Environment investment： transition from end-investment to multi-investment

Environmental investment must change its direction from end-investment to multi-investment, such as ecological construction, recycling economy and environmental protection. Only it can meet the needs of breaking the bottleneck of resources and environment for Chinese sustainable development. And the transition can hero us realize low-ost and highspeedy increasing of economy, as well as the construction of ecological health, beautiful environment economic development and harmonious new society. Material recycling in ecosystem can run well by self-organization and self-regulation by nature with low-cost and even non-cost. So, the environmental investment in ecological construction should be the profits maximum investment. But it needs country＇s support in financial policy on ecological or environmental compensation. Recycling economy is a brand-new pattern of economic growth, which formed gradually in the course of mankind exploring and practicing sustainable development. Fountainhead prevention, reducing and whole processing control are its significant characteristics, which are digerent from any former economic and environmental protection system. Investing in technology development and relevant industry of recycling economy should be the other major field of environment investment in China in the future.     

A ＂Paradox＂ in China＇s Environmental Management： An Argument From a Comparative Study on Waste Recycling Policies Between China and Japan

China appears to have a ＂paradox＂ in its environmental management policies. For example, China＇s recycling policies appear paradoxical. With its rapidly expanding economy, China is now the world＇s largest emitter of urban waste. Under such a situation, China is aiming to build up a recycling economy by enacting a number of related laws. Despite the development of waste recycling regulations, however, the load on the environment by continuously increasing waste has not reduced in China so far. What explains this seemingly paradoxical situation of waste recycling in China？ It has been pointed out in the previous study on China＇s climate change policies that environment protection falls under the rubric of sustainable development in China. The question here is whether the same story can be applied to areas other than climate change in China＇s environmental management. This paper examines it in the area of its waste recycling policy. This paper conducts an evaluation of waste recycling regulations in China by comparing it with the experience of Japan, China＇s next-door advanced country. It concludes that the waste recycling regulations in China do not primarily aim at reducing the environmental load by reducing the amount of waste but rather for the main purpose of recycling and reusing resources effectively for the sake of economic development.     

Index system for assessing ecological stability of circular economy industrial chain of electronic industry and its empirical study

With the development of science and technology and the rapid growth of productive forees new and high technology industries have. For example, computer, mobile phone, etc. are increasingly popular, especially hi-tech products updating more and more quickly, which has initiated some problems： resources depletion, environmental pollution, ecosystems damage, etc. While people are enjoying convenient and comfortable life from hi-tech, they are worrying about quantities of e-wastes discharged.In order to reduce the amount and harm of e-wastes, this paper starts from the connotation of the ecological stability of circular economy electronics industry chain （CEEIC, for shorO, uses the food chain principle for reference to describe the links and connection of the electronics industry chain, and selects factors from the three link： production, consumption and recycle to construct indexes system based on their characteristics, with which a scientific evaluation is carried on for CEEIC by using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.     

云南花卉产业发展中若干问题的探讨

A few problems exist in flower industry development in Yunnan province. The key problem is flower production with sell set in system unqualified, product quallty problem; wrong model in specification of quality in product, undeveloped and developed technology of quality standard system hasn‘t been used. To change present condition, combining local present condition, we can enhance the macroscopic management and put forward to peasant the policy suggestion to guide the development of Yunnan province flower industry.     

Optimization and competition promotion of industrial structure in Blue Shandong Peninsula Economic Zone

Blue economic zone is a typical regional economic mode,which is specially characterized by marine economy and has multiple economic types coexisting and interacting through integrating marine and land resources.With the continuous progress of science and technology,marine economy as a strategy to promote economic development is approved in many countries.The Blue Shandong Peninsula Economic Zone（BSPEZ） reflects the local demands of economic development,and its upgrading and enhancing competitiveness of the industrial structure is also of obvious significance for enhancement of the development of eastern China and the national marine economy.This paper thinks that the BSPEZ has many advantages,such as unique marine economy,growing high-tech industries,more and more mature industrial system,advancing technological innovation,and outstanding big enterprises,large projects and regional bright brands,but it is also facing problems of low industry cluster,similar industrial structure with each other,still weak technological innovation.So we put forwards the basic approaches to upgrade and enhance the industrial structure：transforming and upgrading the traditional marine industries with advantages,accelerating the development of new marine industries and high-tech industries,integrating marine and land industry,and promoting the rational system arrangements.     

