中关村跨区域创新合作模式辐射临汾——中关村企业家考察临汾开发区纪实

中关村模式向外辐射再下一城,光芒照进华夏文明的摇篮——山西临汾,这将是科技与文化最具象征意义的融合。     

华夏文明的源头——中国根祖文化寻踪篇之一：尧文化是中华文明之源

尧文化是中国原始社会后期向第一个阶级社会过渡时期的文化，是中华民族传统文化的主源，它上承原始社会文化之大成，下启华夏文明之形成，在上古社会发展史上，起着承前启后的重要作用。山西临汾古为帝尧之都，尧文化根深蒂固，源远流长。帝尧是上古时期杰出的部落联盟首领，是我国最早君临天下的帝王。众所周知，《尚书》是我国最早的一部史书，上起原始社会末期的唐尧。司马迁也脱：“学者多称王帝，尚矣。然尚书独裁尧以来；而百家言黄帝，其文不雅驯，荐绅先生难言之。”尧无疑是中国第一个有史可证的帝王，且是一位大贤明的帝王。帝尧在古平阳（临汾古称）带领先民钦定历法，理顺了时序；凿井引水，推进了农耕；设立诽谤木，让平民畅所欲言，议论朝政；访贤禅让，被传为千古美谈。由于尧功业卓著，加之其仁爱、信义、清廉、俭朴、勤勉的高尚品德，倍受华夏子孙的推崇和敬仰，历代都将其列为“五帝”之中，尊为古圣，称其为民师帝范，文明始祖。正由于这样，上古时期才会以平阳为中心形成中国的雏形，因而帝尧是中国的国祖，临汾是中国的源头。历史上有作为的皇帝，秦皇汉武、唐宗宋祖无不效法帝尧，即使新中国的缔造者、人民领袖毛泽东也盛赞“六亿神州尽舜尧”。时至今日，尧天舜日仍然是太平盛世的象征。作为我国最早成体系的观念形态文化，尧文化具备源头文化的特色和寻根文化的优势，对于海内外炎黄子孙、尧舜传人具有普遍的认同感和吸引力。因此，加强尧文化的研究与开发，让世人感受华夏古老深远的文明，体味中华民族辉煌的历史，将对增强民族自尊心、自豪感，增强民族凝聚力，推进祖国统一大业有着不可估量的作用。时下中国正在大力推进以人为本、政治文明的和谐社会，我们在充分借鉴西方发达国家的同时，岂能忘了毕生践行以人为本、率先垂范政治文明的民族先驱帝尧!如果说北京展示的是明清文化，西安展示的是汉唐文化，那么在北京和西安之间的临汾展示的则是上古文化。也就是中华民族的源头文化，这既补充了北京和西安之问的空缺，又更具文化的前驱性和吸引力。人们常说“五千年文明看山西”，实际上应该是“五千年文明看临汾”。近年来，世界各地华人兴起了“寻根热”，那么我们这站的文化寻根之旅就将目标锁定在尧文化的源头——山西临汾。     

张冬贵：我对新飞还不满足

河南地处华夏腹地，是中华民族主要发祥地之一，有3000多年是中国的政治、经济、文化中心，自古就有“得中原者得天下”之说。新飞位处中原城市群“十字”核心区城市新乡，已然茁壮成长为河南企业的中流砥柱。在新飞电器25周年新闻发布会上，丰隆亚洲公司总裁、新飞电器有限公司董事长张冬贵谈笑风生。     

临汾蒲剧梅花之旅——从3个梅花奖到20个小梅花奖的过程和启示

为庆祝新中国成立60周年，山西省组织了13台精品剧目进京展演。而被中国剧协命名为全国戏曲“梅花之乡”的临汾市，这次并没有派出驰名国内的几位梅花奖得主，相反，却派出了由20多名全国戏曲小梅花金奖得主组成的小梅花蒲剧团进京展演。蒲剧戏迷、戏曲专家们大声叫好：“薛家的威风又来了，蒲剧后继有人了!”     

