基于贸易理论视角促进新疆加工贸易发展的实证分析

受经济全球化的影响，国际分工进一步深化，从产品层面延伸到了产品内不同工序层面，传统的比较优势理论和新贸易理论可以解释这种新型产业内分工产生的原因及影响。借助比较优势理论和产业内贸易理论对新疆加工贸易进行理论分析，并以1999--2007年新疆加工贸易出口额为样本，利用Egger（2005）的方法对加工贸易的影响因素进行定量分析，进而得出要素禀赋和规模经济是加工贸易的重要决定因素，并提出充分利用国家相关优惠政策，发挥新疆的比较优势，努力扩大区内区外市场，实现规模经济，优化产业结构，延长价值链，积极改善投资环境。     

跨国公司产品内分工与我国的产业升级

20世纪90年代以来,跨国公司的全球化战略安排已经使产品内分工成为近年来国际分工理论的研究热点,它也是国际贸易理论的最新发展;产品内分工的产生存在诸多原因.我国在国际产品内分工中,相当大部分处于劳动密集型工序或区段,按照动态比较优势原理,应通过提高产品内分工的工序地位促进我国产业升级.     

战略贸易理论浅析

传统贸易理论认为国家之间的分工源自比较优势的差异,而比较优势理论却是建立在与现实相去甚远的完全竞争和不存在规模经济假设上,制约了其理论的适用性。战略贸易理论以更符合现实的假设前提,强调外部性、学习曲线和规模经济,分析了产业内贸易理论发生的原因和效果,为现实中的经济现象提供了更为合理的解释,引导国际贸易政策走出比较优势的长期误区。     

范围不经济与国际贸易的新基础——对国际产品内贸易起因的解释

本文认为,国际产品内贸易可分为产业间的产品内贸易和产业内的产品内贸易,比较优势理论能解释产业间的产品内贸易,但还没有理论能解释产业内的产品内贸易。文章提出的国际贸易新基础,即由厂商管理约束所导致的范围不经济系数较大而最终产品内的中间产品种类数较多是国际产业内的产品内贸易的基础,比较彻底地解释了产业内的产品内贸易,实现了国际贸易理论的创新。同时文章指出,厂商发挥规模经济效应与实现产品内贸易的决策是被"孪生"地决定的,即理性厂商既不能为了发挥规模经济效应而不合理地减少中间产品种类数,也不能不合理地通过增加中间产品种类数来增加总利润,否则总利润就会减少;交易成本较小是国际产品内分工与贸易的必要条件而非充分条件;第三次科技革命是最终产品国际贸易向中间产品国际贸易发展的直接原因。     

东亚主要经济体比较优势状况分析——基于因子分析方法

国际分工除传统的产业分工,产业内、产品内分工也成为各经济体间的分工趋势,学界也一直关注比较优势对国际分工与贸易的影响,都认为各国要基于自身比较优势参与国际生产分工与贸易。本文在总结前人研究的理论基础上,对比较优势的来源进行拓展和归纳,构建比较优势来源的指标体系,在运用因子分析法对指标体系进行处理后,通过SPSS Statistics 20统计软件得到东亚主要经济体比较优势各主要载体的综合得分情况,并对相关状况进行描述分析,最后提出了各经济体在更好地参与东亚区域经济一体化进程中的对策。     

从比较优势到竞争优势

一、我国劳动密集型产品出口在国际分工中的地位 长期以来指导国际分工与交换的比较利益理论强调自然资源和劳动资源相对丰富的比较优势.与此相应,在国际贸易战略上突出劳动密集型产品出口.但是,在当今的国际市场上,劳动密集型产品的比较优势并不一定具有国际竞争优势.首先,劳动密集型产品的国际需求日益减少.     

全球化、要素分工与中国的战略

二次大战后,国际分工的主要形式发生了变化,其特点是各国以各自的比较优势参加国际分工,逐渐形成了以产品为界限的国际分工,即产业间的国际分工。随着国际分工、生产要素国际流动特别是资本流动的深入发展,传统的国际贸易方式与国际合作方式日益融为一体,并表现为贸易投资一体化。我们应利用发展中大国的地位,在WTO的框架内,积极推进贸易、投资自由化的进程,并积极参与区域经济一体化的合作,不断开创开放型经济发展的新局面。     

湖北省主要农产品比较优势分析

国际经济日益一体化是世界经济发展的大趋势,各国根据自己的自然资源、要素禀赋,按照比较优势法则进行生产,参与国际分工.事实证明,各国或地区的生产要素千差万别,各有优势和劣势,要适应国内外市场变化,抓住机遇发展自己相对有利的产业和产品,在市场竞争中占有一席之地,越来越多地取决于是否按照比较优势法则合理调整产业结构与布局,并制定与之相应的战略.     

