“顾客满意—顾客遗憾”矩阵与“顾客重购倾向”管理

影响“顾客重购倾向”的两种基本因素是顾客满意和顾客遗憾,二者对“顾客重购倾向”的作用机理是完全不同的。可用顾客满意和顾客遗憾这两个顾客心理变量构建一个影响“顾客重购倾向”的“顾客满意———顾客遗憾”矩阵,通过该矩阵企业可以把自己的产品在其中进行对号入座,以便发现企业产品存在的问题,并采取针对性的营销策略来有效控制和影响“顾客重购倾向”。     

消费者重购意向形成影响因素与作用机制研究

维系老顾客,满足顾客的期望,不断增加顾客的重购行为对企业提高市场竞争力具有非常重要的意义。顾客满意、顾客的品牌偏好、顾客的多样化追求倾向、替代品的吸引力和顾客感知的转换壁垒是影响顾客重购的主要因素。同时,在此基础上模仿了电子技术中的并联回路,建立了影响因素的作用机制模型。     

基于顾客满意和顾客忠诚关系的市场细分方法研究

There exist different views and opinions on the links between customer satisfaction and loyalty. This paper suggests that the impact of customer satisfaction on loyalty varies across customers. This study choose the cell phone industry in China as an example and segmented customers with a novel method of clusterwise linear regression, based on the association between customer satisfaction and loyalty. Results revealed sample heterogeneity in relation to the two factors. The loyalty of some subgroups is positively related to satisfaction significantly, while that of other clusters is independent of satisfaction. Translated from Nankai Guanli Pinglun 南开管理评论 (Nankai Business Review), 2005, 8(5): 26–30     

服务行业顾客重购意向的影响因素及其相互关系研究

本文探讨了转换壁垒、顾客感知价值、顾客满意对顾客重购意向的影响作用及其相互关系。以理发行业为研究对象,通过发放问卷收集数据,并运用结构方程分析软件进行了实证性检验,结果发现:顾客满意和顾客感知价值都对顾客重购意向具有直接显著影响;转换壁垒的不同维度对顾客重购意向的影响不同,社会利益对顾客重购意向产生积极的影响作用,转换成本不能增加顾客价值和顾客满意,但会对顾客产生锁定作用。对企业来说,管理者可以增加顾客满意和顾客感知价值来增加顾客重购意向,也可以通过提高顾客对转换壁垒的感知,从而对顾客起到锁定作用。     

How store attributes impact shoppers’ loyalty: do different national cultures follow the same loyalty building process?

This paper takes a first step toward verifying the robustness of a comprehensive loyalty building model across different national cultures, according to Hofstede’s distinction between individualist and collectivist countries. To this end, we test a two-stage model. After collecting data from 12 countries with different cultural traits, we test the two models in two macro groups: individualist and collectivist countries. The study’s results show that the intensity of some core loyalty model paths – particularly the relationships between store loyalty and its main drivers (perceived value and customer satisfaction) – are contingent on the country’s culture. In particular, the impact of customer satisfaction on store loyalty intention is greater in collectivist countries than in individualist countries. By contrast, the impact of perceived value on store loyalty is greater in individualist than in collectivist countries. Moreover, the cultural dimension moderates the impact of the stores’ environment and promotions on satisfaction. By contrast, some other paths show robustness to national culture.     

垄断对顾客购买行为的影响分析

顾客购买行为指顾客满意和顾客忠诚。在静态古诺模型中加入顾客忠诚度这个变量,分析了垄断对顾客忠诚度的影响,从数学的角度证明了垄断与顾客忠诚度负相关;同时提出了垄断系数,以刻画不同竞争环境,并构造了顾客忠诚度关于顾客满意度的函数,以此针对不同产品分析顾客忠诚度和顾客满意度之间的关系。     

移动用户忠诚度影响因素实证分析

在现有研究成果的基础上提出了一个顾客忠诚模型,并使用PLS路径方法对模型进行验证,数据采集于江苏移动的7000位消费者。研究结果表明:企业形象和顾客信任较其它因素对顾客忠诚的形成更为重要;企业形象对顾客忠诚的间接影响较大,其间接路径是企业形象→顾客期望→感知质量→感知价值→顾客满意→顾客信任→顾客忠诚;模型中6个内生隐变量R2的平均值高达0.6。综合考虑:该顾客忠诚模型的PLS路经分析结果可靠有效,对企业具有重要的管理意义。     

Defensive strategies for managing satisfaction and loyalty in the service industry

The investment model is used to predict customer responses to defensive value-added and value-recovery strategies. The two strategies were manipulated under different competitive environments with airline services scenarios in a controlled experiment. Hypotheses were affirmed as value-added and value-recovery strategies influenced customer satisfaction and loyalty with varying sensitivities to the competitive environment and different mechanisms consistent with prediction derived from the investment model. Regardless of value-added strategy and competitive environment, value-recovery strategy strongly and positively influenced customer satisfaction, situational loyalty, and enduring loyalty. Value-added strategy also had a positive effect on customer satisfaction and loyalty, but these effects emerged primarily when a value-recovery strategy was already present, and under conditions of less intense competition. Satisfaction was found to mediate strategic effects on loyalty, with more pronounced effects observed for value-recovery strategy and situational loyalty. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