中关村20周年特辑 昌平园 高新技术产业发展为园区经济注入活力

昌平在首都城市功能分区中属于城市发展新区，是北京市“十一五”规划发展的新城之一，是首都西部发展带上的重要节点。在“十一五”期间，昌平将依托“一带两轴，一城多点”的区域空间布局，坚持科教创新基地、人文生态景区、和谐宜居新城的发展定位，着力大造高新技术产业和先进的制造业、旅游会展业、现代流通服务业、现代农业以及房地产业与建筑业等五大经济板块。     

闲说“政治气质”

政治家的个人气质是很重要的，优良的气质之一就是有气度，有志气，有公正务实品性。刘秀以他优良的个人品质成就开刨了东汉的繁荣，成了“中兴皇帝“；而王莽终因贪心、报复、作威等蝴子气”的底色最终成了中国历史上的反面人物。     

永恒的尧颂——大型音乐舞蹈史剧《尧颂》的历史功绩及时代意义

国务院出台的《文化产业振兴规划》，把文化产业上升为国家“战略性产业”。如何挖掘利用各地的特色和创新优势，振兴中国的文化产业，任重道远。国庆前夕，有一台山西临汾的大型音乐舞蹈史剧《尧颂》在京上演，颇获好评。众所周知，尧是中国第一个有史记载、有据可考的贤明帝王。尧所倡导的禅让、和谐、法制、以民为本思想，超越了历史的局限，在今天仍具有现实意义。古老的临汾蒲剧在中国戏剧界享有很高声誉，在上个世纪中国首届10位梅花大奖中，临汾独揽双奖，震动全国。一个地方戏剧对本地历史文化资源的挖掘和创新的成功，可以给人们带来很多启示。     

闪耀在西汉的平阳群星

出临汾城，过汾河桥，西行不远，有一座醒目的村庄，村外高耸着古雅的牌楼，上书四个大字“将军故里”。这就是西汉时期大将军卫青的故里——青城村。从青城村北去四五里有一村庄，名为高堆。走进高堆村，人们会自豪地告诉你，我们村里出过大人物!原来这里就是西汉时期功勋兄弟霍去病和霍光的家乡。时光荏苒，西汉至今过去了一千多年，但是，变幻的风尘烟云丝毫也掩没不了历史英杰的光泽。     

“中国海事第一船”——“海巡31”船揭秘

2005年2月22日，广东海事局仑头航测基地码头。彩带飘飘，红旗招展。一艘崭新的、船身漆有红兰相间海事色标的“海巡51”船挂着满旗靠泊在码头。船弦甲板上，一队身着海事礼服的中国海事官威武雄壮，迎风站立。“海巡51”船交接仪式在这里隆重举行!交通部徐祖远副部长和广东省游宁丰副省长等100多名领导和嘉宾参加了仪式。“海巡51”船，我国海事系统目前现代化、信息化程度最高的巡视船。她写下了中国海事，乃至中国造船史上的多个“第一”。她一开工建造，就引起境内外媒体的关注，有的媒体称之为“中国海事第一船”；有的媒体称之为“海事航母”……。多少个媒体记者不断打探她的消息，争睹她的“芳容”……现在，“海巡51”船要正式交接了。她那神秘的面纱也随之揭开……     

且说人才的“格”

人才有两种，一种是合格的人才，一种是破格的人才。我们应当尊重哪一种？回答是：都应当尊重。龚自珍诗中的名句之一便是“我劝天公重抖数，不拘一格降人才。”这里强调的是人才的“不拘一格”，大有反对按照死模式选取模式化“人才”的意味。换句话说就是，     

Facebook Content Strategies and Citizens’ Online Engagement: The Case of Greek Local Governments