The Scenario of Lean Product Development in Brazilian Auto-industry

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of lean product development （LPD） in the Brazilian automotive sector. A mailed-questionnaire survey was used to examine 23 questions about LPD principles and practices. The target population for the study was Brazil＇s largest product development and design companies. The study identified that although the automobile sector is seen as a reference in the adoption of lean practices, there is still potential for improvement by establishing partnership relations with suppliers, and with those on the other points of the chain by identifying what provides value to clients. Set-based concurrent engineering is also a practice that needs to be better developed, as well as the value stream mapping tool to identify waste and activities that add value to the product development process. There has been no previous study of this nature in Brazil that characterizes the sector and highlights its importance in relation to the global scene, providing incentives to international investors. The value of the work is in the results that allow diagnosing the lean development practices that are most used in the automotive sector. Moreover, the survey questions can be applied in other economic sectors and at companies of other sizes. The study contributed to providing a systematic view of the product development process from the perspective of people, processes, and technology, and assists companies and academics manage change.     

Present situation and countermeasure research of economic structure of Shaanxi Province

Economic structure is a significant factor impacting economic growth and economic growth quality. In this paper, the present status of economic structure of Shaanxi Province is analyzed, and available primal problem is indicated. There have been a lot of problems in economic structure of Shaanxi Province, mainly including slow tertiary industry development, comparatively grave unbalance of light and heavy industries proportion, lagged development in high and new technology industries, high industry convergence degree, low scale effect, slow agriculture expanding and so on. Meanwhile, homologous countermeasure is given in this text： we should develop tertiary industry with tourism as the leading role energetically to promote industrial hierarchy, impulse structural rationalization of foreign trade through international cooperation and competition, accelerate the industrialization, promote industrial structure upgrade, develop the high and new technology industries quickly, accelerate the promotion of industry scale effect and expedite expansion of industry colony. We should also develop superior industry, reduce industry convergence degree, and develop the agriculture energetically to promote the industrialization and modernization of agriculture. These points are given in the interest of supplying gist and reference to government in industrial structure adjusting and policy making.     

Scenario analysis of low carbon development in Tianjin, China

Low-carbon economic development has become a.fundamental approach to coordinating economic development and carbon emissions mitigation. As rapid developing economic, aviation and navigation, and financial center of North China. Tianjin＇s energy demand and CO2 emissions are mushrooming, with per capita CO2 emission from fossil fuel combustion exceeding 20 t in 2020, which much exceeds current level of USA. In the background of global responding to climate change, China will likely be requested to commit peaking its GHG emissions during 2020-2030, which will inevitable reduce the room of development in Tianjin enormously. Tianjin should make deployment ahead, realizing win-win of addressing climate change and sustainable development, with low-carbon economic development as important strategic mission. First of all, Tianjin should devote more efforts to reducing energy intensity and realizing relative emission reduction. Scenario analysis shows that Tianjin＇s future CO2 emissions will continue to increase rapidly, but they can be significantly reduced by taking measures. Second, Tianjin should get ready for achieving absolute reduction of CO2 emissions as soon as possible, preparing system, technology and talent in advance, making great efforts to establish institutional meehanisms conducive to low-carbon development from now on. starting from energy conservation and emission reduction, actively carrying out low-carbon technology research and development, vigorously developing the tertiary industry with low emissions, developing new and renewable energy resources, actively promote low-carbon consumption.     

