国际电力体制改革经验及对中国的启发

迄今世界上100多个国家的电力改革实践对我国电力改革有几点基本的启示。(1)电力、经济、资源、政治、社会和文化价值等多方面的起始条件不同,决定了各国改革选择了不同的路径和垂直垄断结构的分拆顺序。没有一个模式是中国可以照搬的。(2)电力改革不仅有特性,而且有共性。我国电力改革在坚持因地制宜原则的同时,必须遵守电力市场改革的共同原则。(3)按照主要的原则,我国下一步改革需要进一步明确改革的多重目的及主次关系,对症施治;加强电网发展,为电力市场提供基本物质保证;着眼于电力市场运作,无论如何分拆必须坚持电网运营与市场参与者相独立的原则。     

人民币升值背景下中国企业发展国际市场策略研究

随着我国改革开放的深入,中国企业在国际市场上地位越来越重要,面临问题也越来越多,人民币升值是其中最重要也是影响最大的问题之一。文章回顾了人民币汇率改革的历程,分析了人民币升值对我国企业的影响,在此基础上,从国际市场进入策略、国际营销策略、成本管理和财务管理等四个方面研究了我国企业如何开拓和发展国际市场,并提出了建议。     

我国知识密集型服务业国际竞争力研究

近年来我国知识密集型服务业的蓬勃发展使人们开始关注其在国际贸易中的竞争力。文章采用RNX和RCA指数定量考察我国知识密集型服务业历年来的国际竞争力变动趋势、知识密集型服务业各个行业的国际竞争力水平,以及与世界其他国家的国际对比情况。     

工作一家庭平衡的企业制度安排

工作已经通过网络渗入家庭,员工面临严重的工作一家庭冲突,影响组织绩效和生活质量。工作一家庭平衡作为企业家庭伦理理论的核心问题已成为制度设计的中心问题。对工作一家庭平衡制度安排的理论与实证研究发现．工作一家庭平衡还没有成为政府、企业和员工的共享信念。制度设计失去社会价值观基础：弹性工作制是有效的正式企业制度;家庭照顾福利是无效的正式企业制度;经理须持之以恒支持员工平衡工作一家庭需要、控制因享用工作一家庭平衡福利而带来的负面职业生涯后果。两者是有效的非正式制度安排。据此提出的政策建议是：政府要在全社会倡导、培育以工作一家庭平衡为核心的企业家庭伦理管理哲学、提供家庭照顾福利作为公共制度供给;企业进行系统的组织文化改造;员工培育照顾家庭的应得权利感。     

Internationalization, Local Adaptation, and Subsidiary's Entrepreneurship: An Exploratory Study on Taiwanese Manufacturing Firms in Indonesia and Malaysia

This inductive research attempts to explore the dynamics of firm internationalization process, with a focus on a manufacturing firm's first-time foreign entry endeavor. By conducting comparative analyses based on six cases of Taiwanese manufacturing firms who have established production bases in Indonesia and Malaysia, we postulate a conceptual framework entailing relationships among entry decision, implementation strategy, and local adaptation. We highlight the role of subsidiary's entrepreneurial initiatives play in achieving required extent of local adaptation and hence successful implementation for companies lacking sufficient experiential knowledge of internationalization. Propositions based on the conceptualization are detailed and the implications of these qualitative insights are discussed, with an expectation of contributing to the extant theories of internationalization.     

中国与世界主要国家电价比较分析

通过对世界部分国家电价进行对比,剖析了我国在上网电价、输配电价、终端销售电价以及电力与其他能源产品比价方面存在的问题,认为我国电价总体水平偏低,需要适时调整电价水平和电价结构,尽快形成独立的输配电价。     

城乡劳动力市场一体化的条件：基于制度变迁的视角

城乡劳动力市场由分割走向一体化是重大的制度变迁过程,其实质是政府、企业、城乡劳动力多方的利益博弈过程。从制度变迁的角度看,城乡劳动力市场一体化的条件在于外部利润的存在以及各利益集团的成本-收益比较。要加快城乡劳动力市场一体化进程,必须从这些条件的影响因素着手。     

环境治理中政府机制有效性的制度分析

长期以来,传统观点一直认为,当环境治理的市场机制与社会机制失灵时,利用政府机制可以有效弥补二者的缺陷。然而,环境治理的政府机制是否总是有效,在环境治理的理论研究中,很少有涉及到对此问题的深入研究。通过利用制度分析的框架对环境治理中政府机制的作用机理、有效性、作用条件等展开了广泛的探讨,并就提高政府机制在环境治理中的有效性,给出了具体对策。     

"入世"后中国建筑业国际工程承包中的信息管理

本阐述了“入世”前建筑业国际工程承包存在的问题，及面临“入世”后建筑业国际工程承包面临的挑战，并提出中国应对“入世”国际工程承包中的信息管理措施。     

基于国际比较视角的高新技术企业融资与绩效研究

金融是现代经济的核心,促进科技和金融结合对于转变经济发展方式和经济结构战略性调整具有重要意义。因此,高新技术企业的融资问题成为创新驱动发展战略实施的关键性因素。本文从总结发达国家构建多层次融资平台支持高新技术企业发展的经验出发,运用生命周期理论实证分析我国高新技术制造企业在不同生命周期中的融资顺序和结构对企业绩效的影响。结果发现,高新技术企业融资方式与其生命周期不匹配,说明高新技术制造企业在融资渠道选择方面有待改进,进一步研究还发现,政府扶持资金效率有待提高,迫切需要构建多层次融资平台支持高新技术企业发展。     

国际石油合作项目现场管理初探

国际石油合作项目的现场管理,是施工第一线的基础性管理,对项目成败起着关键性作用。在介绍国际石油合作项目现场管理特点的基础上,从人员管理、设备管理、材料管理、HSE管理、质量管理、关系管理等六个方面详细阐述了现场管理体系,最后给出了几点国际石油合作项目现场管理中应注意的问题.     

