产业结构调整中金融支持的地区比较

金融结构提升既是金融发展的重要途径,也是产业结构升级及经济实现最优增长的必要条件.本文在分析金融对产业结构升级的作用机制的基础上,试图通过对北京、上海、广东这三个地区不同时期金融结构和产业结构的差异及变动规律,时上述理论进行实证分析,为实现各地区金融结构转变与产业结构升级提出相应的政策建议,进一步丰富金融发展与经济增长的研究成果,有利于实现区域经济的协调均衡发展.     

结构调整优化 提升仍需努力——2011年广东产业变动情况分析

2011年,广东面对复杂多变的国内外形势,牢牢把握＂加快转型升级、建设幸福广东＂的核心任务,大力促进产业结构调整和发展方式转变,着力构建现代产业体系,产业结构调整取得积极进展,区域协调发展进一步加强。产业结构调整取得积极进展2011年,广东地区生产总值增长了10%,实现两位数增长,高于全国0.8个百分点,初步核算经济总量达52673.59亿元,为全国首个跨越5万亿元省份，人均GDP为7787美元，结构调整取得初步成效。     

云南产业结构升级现状及其对策建议

产业结构升级是经济增长的重要推动因素。文章运用三种方法测算了云南产业结构升级水平,从产业结构升级系数、产业结构转换速度、方向等方面对比分析了云南和全国的产业结构升级状况,并提出了云南产业结构升级的对策建议。     

珠三角区域经济安全与产业结构转型升级的对策

面对当前世界经济一体化进程的快速发展，珠江三角洲区域一直有所依赖的比较优势、成本优势、市场竞争力优势正逐步减弱。区域经济增长的约束条件包括能源、资源、环境、和社会和谐已经成为紧约束，以原有产业结构为基础的区域经济增长模式已经达到静态极限，产业结构转型升级日益紧迫。本文对珠三角区域经济安全与产业结构面临的挑战与机遇进行分析，指出产业结构转型升级对区域经济安全的意义，并提出对珠江三角洲区域经济发展有利的产业结构转型升级的主要应对措施及其建议。     

广东承接国际外包的特点、成因及对策

随着国际产业转移重点的变化，中国对外开放领域的不断扩大，近年广东承接国际服务外包发展势头良好。应顺势而上，更多承接国际服务外包，推动产业结构优化升级和经济增长方式的转变，增强自主发展能力。     

我国产业结构升级方向研究--正确处理高级化和协调化的关系

改革开放以来，我国产业结构有了很大的改善，成为经济增长的主要动因，但仍存在许多结构不协调和产业低度化的问题，影响了产业升级。正确地设计了产业升级的方向，将成功地推进国民经济快速健康持续地增长。我国产业升级的方向应使产业结构趋于协调。然后在协调的基础上推进产业升级，实现产业结构协调化和高度化的统一。     

我国产业结构优化升级与经济增长的关系——基于产业结构合理化与高级化

产业结构的优化与经济增长之间存在相互促进关系吗?文章在测量产业结构合理化与产业结构高级化的基础上,构建了产业结构优化和经济增长的计量模型,对我国1984—2014年产业结构优化与经济增长的关系进行实证分析。结果发现:我国经济总量的增长显著地促进了产业结构的优化升级,但是产业结构优化升级对经济增长的促进作用不显著。     

二元结构、内需水平与产业结构效应的或然态势

扩大内需,调整产业结构是解决目前中国经济转型期难题的关键。本文通过建立二元结构、消费支出、产业结构升级三者之间的理论框架,认为产业结构升级的关键在于改变对经济增长方式路径的依赖,打破资源禀赋型、劳动力依赖型等对经济增长路径的锁定效应。通过建立VAR模型对三者进行实证分析,将产业结构升级对消费的影响、二元结构与产业结构升级的相互影响进行量化,认为内需的增长对产业结构升级在34年的经济发展中并没有促进作用。最后得出结论并提出政策建议,通过顶层设计使产业结构升级逐步依靠内需来带动,实现经济由投资、外贸驱动型向需求驱动型的转化。     

工业产业结构高度化水平的区域比较

本文构建了工业产业结构高度化水平评价指标体系，应用该指标体系评价了目前粤、苏、浙、鲁、京5省市的产业结构高度。评价结果显示，体现都市型工业特征的北京地区达到了最高的工业产业结构高度、江苏、广东的工业产业结构高度次之，差距主要体现在产业间结构高度以及产业结构的持续升级能力。山东、浙江的工业产业结构高度化水平较低，其升级重点应分别在于产业链结构高度和产业间结构高度，另外两省尤需尽快提升产业结构升级转换能力。     

高增长背景下的产业结构升级迟滞研究——经验证据与体制解析

推动产业结构优化升级,是中国经济发展中的一项重要战略任务,也是西方发达国家经济发展过程中所经历的必然趋势。但中国当前产业结构特征与其经济发展水平并不相称,以第二产业占GDP比重过高为特征的产业结构升级迟滞的现象依然严重。笔者认为在政府主导的增长模式与中国经济特有体制的约束下,较低层次的产业结构已内生于中国经济增长模式,成为维系高增长的重要动力,同时也异化为产业结构自身向高级化升级的巨大阻力。本文通过构建面板数据模型,运用中国经验数据对上述假设进行了验证,并进一步剖析了中国产业结构升级迟滞的体制性根源,为辩证考察中国产业结构升级的有效路径提供了有益的研究视角。     

Pleasure and belief in Hume's Decision Process

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Globalization,Neoliberalism and the attack on social security

Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Perspective on the Economic Evolution of the European Union States Under the Impact of the Pandemic and Financial-Economic Crisis

The European Union,which is at the beginning of its term of office for all Member States in the European Parliament,the European Commission,its governing body a...     

Neurally reconstructing expected utility

While the concept of “expected utility” informs many theories of decision making, little is known about whether and how the human brain might compute this quantity. This article reviews a series of functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) experiments designed to localize brain regions that respond in anticipation of increasing amounts of monetary incentives. These studies collectively suggest that anticipation of increasing monetary gains activates a subcortical region of the ventral striatum in a magnitude-proportional manner. This ventral striatal activation is not evident during anticipation of losses. Actual gain outcomes instead activate a region of the mesial prefrontal cortex. During anticipation of gain, ventral striatal activation is accompanied by feelings characterized by increasing arousal and positive valence. These findings affirm the role of emotion in the anticipation of incentives, and may provide an initial step towards a neural reconstruction of expected utility.     

Duplication, Growth and ‘Total Return Economics’

Maintenance consumption is an expense recovered in product prices, yet also a source of taste satisfaction which must be exhausted, rather than reinvested, from the capital affording it. This riddle is solved in the duplication rules: the cost of maintenance consumption is recovered in pay and prices, but an equal flow is exhausted from the human capital of the worker earning the pay. The rules impact tradition in several ways. If output is defined in principle as value added, then it cannot also be described as consumption plus net investment without double-counting the maintenance consumption recovered in prices. Also rate of return in the stationary state is not zero, but is the rate sufficient to offset the exhaustion of individual human capital. The rules lead to new insights into economic return, and support an argument that all growth at the scale of closure is due to productivity gain rather than to thrift.