An important way to build a new socialistic countryside： developing circular economy

It was put forward in the Fifth Session of Sixteenth Central Committee of the Party that ＂it is a great historic mission on the path for China to modernization to construct new socialistic countries＂, and that ＂according to the requirements of developing production, ample life, civilized countryside climate, clean countryside, democratic management, urban and rural social and economic development should be unifiedly planned, modern agricultural construction should be promoted, rural reform should be deepened all round, rural public service should be advanced, and peasants＇ income should be increased by all means.＂ Some time ago Premier Wen Jiabao pointed out that problems about the carrying capacity of resources and environment, for example the decrease of arable land, the lack of freshwater and eco-environmental deterioration, will be tough challenges to agricultural development in China. According to the requirement of constructing economical society and environment friendly society, agricultural circular economy should be advanced to lengthen service life of limited agricul- tural resources. In fact, this is congruous with the policy of developing agriculture by ＂Scientific Concept of Development＂. The spirit of the Fifth Session of Sixteenth Central Committee of the Party and Premier Wen Jiabao＇s speech will guide us to the direction of constructing new socialist countries, From the practice of developing agricultural circular economy, circular economy can be applied to expansive rural areas and is of great significance.     

Economic principles and fundamental model of the sustainable utilization of ecological resources

1. Introduction The mainstream of present economy is the green eco-economy, including green products, green production, green consumption, green market, green industry, and so on. These are the concrete demands of sustainable development for economic life. With the development of economy, society and science and technology and the increase of the population, the abundant ecological resources become more and more scarce [1]. So the quantity and quality of eco- logical resources can’t increasin…     

实施企业生态工程,促进循环经济的发展

继工业文明后,生态文明是一种正在生成的发展的文明范式,它是人类文明发展的又一个新的高级阶段。而实施企业生态工程,发展循环经济,是构建生态文明,实现工业与经济社会良性发展的重要途径。这要求在宏观上发展循环经济加快产业生态化,构建工业企业实施生态工程的动力机制及其政策,在微观上建设生态工业园区推进工业企业实施生态工程的实施。     

基于高新表面技术的再制造产业发展初探

本文对高新表面技术在发动机再制造产业发展中的作用进行了初步研究。结果表明,运用高新表面工程技术可以使旧发动机中62%的失效零件得到修复,而且修复后的表面性能优于新品。先进表面工程技术在发动机再制造中的应用提高了废旧品利用率,降低了再制造成本,不仅使企业获得了经济效益,还为国家节能、节材、保护环境做出了贡献。研究结果还表明,以再制造方式实施发动机整机水平的循环利用,其节能效益和环境保护效益最佳,再制造1万台废旧发动机可节约电1．45×10~8 kWh,减少CO_2排放0．6 kt,同时,可使发动机的旧部件回收利用率由72．3%提高到90%。     

循环产业集群共生联盟稳定性设计——基于利益分配视角

循环产业集群是低碳经济背景下最佳产业组织模式,对实现国民经济的可持续发展具有重要意义。文章分析了循环产业集群的内涵及功能特征,指出循环产业集群模式是当前中国产业经济与生态环境和谐发展的现实选择。作为一种高级的产业组织模式,循环产业集群的构成是极为复杂的,实际的运行存在着很多变数,这其中由于联盟利益分配不均的原因而导致循环产业集群供应链运作低效率,甚至解体的实际风险尤为突出,利润分配机制是循环产业集群高效率运作和持久存在的关键。针对这一问题,本文运用多人合作对策博弈论构建循环产业集群联盟利益分配模型,并进行相应的数理分析。结果表明,由于合作对策模型体现了各联盟企业之间的相互影响（竞争与合作）,分配结果较传统方法更为合理,可以较好地平衡循环产业集群内各企业的利益关系,增强循环产业集群共生联盟的稳定性。     

