于外部环境变化和内部管理失误,使实际收益与预期收益发生背离、蒙受经济损失的可能性。一般说来,企业的经营风险是因经营不善造成的,是动态的、不可保的风险,它对企业的影响是双重的,既有蒙受经济损失的可能,也有获得额外收益的机会。     

土地年租制与房地产估价

文章阐述了现行土地出让制度存在的弊端和采用土地年租制的制度与现实合理性,分析了土地年租制与降低房价的关系。在此基础上,从土地估价主要成为政府行为,并需要加快推进路线价法估价;一些与房地产估价有关的概念发生变化;房地产估价三种基本方法需要进行调整三个方面论述了土地年租制对我国现行房地产估价理论的影响。     

公务员收入、设租博弈与经济增长

中国处于经济转型时期,各行政部门的设租行为对市场的功能替代造成资源配置扭曲.设租行为的根本原因是公务员的努力--收入机制不合理.通过分析公务员效用函数和行政部门设租博弈行为,提出创新公务员的收入制度,从而消除部门间收入差距,减少设租行为,进而降低企业进入壁垒,促进社会的和谐发展.     

IT投资价值形成机理研究——基于经济租的解释

针对现有经济租仅限于生产成本范围的不足,本文提出了包括交易成本、机会收益在内的广义经济租的概念,分析了IT投资产生李嘉图租、熊彼特租、张伯伦租、关系租的机理,并进一步研究持续租的判断标准及其形成条件,解释了IT为什么不再重要的原因。     

土地出让要积极探索年租制

我国现阶段的土地出让制度存在一定的缺陷,土地出让金的利益分配机制不够合理。土地出让金是若干年（在我国目前为40—70年）土地使用期内的地租之和,某一届政府获得的土地出让金,实际上是一次性预收。一次性收取后,并会一次性预支未来若干年内的土地使用权收益总和。马上用光,这种对土地收益的“透支”,对于往后多届政府显然是不公平的。土地批租环节其他的弊端,还有设租、寻租使土地隐形成本提高,开发商圈地导致土地垄断加剧等。     

如何防范跨国经营的风险

一、跨国经营风险类型 　　跨国经营与国内企业相比较,面临更为复杂的政治、经济、文化、社会环境,存在着更大的风险。其一,经营风险,即经营者的决策风险。企业以实现利润最大化为目标,企业在生产、营销过程中,总是包含着对不确定因素的预期,因此也蕴涵了经营风险。其二,政治风险,即因政治环境变化有可能给投资者带来的损失。如东道国的政局是否稳定,政策是否持久,对国外资本的保障程度如何等,对于跨国经营企业的影响都非常明显。其三,汇率风险,即汇率的下降与贬值带来的收益风险。跨国经营必然引起资金在不同的币种间的换…     

浅析无锡近代企业商标的特征

无锡近代民族资本主义工商业在地方经济中发展迅猛,创办实业风行,曾一度位居上海、天津、武汉之后第4位。综观无锡近代企业,无论是规模较大的企业集团,还是规模很小的由个人创办的企业,生产出来的产品都有自己的商标。据1927—1937年江苏省工业调查资料统计,无锡近代缫丝行业商标约80余种,面粉行业7种,棉纺织行业约24种,织布、针织行业约60多种。有些商标历经百年沧桑,仍沿用至今,成为无锡现代企业创汇的名牌。透过对无锡近代企业商标的剖析.我认为这些商标的创立和使用,带有鲜明的特色。     

汉代“市租”新探

市租是西汉商业税的一种，但对其具体性质及相关问题，在学者间历来有各种不同的看法，最普遍的看法是将其作为市场交易税、营业税等类型来看待。这一看法直接源自于《史记．齐悼惠王世家》中的一段《索隐》，其正文为武帝时主父偃的一段话：“齐临淄十万户，市租千金。”《索隐》注道：“市租，谓所卖之物出税，日得千金。”     

明代后期景德镇御器厂匠役制度的变化

明代,景德镇设有御器厂,烧造岁解,“以供尚方之用”.御器厂施行轮班匠制,较之元代官手工业使用系官人匠其人身依附关系有所减轻.明代后期,御器厂的轮班匠制其落后性愈益显露,御器厂的匠役制度出现了由轮班匠制到雇役匠制转变的趋向.本文试就此予以探讨.不妥之处,敬待指正.     

