区域旅游合作的动力系统研究

区域旅游合作组织是区域旅游合作主体合作行为的必然结果,对经济利益的追求是区域旅游合作主体产生合作行为的根本动因。笔者提出区域旅游合作的动力系统主要由引力系统、干扰系统和辅助系统组成。引力系统和干扰系统导致主体之间的合作与竞争行为,在辅助系统的支持和保障下,区域旅游合作就成为现实,其中,引力系统和辅助系统是拉力,干扰系统是阻力,拉力和阻力共同作用于行为主体,形成稳定的区域旅游合作组织。     

基于不完全信息静态分析模型的西部区域旅游合作机制研究

区域旅游合作是区域旅游发展到一定阶段的产物,运用不完全信息静态博弈理论分析了区域旅游合作的动力机制,得出在不完全信息的状态下,区域旅游合作行为能够产生的条件是低成本（对区域B来讲）和p≥C/δA（对区域A来讲）。西部地区进行区域旅游合作的动力来源于区域成本和收益的比较,作为管理主体的政府,其区域旅游合作动力为政府成本和收益的比较,具体表现为政府如何发挥其高效率,为旅游企业创造一个良好的社会环境,因此政府的主要行为就集中在区域政策的调整、政府的管理创新和区域旅游管理等方面;作为市场主体的旅游企业的动力来源于企业利润最大化,因此区域旅游合作主要包括构建以价值链为基础的资产纽带型旅游企业集团和以网络为基础的旅游企业网络平台。     

长三角区域旅游一体化的若干建议

一、长三角区域旅游合作的主要问题 在长三角区域经济合作实践中,旅游业起步最早,认同度高,自1992年,苏浙沪三地旅游管理部门共同举办"江浙沪旅游年"活动至今,两省一市的省级和各城市的政府旅游管理部门为推进长三角区域的旅游合作做了大量的工作,包括旅游市场营销合作、旅游交通协作、旅游人才合作和区域旅游标准一体化研究等.然而,就长三角目前的旅游合作现状来看,相关的联动发展机制仍未实质性地建立,实际运行效果与预期效果有很大差距.主要问题如下:     

陕西区域旅游合作耦合性成长机制研究

陕西区域旅游合作组织形式的创新,取决于组织形式在整个区域旅游经济系统中的扩散效应.作为区域旅游组织形式创新的后续,其扩散程度关系到组织形式创新能否带来经济效益和产业竞争力的提升程度,关系到区域经济竞争增强程度.因此,陕西区域旅游合作成长机制落脚到产业竞争优势,体现的是一种组织力、耦合力和协作力的聚合效应和联动效应.     

陕西区域旅游合作耦合性成长机制研究

陕西区域旅游合作组织形式的创新，取决于组织形式在整个区域旅游经济系统中的扩散效应。作为区域旅游组织形式创新的后续，其扩散程度关系到组织形式创新能否带来经济效益和产业竞争力的提升程度，关系到区域经济竞争增强程度。因此，陕西区域旅游合作成长机制落脚到产业竞争优势，体现的是一种组织力、耦合力和协作力的聚合效应和联动效应。     

特殊区域旅游合作与发展的经验与启示——以粤港澳区域为例

粤港澳大珠江三角洲区域地理环境的整体性和差异性造就了丰富多样、互补性强的旅游资源和旅游产品,经历了30年的旅游合作,探索出了三种旅游合作模式,形成了五个既相互独立又相互联系的次级旅游区域。粤港澳区域旅游合作是其内部特性、层次、结构、水平不同的各次区域之间形成的层次有别、关系密切、结构复杂、内涵丰富的旅游空间体系的过程。其旅游合作的形式和内容包括了旅游资源—产品—市场联合开发、旅游交通—设施—信息系统合作兴建、旅游政策—制度—管理协作交流、旅游人才—技术—资本流动与融合等方面。粤港澳区域旅游合作的成功经验所提供的启示主要有:粤港澳区域的复杂性和差异性是挑战与机遇并存,其旅游合作成效显著;市场机制和政府协调缺一不可;提升、优化与完善是区域旅游合作高级化的必然途径,即发展目标上提升、空间结构上优化和区域功能上完善。     

基于品牌组合理论的区域旅游品牌组合管理研究

区域旅游品牌管理的重点亟需由对单一品牌的管理转向对区域旅游品牌体系的管理。本文引入品牌体系管理研究的最前沿成果——品牌组合理论,探讨了适宜于区域旅游品牌体系特征的区域旅游品牌组合管理的理念、方法、组织,建立了一个区域旅游品牌组合管理的一般理论框架。     

基于品牌组合理论的区域旅游品牌组合管理研究

区域旅游品牌管理的重点亟需由对单一品牌的管理转向对区域旅游品牌体系的管理.本文引入品牌体系管理研究的最前沿成果--品牌组合理论,探讨了适宜于区域旅游品牌体系特征的区域旅游品牌组合管理的理念、方法、组织,建立了一个区域旅游品牌组合管理的一般理论框架.     

基于品牌组合理论的区域旅游品牌组合管理研究

区域旅游品牌管理的重点亟需由对单一品牌的管理转向对区域旅游品牌体系的管理。本文引入品牌体系管理研究的最前沿成果——品牌组合理论，探讨了适宜于区域旅游品牌体系特征的区域旅游品牌组合管理的理念，方法，组织，建立了一个区域旅游品牌组合管理的一般理论框架。     

区域旅游合作的现实基础与途径探讨——以自贡“盐都”、大英“死海”盐文化旅游为例

在区域经济一体化背景下,区域旅游合作成为中国旅游发展的总体趋势。自贡盐都和大英死海都在打造盐文化旅游品牌,这种资源类似地区存在旅游合作的基础,可以采取以政府为主导,旅游管理经营部门密切合作;实施差异化主题定位,发挥整合效应;加大整体营销力度,建立良好的市场运作机制等相应的合作途径,达到区域旅游协调发展。     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。