This paper analyzes the communication strategies used by Greek local governments through the utilization of Web 2.0 technologies, specifically Facebook, and the effectiveness of these strategies in relation to citizens’ online engagement. More specifically, it examines Facebook communication strategies and levels of citizens’ engagement. For this purpose, we conducted a content analysis on the active and official Facebook pages of local municipalities in Greece from January 2017 until the end of September 2017. Our results suggest a rise in the percentage of active Facebook pages maintained by local governments in comparison to our 2014 study. Our results also show that local governments in Greece are using Facebook in a predominantly top-down manner to promote events organized by the municipality and to push one-way information to citizens about their services and actions. Local authorities have, however, made significant progress in relation to posts that support transparency and accountability and that enhance or mobilize citizens’ participation. Our evaluation of local government Facebook strategies indicates that marketing the municipality to external public, such as tourists, and providing information about services are effective strategies that drive citizens’ online attitude expression (liking), engagement (commenting), and advocacy behavior (sharing). According to our analysis, local governments in Greece prefer the strategies that we found to be the least engaging. In addition, our study provides interesting details of how specific characteristics and modes of Facebook messages (photos, videos, URLs, hashtags, and mentions) impact on citizens’ engagement. Finally, our results provide valuable insights for social media managers in local government who aim to increase the impact of their municipal Facebook pages.     

Graph-Based Entropy for Detecting Explanatory Signs of Changes in Market

Graph-based entropy, an index of the diversity of events in their distribution to parts of a co-occurrence graph, is proposed for detecting signs of structural changes in the data that are informative in explaining latent dynamics of consumers’ behavior. For obtaining graph-based entropy, connected sub-graphs are first obtained from the graph of co-occurrences of items in the data. Then, the distribution of items occurring in events in the data to these sub-graphs is reflected on the value of graph-based entropy. For the data on the position of sale, a change in this value is regarded as a sign of the appearance, the separation, the disappearance, or the uniting of consumers’ interests. These phenomena are regarded as the signs of dynamic changes in consumers’ behavior that may be the effects of external events and information. Experiments show that graph-based entropy outperforms baseline methods that can be used for change detection, in explaining substantial changes and their signs in consumers’ preference of items in supermarket stores.     

Globalization of Information Services and the Industrial Structure of the Japanese Economy

Since the late 1990s, ICT has rebuilt organizational networks by connecting value chains and providing communication networks. This made certain types of services tradable, including information services. This change raised the public concern in terms of the effect on employment and innovation capacity in developed economies. The fragmentation of the production network of information services has been led by US firms, but is spreading to East Asia, typically in outsourcing from Japan to China, India and the ASEAN countries. This study empirically assesses the effect of offshore outsourcing on employment in Japan, specifying trading partners. The results show that information services outsourcing affects employment in the manufacturing sector in Japan, but the effect is different depending on trading partners. This study discusses the implications from the viewpoint of industry policy, relating the results to outsourced business processes.     

The Effect of Information Communication Technology and Corporate Organizational Reforms on Productivity in Japan: Firm- level Evidence

Our main objective in this paper is to understand how Japanese firms can increase productivity by utilizing Information and Communication Technology (ICT). E-commerce, BPO (Business Process Outsourcing), and SCM (Supply Chain Management) are popular in Japan, so a new type of ICT might offer an opportunity for Japanese firms to change current business relations or to start up new ones. The novelty of this paper is in its empirical study of the combination of ICT promotion and a variety of business organizational changes needed to discover which type of business organizational change is suitable for raising productivity in Japan. For workplace organization within firms, we discuss the decentralization or centralization of decision-making power and the flattening of the corporate hierarchy. For business relational changes, we discuss the outsourcing of the business process and the start up of new business relations. Our main result is that in general, the promotion of ICT has better effects in reforms related to changes in business relations among business partners, rather than to reforms within a firm. Starting up new business relations that require planning and R&D show the best chances of raising productivity using ICT promotion.     

Married Women’s Lifestyles in Japan: Disparities Based on the Number of Children

In order to explore the complex mechanisms of married women’s decisions in matters of childbirth, we studied empirically the relations between family size and aspects of lifestyle through a questionnaire survey administered in 2006 to married women living in the city of Suita, Japan, a suburb of Osaka. Lifestyle was taken as a complex of mutual relationships among individual (biographical, psychological) and social (socioeconomic, social support) factors, and our aim was to clarify differences in Japan in lifestyle among married women based on the number of their children. Analysis of 495 respondents showed mothers with only a single child were more self-reliant: they tend to give birth at a late age, enjoy cooperation with their husbands in family finances, be psychologically at ease, and not seek help from others in child rearing. Mothers with three or more children embody more of the traditional role for Japanese women: they tend to give birth at an early age, be reliant on their husbands financially, be less at ease psychologically, and seek others’ help in child rearing. These differences suggest that more focus on psychological, not just economic support in government policy to counteract declining fertility is an important issue for future consideration.     

