小麦薄层变温干燥工艺试验研究

利用自行研制可自动检测和控制干燥参数的谷物薄层干燥试验台,采用不同的风速、热风温度组合和加热时间及配套的工艺流程,进行小麦薄层变温干燥正交试验,研究了不同干燥因素对小麦品质和能耗的影响,通过极差分析和方差分析确定了小麦薄层变温干燥的最优工艺流程。研究结果表明,采用先低温后高温再低温的小麦变温干燥工艺的效果显著优于恒温干燥工艺,即45℃／60min＋55℃／60min＋45℃,既可以保证小麦的干燥品质又可以提高干燥效率。     

中国稻谷干燥技术设备的发展现状与展望

概述了中国稻谷干燥技术设备的现状,重点介绍了连续式顺逆流稻谷干燥系统的工艺流程、干燥机结构、配套机械设备、电控系统、热风炉的配置及其它新技术的应用,并对中国稻谷干燥技术设备发展前景进行了展望：     

香蕉片的微波干燥特性试验研究

试验利用微波干燥技术对香蕉片微波干燥水分特性进行了研究。通过微波干燥香蕉片的微波功率和香蕉切片厚两个单因素试验结果分析出微波功率比香蕉切片厚度对香蕉片干燥特性的影响更为显著。并采用了4个常用的薄层干燥模型对不同微波功率下的香蕉片干燥过程进行拟合,通过干燥模型拟合程度的有关优劣性评价指标得出用于香蕉片干燥过程的分析预测时的最佳干燥模型Midilli模型。     

粮食干燥技术简述(续七)

(接 2 0 0 2年第 4期 )　　　　　　6.5　粮食干燥特性曲线在对流热力干燥时 ,干燥介质的温度、速度及相对湿度、粮层厚度及粮层状态 ,粮粒本身的特性等 ,都对干燥过程有显著影响。不同条件下 ,反映出不同的干燥特性 ,因此 ,很难用一个统一的公式来计算粮食干燥过程 ;若用统一公式 ,则给设计粮食烘干机带来许多不便。目前 ,设计粮食烘干机是根据不同形式的烘干机的实验数据 ,以及经验公式来确定干燥时间。至于热量及风量的计算 ,根据平衡方程式算出。为了进一步弄清不同状态下的粮食干燥过程 ,将分别讨论不同条件下的粮食干燥特性曲线。6.5 …     

涂膜干燥时间测定技术及其应用

涂膜的干燥往往需要一定的时间，才能保证最终形成固体涂膜的质量，因而干燥时间的测定是涂料常规性物理检验的一个重要方面。本文介绍了国内外一些常用的涂膜干燥时间的测定方法及测试仪器。     

粮食机械干燥系统节能减排途径分析

简要介绍了我国粮食机械干燥系统的现状。通过对干燥系统热能耗和废弃物排放分析,提出了具体的节能减排措施。     

粮食干燥技术现状与发展思路探讨

在国内外粮食干燥设备现状分析的基础上,探讨了粮食干燥技术发展过程中存在的主要问题,提出了粮食干燥技术发展战略思路及建议,并简要介绍了粮食低温真空干燥新技术新设备的发展情况.     

节能环保技术在顺逆流粮食干燥系统中的应用

简要介绍了我国粮食烘干技术发展现状,顺逆流粮食烘干系统的基本特点及技术优势。分析了节能、环保技术在顺逆流粮食干燥系统中的应用情况。     

节能减排技术和措施在粮食干燥系统中的应用

粮食机械化干燥是粮食储运领域的主要耗能环节,简要分析了机械化粮食干燥系统热损耗途径和废弃物构成,提出了具体的节能减排技术和措施。     

稻谷薄层干燥及吸湿性研究进展

介绍了谷物薄层干燥方程主要类型及特点，简要回顾了稻谷薄层干燥方程研究的历史，详细论述了近几年稻谷薄层干燥及吸湿特性的研究进展，文章最后指出我国应当加强对稻谷薄层干燥特性的研究。     

配合一种新型粮食烘干工艺的钢板烘后仓技术改造

在参考学习国际研究的基础上,提出对粮食烘干作业中烘后仓加以钢板仓技术改造的工程设计做法。新设计的钢板仓增强了保温性能,增加了通风设施,配合烘干机技术指标的调整,可以达到大幅提高烘干机的粮食烘干能力,提高烘干机效率和燃料利用率,改善烘后粮食品质的目的。     