How managers in the financial services industry ensure financial performance

With the wide prevalence of the balanced scorecard, this study develops and empirically tests a model examining the relations between the customer perspective (relationship bonding tactics, perceived relationship investment, customer satisfaction, trust, commitment and customer behavioural loyalty) and the financial perspective (financial performance). A cross-departmental study in the financial services industry was conducted based on three consumer samples (department of Loans, Deposits, and Credit Cards) drawn from XYZ bank, one of the most famous banks providing merchant banking services in Taiwan. The results show that the customer perspective does have positively significant effects on financial performance, as proposed by the BSC (Balanced Scorecard) and SPC (Service Profit Chain). In addition, the findings suggest that customers purchase financial services according to their perceived relationship to investment retailers, with corresponding bonding tactics, which results in different levels of customer satisfaction and behavioural sequences, and is important in reinforcing customers' trust, commitment, repurchase intentions and corporate financial performance.     

E-retail factors for customer activation and retention: An empirical study from Indian e-commerce customers

Customer satisfaction has emerged as one of the most important factors that guarantee the success of online store; it has been posited as a key stimulant of purchase, repurchase intentions and customer loyalty. A comprehensive review of the literature, theories and models have been carried out to propose the models for customer activation and customer retention. Five major factors that contributed to the success of an e-commerce store have been identified as: service quality, system quality, information quality, trust and net benefit. The research furthermore investigated the factors that influence the online customers repeat purchase intention on the basis of the Means End Chain theory (MEC) and Prospect theory. By hypothesising that a combination of both utilitarian value and hedonistic values are needed to affect the repeat purchase intention (loyalty) positively, Structural equation model has been presented on the primary data collected from the Indian online shoppers. Results indicate the e-retail success factors, which are very much critical for customer satisfaction. By increasing the utilitarian value and hedonistic values derived by the customers, customer satisfaction and hence the customers repeat purchase intention can be increased significantly.     

What influences the relationship between customer satisfaction and repurchase intention? Investigating the effects of adjusted expectations and customer loyalty

This study examines how loyalty influences the relationship between customer satisfaction (CS) and repurchase intention (RPI). Considering the effect of time, the study introduces adjusted expectations, which are expectations updated after consumption experience. The present study investigates the role of adjusted expectations in the CS–RPI link. With structural‐equation analysis, the proposed model was tested in the family‐restaurant setting. The results show that adjusted expectations can mediate the effect of CS on RPI. The results also indicate that processes underlying the CS–RPI link are different between low‐loyalty and high‐loyalty customers. Specifically, the transient route, which reflects the indirect path from CS to RPI via adjusted expectations, has a greater impact for nonloyals than for loyals. On the other hand, the chronic route, which represents the direct path from CS to RPI, has a greater impact for loyals than for nonloyals. CS is found to have no direct influence on RPI for low‐loyalty customers. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

The link between customer satisfaction and loyalty: the moderating role of customer characteristics

This research examines whether trust and commitment mediate the extent to which satisfaction influences loyalty, and whether such mediation is conditional on certain demographic or situational customer characteristics. The findings suggest that assuming homogeneity supports the general notion that trust and commitment partially mediate the extent to which satisfaction influences loyalty. FIMIX-PLS and PLS-MGA analyses substantiate that this mediation differs between two distinct customer segments. The two segments reveal heterogeneity in how trust and commitment partially mediate the link between satisfaction and loyalty. That is, the effect of satisfaction on loyalty is fully mediated by trust and commitment in the segment of customers with high education, whereas satisfaction is partially mediated by trust, but not by commitment, in the other segment of customers with less education.     

Commitment,satisfaction, and customer loyalty: a theoretical explanation of the ‘satisfaction trap’

This paper examines the relationship between satisfaction and customer loyalty and the moderating effects of affective and calculative commitment. The results suggest that while customer loyalty increases monotonically with the enhancement of satisfaction, the marginal effect of satisfaction on customer loyalty actually decreases. Calculative commitment positively moderates the curvilinear relationship of satisfaction and customer loyalty, i.e. enhancing calculative commitment could intensify the relationship between satisfaction and customer loyalty. Affective commitment has no significant moderating effect on the relationship of satisfaction and customer loyalty, but it can directly enhance the customer loyalty. The research findings can help us to explain the phenomenon of the ‘satisfaction trap’.     

Logistic service quality and technology: a comparison between supplier–retailer and retailer–consumer relationships

Physical distribution quality can be considered as a differentiation factor and, in this way, as a source of competitive advantage. Nevertheless, there is neither consensus about its dimensions, or on how it might be influenced by technological solutions. The present paper aims at identifying the main antecedents of logistic service quality, examining the influence of technology on logistic service quality and analysing its effects on firm results in terms of customer satisfaction and loyalty in different levels of the marketing channel. The proposed structural equations model is tested empirically in two different samples: 400 consumers and 304 distributors. For both samples, technology assessment shows a positive effect on logistic service quality and this, in turn, generates customer satisfaction and loyalty.     