重组改制后石油物资供应部门实施标准监督的有效模式

指出重组改制后，在石油物资供应部门实施标准监督已成为当务之急，应建立一套有效模式：建立完善的实施标准监督机构，提高全员的标准化意识，建立物资技术标准、管理标准、工作标准“三位一体”的监督体系，开展行之有效的标准化监督检查活动。     

Foreign Expansion by Italian Manufacturing Firms in the Nineties: an Ordered Probit Analysis

This paper develops an index of internationalizationcommitment or foreign expansion index(FEI) of the firm. The FEI integrates variousdimensions of commitment tointernationalization that, although interrelated,have usually been analyzed independently, i.e.exports, foreign penetration operations (suchas foreign commercial agreements, sales outletsabroad and so on) and FDI. Because of itsprominent inter-firm relationships andNorth-South discrepancies, this study focuseson Italy, constructing FEIs for each of some4,000 firms for three periods characterized bydifferent exchange rate regimes. Thedeterminants of FEI in each period are studiedat both the macro and micro levels, the latterthrough the use of an ordered probit model. Thefindings suggest that: (a) firm size,inter-firm relations, innovation capabilities,location and technology are all highly significantdeterminants of FEI, but their relative impacton the foreign expansion is influenced by theexchange rate regime; and (b) although still lowand especially so in the South, Italy's FEIshave risen somewhat during the 1990s.     

Getting there in a global industry: Impacts on performance of changing international presence

We investigate the effects of increasing and decreasing international presence on market share and survival in the American medical diagnostic imaging equipment industry. Imaging equipment manufacturers possessing international medical operations tend to achieve superior market share and longer survival, but we find that attempting to become an international medical player is risky. Both increasing and decreasing international presence have negative associations with survival, while decreased internationalization is associated with decreased American market share. Brief case studies suggest that the ingredients for success in internationalization may include preparedness, focused management, and learning from international experience.     

国际石油合作分成模式经济评价研究

中国石油消费日益增长 ,与资源的矛盾日益突出 ,中国石油石化企业进行国际石油合作势在必行。研究了国际石油合作项目投资、工作权益、项目操作费、合同费用、分成模式及效益评价等。并应注意国际石油合作项目为风险投资 ,还须考虑资源国的经济状况和文化背景等。     

Diverging expectations in buyer-seller relationships: Institutional contexts and relationship norms

Many firms assume that outsourcing partnerships may allow them to strengthen their overall competitiveness. Lured by its intuitive appeal, several enter into such partnerships, only to realize that they represent a marginal rather than a magical solution to their quest for increasing market performance. An important reason for this is the diverging beliefs and expectations held by both parties in the buyer-seller dyad. The purpose of this contribution is to develop a framework for understanding the divergences in expectations and relationship norms in cross-cultural business relationships among SMEs. We discuss four relational expectations derived from the B2B literature on relational norms for addressing these divergences: Quality, frequency and scope of communication, role specifications and coordination of work nature of planning horizons, and trustworthiness and link these to relationship performance. We explore the proposed impact of diverging relationship norms on relationship expectations using data from an ongoing field study of Danish buyers and Chinese suppliers. We link these diverging expectations to the business practices of Danish buyers and Chinese and their institutional contexts. In the concluding part of the paper, we discuss our findings and outline implications for management and academia.     

国际贸易中的知识产权滥用及其表现形式论析

在国际贸易中,因知识产权滥用而导致的知识产权纠纷时有发生。我国学者对知识产权滥用这一问题的认识并不一致,主要有否定说、狭义说和广义说三种代表性观点。在广义理解的基础上,对我国企业在对外贸易中遭遇的知识产权滥用的具体表现形式进行了简要的归纳和分析。     

产品内国际分工与中国产业结构优化升级的相互影响分析

20世纪80年代以来,中国在参与产品的国际化生产与协作的过程中,不仅带来了国际贸易方式的重大改变,也使得产业结构优化升级的内涵和表现形式发生了变化,而这种改变进一步影响了中国产品内国际分工的地位。本文在构建一国参与产品内国际分工程度和产业结构优化程度指标的基础上,定量分析两者相互影响程度,得出：一国参与产品内国际分工程度越深,该国产业结构优化程度越高;产业结构越优化,其产品内国际分工地位越高。     

Business networks and retail internationalization: A case analysis in the fashion industry

The paper presents different theoretical perspectives on the issue of business networks and their role in the process of internationalization. With regard to methodology, a specific case study is conducted of a vertically integrated firm in the fashion supply chain, which has implemented branding and retailing strategies in international markets. The case analysis, which is the result of a longitudinal study conducted over several years, aims at an in depth analysis of the extent to which business relationships represent a learning context involving opportunities/constraints in the internationalization process. The paper outlines the relationship between the specific business model, the international patterns followed, and business relationships. Three research questions are posed and discussed. Some final remarks on the relationships between business networks and international retail expansion conclude the work.     

Determinants of Monitoring Capabilities in International Franchising: Foodservice Firms within East Asia

This paper undertakes an exploratory study on determining capabilities of international franchising within East Asia. There is a need to develop a deeper understanding in franchising within East Asia as much of the franchising literature is based on the U.S. experience. Findings from this paper indicate that international franchisors use a combination of mechanisms to prevent franchisee opportunism in East Asia. They include ex-ante bonds, performance schedules and formal controls in brand management. However, the effectiveness of these mechanisms depend on the capabilities of the franchisor to negotiate a high initial franchise fee, select the right franchisee and make adaptation but still maintain brand integrity.