清华科技园：园区产学研创新读本

＂清华科技园在我国大学科技园建设中发挥了示范、带动、辐射作用。无论是在创业孵化能力上还是在创新服务模式上,清华科技园都处于世界一流水平。＂     

品思清东陵

我在想,习惯在古迹前感知沧桑的人,会在历史回声中驻足思远。因为历史的偶然与必然,古人的功过与得失,遗迹的缺失与完整,后人的悬疑与考证……都会在漫漫旅途中隐现。只有通过缕缕哲思的过滤,通过落花人独立的回望,才能思古悟今,让履痕化为精神世界里的一抹丹霞。——行者悟语     

A Statistical Analysis Between Consumer Behavior and a Social Network Service: A Case Study of Used-Car Demand Following the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami of 2011

When a large-scale disaster hits a community, especially a water-related disaster, there is a scarcity of automobiles and a sudden increase in the demand for used cars in the damaged areas. This paper conducts a case study of a recent massive natural disaster, the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami of 2011 to understand those car scarcities and demand in the aftermath of the catastrophe. We analyze the reasons for the increase in demand for used cars and how social media can predict people’s demand for used automobiles. In other words, this paper explores whether social media data can be used as a sensor of socio-economic recovery status in damaged areas during large-scale water-related disaster-recovery phases. For this purpose, we use social media communication as a proxy for estimating indicators of people’s activities in the real world. This study conducts both qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. For the qualitative research, we carry out semi-structured interviews with used-car dealers in the tsunami-stricken area and unveil why people in the area demanded used cars. For the quantitative analysis, we collected Facebook page communication data and used-car market data before and after the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami of 2011. By combining and analyzing these two types of data, we find that social media communication correlates with people’s activities in the real world. Furthermore, this study suggests that different types of communication on social media have different types of correlations with people’s activities. More precisely, we find that social media communication related to people’s activities for rebuilding and for emotional support is positively correlated with the demand for used cars after the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. On the other hand, communication about anxiety and information seeking correlates negatively with the demand for used cars.     

The Effects of Proposals for Basic Pension Reform on the Income Distribution of the Elderly in Japan

The aging of the population in Japan is a serious problem, and the reform of the public pension scheme is a major political issue. Although the 2004 pension reform was enforced to ensure a sustainable pension system in such an aging society, people remain quite apprehensive about the pension system. Consequently, various sectors have created new proposals for pension reform to overcome these problems, and it has become a recent policy debate. The objective of this article is to prepare projections for the income distribution of households containing elderly people using the Japanese microsimulation model, INAHSIM (Integrated Analytical Model for Household Simulation), and to evaluate the effect of the proposals on the living standards of the elderly. According to the simulation results, the problem of very low pension amounts for the elderly does not appear to be growing. However, changes in co-resident families of the elderly, such as the increase in the number of people living alone, may cause a decline in their standard of living. The author points out the problems of the previously proposed reform plans and proposes an alternative reform plan based on the perspective used in this paper.     

Facebook e-Portfolios for Career Education Focused on Japanese Employment Practice: A Case Study

The authors propose the effectiveness of Facebook functions in the promotion of career education. In recent years, career education in Japanese universities has differed slightly from that in other countries. Japanese students are trained to be competitive in the job-hunting process; they need to obtain the technical skills and knowledge necessary to pass a company entrance examination or a university oral interview. This practice is in stark contrast with the intrinsic meaning of vocational/career education, which is the process by which students acquire the abilities and independence required by a certain industry. This meaning is manifested in the purpose of the career education program of Hokkai-Gakuen University’s Faculty of Business Administration. The program’s purpose is to foster independence in its students rather than the acquisition of skills for the job-hunting process. The professional independence of every student is important to their career development after graduating from the university. On the other hand, it is known that e-portfolios generally encourage students to record and assess their activities. To promote the activities that students tackle in the program, we introduced an e-portfolio using Facebook. This study shows the characteristics and achievements of our e-portfolio.