我国房地产税制的现状及改革构想

房地产税制是维护房地产市场公平竞争，实现国家对房地产业宏观调控的有力杠杆。然而，我国现行的房地产税制却存在税费不分、税制不统一、税制结构不合理等诸多问题。严重影响了其对房地产业应有的宏观调控作用。因此，适时地推进房地产税制的改革应是当务之急，应统一内外税制，合理界定税费的范围，建立统一、规范、合理的房地产税收体系。     

The Change in Productive Efficiency in Telecommunications in the United States

The question addressed here is whether the adoption of incentive regulation, which has become an important regulatory tool in the telecommunications industry in the USA, has resulted in a change in the technical efficiency of local exchange carriers in the USA. After providing an overview of the nature of incentive regulation, a methodology for measuring technical efficiency and its change is introduced. This is a multiple-output/multiple-input distance function approach to measuring technical efficiency. The results of implementing this approach for 19 local exchange carriers for the 1988-2001 period indicate that in the production of local service, intrastate toll/access service, and interstate access to local loops, there was no change in technical efficiency between the 1988-1990 period and the 1991- 2001 period, something that incentive regulation was specifically designed to promote.     

西部地区人力资本投资与知识化发展

人力资本投资在推动知识化发展的过程中存在自增强机制，通过促进人力资本保值增值，进行人力资源合理配置，改善配置环境和配置政策、完善配套措施，有助于充分发挥这一机制的功能，从而实现西部地区知识化发展。     

Age Discrimination in Employment in Canada

Issues pertaining to age discrimination in employment in Canada are analyzed with a view toward highlighting lessons that may be learned from the Canadian experience—an experience that is taking on increased policy importance. Reasons for the increased attention to age discrimination issues are outlined, followed by a portrayal of the age discrimination legislation and court interpretations in Canada, especially as they pertain to mandatory retirement. Enforcement aspects are discussed, as is the evidence on age discrimination in employment and the effectiveness of legislation with respect to age discrimination and mandatory retirement. The article concludes with a discussion of the lessons to be learned from the Canadian experience, especially with respect to the poorly understood but complicated relationship between age discrimination and mandatory retirement. Policy recommendations for strengthening age discrimination legislation are also outlined. (JEL J14 , J24 , J71 )     

Inequalities in Income Distribution in Slovenia

This article presents an empirical analysis of income distribution based on income tax data for Slovenia in 1991-2000. It presents evidence of rising inequalities in income distribution (gross income, gross wages and pensions). These results are supported by coefficients of variation, Gini coefficients and by the Lorenz curves. Inequalities increased rapidly in the 1991 to 1993 period. After a significant decrease in 1994 and a steady increase from 1995 to 2000, the peak value from 1993 was not surpassed. Atkinson's requirements for dominance comparisons are not violated. Inequalities are also present in the distribution of the benefits of economic growth among income groups.     

上海生态农业发展影响因素研究

文章分析了上海生态农业发展的影响因素,并利用计量模型进行检验,认为影响上海生态农业发展的主要因素有农业基础设施、农业劳动力资源、农业产业化水平、农业科技实力状况。     

Public participation in forestry in Turkey

Recently public participation in forestry has been seriously considered in Turkey. Participation is however quite a challenge for a country with a long tradition of top-down management and a strong bottom-up dependence on public provisioning. In such a setting, it may not be surprising that the experiences with public participation in forestry in Turkey are mixed. There are some positive initiatives like the creation of farmer's cooperatives and NGOs, but their role is quite limited and small of scale. This paper is bringing together different views based on existing studies in Turkish related to Turkey's experience with implementing public participation in forestry.     

Inter-enterprise arrears in economies in transition

In the context of economies in transition, the paper argues that an excessive liquidity squeeze could throw the economy into a persistent state of low economic activity. In such bad equilibrium, enterprise transactions become largely demonetized, with a chain of arrears, a form of involuntary credit, spreading over the entire system. The empirical analysis of the Romanian experience seems to support the view advanced in the paper.