谈比较优势极限论与比较优势陷阱

根据比较优势极限论,国际分工和规模经济带来的行业产量增加的速度一旦超越世界市场需求增加的速度,产能过剩和贸易摩擦将不可避免。所以,每个国家按照比较优势从事国际分工实际上是有一定的极限的,一旦超越此极限,除加剧贸易摩擦之外,产业之间的"马太效应"显现。传统的比较优势理论仅仅在短期内成立,一国长期按照比较优势理论参与国际分工将陷入比较优势陷阱。     

前沿·数字财富

我国外贸长期以来实行比较优势战略参与国际分工和交换，大量出口劳动密集型产品。随着国际、国内经济形势的变化，比较优势战略已不适应我国未来经济的发展。对外贸易理论应转变为以竞争优势理论为指导，实行现代企业管理制度，发展高新技术产业，实现高新技术向传统劳动密集型产业渗透，由劳动密集型产业向资本密集型、技术密集型产业转化。     

Brown＇s Blossom in Britain-China

The overall strategic relationship between U.K. and China is ＂better than ever＂, China- Britain relations have maintained good momentum, with increased high-level exchanges and the reinforcement of strategic mutual trust, with more room for growth in the future.     

Challenge and Opportunity Go Hand in Hand——What Global Economic Agitation Brings to the China's Economy?

Domino effects of the global finance agitation As the origin of the subprime crisis,US financial institutions lost USS45 billion last year,accounted for over half of the total US,EU & Japan loss.Since January 15th,Chtigroup released its financial statement of the 4th quarter,showing a net deficit of USS9.83 billion,which marked the hisoric high of its quarterly deficit.     

Sinosteel：Extraordinary Moves in Industry Chess

Among the Fortune 500 firms,more and more images from China emerge out.On the 2008 list,Sinosteel Corporation,a landmark group of China industries quietly squeezes into the candidate line.As the largest steel service ＆ trade enterprise,its sales reached at RMB 111.24 billion,with a year-on-year increase of 83.03 percent,and the profit grew by 180.03 percent.On the Sinosteel 2008 Work Meeting,the president Huang Tianwen uttered,＂In the coming year,we will work for US$20 billion sales,and look forward to getting a position in Fortune 500 firms for ourselves.＂     

Walk Through Unusual Five Years—— An Exhibitor＇s Canton Fair Course

When the 103rd Canton Fair is approaching, an old friend of Canton Fair, Li Ying from Jiangsu prov-ince recollected his past five years＇ experiences to the grand trade meeting. Each year is special, with some unforgettable memories colored by the year.     

Jean-Pierre Duprieu： Willing to Be A Legate of Sino-French Business

Estaing, former French president, Valery Giscard d＇Estaing attended Sino-French Economic Seminar held in Shanghai in early April and said that the world center has shifted from the west to the east with many European and US companies entering into Asia, and China has the ability to play an important role in the world stage. Estaing, naming himself＂French Confucian＂, then said in Chinese that a cook-group includes 10 people in ancient Chinese soldier system and the cook is in charge of cooking for them. And people who belong to the same cook are actually ＂Partners＂.     

China''''s Stock Market Wave

The annual meeting of the World Economy Forum was held in Davos,a little town in Switzerland,on January 23rd to the 27th this year,with the theme"the Power fo Collaborative Innovation",over 2500 celebrates from ture political and cconomic circles of more than 80 countries and challengred logether to talk about the future of the global economy in 2008,A Forum for the problems and challenges that face whole world,some of the keywords which drew attention during the event were:the U.S.subprime mortgage crisis,soaring energy prices,the economic slowdown in the U.S.ermerging economic bodies,authority funds and the general unpredictable nature of the global economy.     

Trade Promotion from Neighborhood

If you are considering to trade with companies in Japan or expanding your .business to Japan, we are ready to help from the very beginning.＂ You will find this greeting at the first sight on the Chinese website of Japan External Trade Organization （JETRO）. JETRO has committed itself in delivering highly efficient and quality services to meet the demand of internal and external customs including Japanese companies, hence winning a good reputation in the international trade arena. In recent years, with its priority in advancing business cooperation in South and East Asia, JETRO has made great achievement in promoting trade between China and Japan. Therefore, China＇s Foreign Trade interviewed Mr. Yoichi Maine, Deputy Director General of JETRO BEIJING.     

Auto Parts Market Potential Coming into Surface

Looking at the increasingly fierce competition in the world auto market. global automobile manufacturing industry, taking Europe, the U.S. and Japan as representatives, is gradually forming a new type of relationship, mutual cooperation between whole vehicle and parts manufacturers. We can clearly see that auto parts manufacturers have become independent from the whole vehicle manufacturing companies, which means that the former structure of auto industry has greatly changed, and a new relationship,     

Domino Effect on Electricity and Coal Prices

In the middle of last December, the key purchase contracts for coal used in power generation in 2008 were signed, reflecting a demand for more than 1.085 billion tons. It is important to note that the country＇s five biggest power producers, China Huaneng Group, China Guodian Corporation, China Power Investment Corporation, China Huadian Corporation and China Datang Corporation, had settled on the prices on their purchase contracts, and they are expected to consume 290 million tons of coal for generating electricity,     

Slimmed May Day Holiday

Last November the State Council of China decided to renew its holiday system by reducing the seven-day May Day holiday to three days and introducing three new one-day public holidays, namely the Qingming Festival, Dragon Boat Festival and Moon Festival. By doing so, the three golden-week holidays that were introduced in 1999, namely the Spring Festival, May Day and National Day, could be better distributed.