关系营销范式下客户份额增加行为研究

关系营销范式日益得到理论界和实业界的认可,同时客户回报计划也已成为一种重要的关系营销手段,然而却没有太多研究着眼于在回报计划实施情形下客户是如何加深与企业关系的。文章将通过建立一个从客户观点出发的过程模型来研究在竞争环境下客户做出增加其客户份额决策时是如何将客户转移成本、服务体验及客户对回报计划的感知价值等因素考虑进决策过程的。结果显示客户份额增加是以客户转移成本为基础,并受到客户所经历的服务体验的调整,且在竞争环境下这种调整相对复杂,同时验证了回报计划对客户份额的增加有积极作用,是企业建立长期客户关系的有效手段。最后讨论了研究结论对企业营销实践的启示。     

The interrelationships among service quality,customer satisfaction,and customer loyalty: Examination of the fast-food industry

The purpose of this study was to use customers’ perspectives to develop a conceptual model for improving service quality and enhancing customer satisfaction and loyalty. The 197 samples were selected from customers of leading fast food franchise enterprises in Taiwan. The research results indicate that service quality positively influences customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. Service quality positively influences customer loyalty through customer satisfaction. The research findings indicate that managers need to ensure they have efficient service quality to enhance customer satisfaction and customer loyalty levels.     

Role of customer orientation in an integrative model of brand loyalty in services

This study attempts to model the development of brand loyalty by examining the simultaneous effects of customer orientation, perceived quality, brand associations, and satisfaction on brand loyalty. Data are used from retail banking and discount store retailing services to examine the direct and indirect effects of customer perceptions of customer orientation and quality on brand loyalty. It was found that customer orientation has a direct effect on brand loyalty and indirect effects through customer satisfaction, perceived quality, and brand associations as mediators. Further, perceived quality has a direct effect on brand loyalty as well as an indirect effect with satisfaction as a mediator. The results suggest that effective management of brand loyalty would require tracking of customer perceptions of a firm's customer orientation, quality and brand, in addition to measuring customer satisfaction.     

M-commerce: The nexus between mobile shopping service quality and loyalty

Whilst M-commerce is having a major influence in the way businesses and consumers interact, mobile shopping service quality (MS-SQ) has been understudied in the literature. This paper examines MS-SQ within a conceptual model of customer satisfaction and loyalty surveying UK customers who bought fashion clothing via their mobile devices. The results of two empirical studies confirm four dimensions of MS-SQ: efficiency, fulfilment, responsiveness and contact. Using bootstrapping of 2000 resamples, SEM results showed a significant impact of MS-SQ on customer satisfaction, which in turn impacts loyalty. These results are robust across two samples. Only the dimension efficiency exhibits an indirect effect on loyalty via satisfaction in both studies whilst controlling for gender, age, income, value of clothing item, and m-shopping experience. These findings are discussed and have managerial implications for retailers operating m-commerce sites.     

Brand loyalty among Norwegian car owners

Obtaining brand-loyal customers has been demonstrated to be vital for profitability and survival of firms. Loyal customers generally have a higher willingness-to-pay and lower price sensitivity compared to other customers. In this article, we study brand loyalty among car owners using empirical data on 35,000 car changes in Norway from 1985 to 2013. In contrast to earlier studies on loyalty within this industry that aimed at revealing the attitudes of customers, our data discuss the actual behaviour. As a supplement to our behaviour data set, we use satisfaction measures produced by Autoindex. Average loyalty, as measured by the consecutive purchase of the same brand, amounts to 26.4%. By including returning customers and measuring the repurchase of the same brand as one of the customer's three previous cars, the average loyalty increases to 36.7%. In general, the most prevalent brands attract the most loyal customers. A logit model is applied to describe the factors that have the strongest influence on brand loyalty. The information obtained by this study is of interest to several parts of the automotive industry value chain. Moreover, the analysis is relevant for researchers conducting attitudinal studies on loyalty and satisfaction by comparing this information to the actual behaviour of customers.     

An integrative model of consumer satisfaction in the context of e‐services

This research examines how customer satisfaction affects its antecedent and outcome variables such as expectation, performance, disconfirmation, word‐of‐mouth, brand loyalty, attribution and repurchase. This research also takes the important integrative step of understanding the consumer behavioural constructs of consumer satisfaction. Although researchers have focused on the antecedents of consumer satisfaction, our integrative model has extended the outcomes of consumer behaviour on consumer satisfaction. Furthermore, this model strongly suggests a positive view of the inter‐relationships between the antecedent variables and outcome variables of satisfaction. In particular, our model is not consistent with Oliver's attribution models in which satisfaction is a consequence of attribution processing. All hypothesized variables were supported by our empirical study. The findings present a variety of guides to formulating marketing strategies for both practitioners and academics.