农业循环经济发展对策研究——以河南省固始县为例

固始县作为河南省农业经济较为发达、工业经济开始起步的农业大县,依托农产品资源形成了以农产品加工为主导的产业结构,开展涉农循环经济,在河南具有较好的示范意义。在分析固始县农业循环经济发展现状的基础上,遵循循环经济和生态农业理念,以减少资源消耗、降低废物排放、提高资源利用效率为目标,提出了构建固始县农业循环经济体系的理念和模式,从发展构建农业循环经济链条、健全农业循环经济服务体系等几个方面提出了具体的措施。     

黑龙江省第三产业发展现状及对策

黑龙江省近几年对第三产业发展逐渐重视，提升第三产业比重，不仅可以促进黑龙江省经济发展，而且可以解决老百姓就业问题。已经成为振兴黑龙江省经济的必然趋势，因此，对其进行政府的宏观调控和引导是非常有必要的。为了加速发展黑龙江省的第三产业，根据其经济发展的具体情况，可以采取如下措施：完善地方性法规，深化体制改革；优化第三产业内部结构，发展劳动密集型的第三产业；区分不同类型城市，改善第三产业区域不均状况；加大对高科技和人才的重视。     

面向循环经济的企业技术战略与技术创新转型

在技术层面上,循环经济是一种新的技术范式。技术范式的转换要求技术战略和技术创新做出相应调整。技术战略的调整主要包括技术选择、技术方法论和技术理念。从跨越技术创新陷阱的角度,本文分析了循环经济下两组基本的技术创新形式:渐进性创新和根本性创新、产品创新和过程创新。本文认为,作为技术创新的主体,企业应该按照发展循环经济的要求,积极围绕"3R"原则,通过各种形式的技术创新,构建企业竞争优势。     

中国新型工业化与资源环境管理

新型工业化强调通过现代技术不断深度开发和广度拓展自然资源在工业生产过程中的利用价值,实现资源利用的高效率和可持续利用,使中国工业从资源消耗型转变为资源节约型和技术导向型."环境成本内化"发展模式的构建是新型工业化的内在要求,它具体包括:建立"成本内化"的科技创新体系;大力发展循环经济,制定和完善促进循环经济发展的法律法规体系;探索新的城市发展模式,强化城市区域生态建设和环境治理.     

基于循环经济的产品生命周期分析

循环经济理念是各行各业制定"十一五"规划的重要指导思想.企业经营中,必须以循环经济为指导,更新经营观念,重新审视产品.本文从循环经济的角度探讨了产品生命周期再造问题;并通过对产品生命周期各个阶段的"循环"分析,探讨了实现减量化、再利用、再循环的思路.为企业提高资源利用效率,促进循环经济的发展提供了参考.     

广西电子废弃物回收对策分析

广西经济的快速发展促进了电子产品的需求与消费增加,电子产品更新速度的加快,使得广西电子废弃物迅速增加,对广西循环经济和旅游业发展的影响开始凸显。通过实地调研了解广西电子废弃物回收渠道与回收政策法规的制订情况,根据广西1990年到2006年的电子产品拥有量数据的统计分析与处理,分析了电子废弃物规模扩张的主要原因。针对广西电子废弃物的回收处理现状,总结了广西电子废弃物回收处理存在的主要障碍：广西电子废弃物总量分布不确切;对电子废弃物的潜在价值和危害认识不足;民间作坊处理技术的落后以及相关政策法规的不健全。针对广西电子废弃物回收处理现状和存在的问题,在借鉴发达国家和台湾地区回收处理电子废弃物的经验基础上,提出广西电子废弃物回收处理的对策建议。     

苏州市低碳经济产学研合作创新基地建设模式研究

建立低碳经济产学研合作创新基地,已经成为苏州市引领国内技术创新、亟需完成的重要工程。基于对苏州市"人才挤出"和"科技吸附"效应的预期,设计了低碳经济产学研合作创新基地"三阶段"建设模式,并分别对创新基地"三阶段"的职能定位和组织结构进行了设计,最后从研发方向选择、软环境建设、投融资体系建设、政产学研联盟建立等方面提出建设路径。