用节能减排新技术改造现有粮食干燥机

针对东北地区粮食干燥机系统能耗高、污染重的现象，对现有的塔式粮食干燥机系统考察分析，研究开发了节能减排新技术，采取尾部干燥段和冷却段废气回收、烟气余热利用、设备保温处理和更换高效换热器等措施，在多个示范库点进行了实施，经过生产使用，收到了明显的节能减排效果。换热器进风口的平均风温比大气温度提高了30℃以上；排烟温度降低了30℃以上；节煤10％以上；废气中的皮屑和粉尘回收率可达80％以上。既节约了资源，又保护了环境。     

The Effects of Energy Cost Labelling on Appliance Purchasing Decisions: Trial Results from Ireland

Household failure to minimize the total costs of energy-consuming investments has become known as the “energy efficiency gap.” This paper explores if this is partly the result of imperfect information related to future energy costs. We test this hypothesis by adding 5-year consumption cost labels to the tumble dryer lineup of four outlets of an Irish electrical retailer. Although we observe a reduction in the average energy consumption of dryer sales, our analysis does not show a statistically significant effect. However, we highlight a number of experimental limitations in our trial which potentially undermine this treatment effect. In addition, mixed findings from previous research suggest that further trials should be conducted before “lifetime” energy cost labelling is removed from potential policy options to increase the energy efficiency of household appliances.     

辽宁地区电机无功补偿节能技术应用

为更好地提高企业用电运行的工作效率,通过安装新型低压无功补偿控制器,可有效解决粮库集中及分组补偿风机等设备使用寿命短、补偿精度低等短板.试验结果表明：使用该节电器风机的综合节电率可提高15％,电机功率因数大幅提高,基本实现准量补偿,企业用电效率大幅提升.     

Europe’s Path Towards the Socio-Ecological Transition

Beset by an unprecedented combination of challenges including globalisation, demographic shifts, high unemployment and climate change, Europe is in dire need of a new kind of growth and development strategy. The authors of this Forum make compelling arguments for a socioecological transition, in which traditional measures of progress like GDP growth are downplayed in favour of factors such as social inclusion, environmental welfare, high levels of employment and the well-being of European citizens. This Forum explores some of the issues that must be resolved in order to fully achieve the socio-ecological transition, including the necessary decoupling of non-renewable energy use from GDP growth, the reduction of income and wealth inequalities, and the encouragement of innovation that is not based on fossil fuel technology. The Forum presents an optimistic path forward for the continent, with practical policy solutions that do not ignore the many obstacles facing a successful transition.     

粮食烘干机设计参数的简单计算

在粮食烘干机设计过程中,通过对烘干机单位热耗的合理取值,能够简化计算过程,提高设计工作效率。     

基于可持续发展能力的省域边界区城市旅游可持续发展机制研究

城市旅游的可持续发展能力提升,客观上要求实现城市旅游的发展度、协调度和持续度的有机结合。城市旅游系统是一个由众多要素组成,以城市空间为依托,以游客流为核心,包括资金流、物质流、能量流、文化流等的空间网络系统。行政边界屏蔽效应的客观存在严重阻碍了城市旅游流系统各"子流系统"的有效运行,阻碍边界区城市旅游业的可持续发展。省域边界区应通过外部的"顺势与借势"和内部的"育势与运势"的有机结合,寻求当地城市政府、旅游企业和中介组织等行为主体作为质量提升途径,不断突破行政边界造成的屏蔽效应,来实现边界区城市旅游业的可持续发展。     

新型数控式浅圆仓布粮机应用效果研究

采用新型数控式布粮机进行浅圆仓入仓装粮试验,并对入仓玉米相关参数指标进行测定。主要包括：杂质分布和粮堆表观风速等指标。试验结果表明：通过对杂质和粮堆表观风速的测定,该布粮机使粮堆杂质分布较为均匀,较好的解决了浅圆仓杂质聚集的问题。     

An Economic Analysis of Requirements to Prevent Handheld Hair Dryer Water Immersion Electrocutions in the USA

Before 1987, when handheld hair dryers were not required to protect against water immersion electrocutions, there were almost 16 such electrocutions annually in the USA. This article presents a retrospective evaluation of the benefits and costs of the 1987 and 1991 immersion protection requirements of the voluntary hair dryer safety standard in the USA. The benefits are based on estimates of the reduced risk of electrocution resulting from the requirements, and the valuation of the reduced risk derived from willingness to pay studies of the “value of statistical life” found in the economics literature. The costs were defined as the incremental costs associated with incorporating the immersion protection technology into handheld hair dryers. The study found that the requirements were highly effective and may have reduced the immersion-related mortality rate by almost 97%. The expected present value of the estimated benefits of the requirements amounted to about $4.56 per dryer in 2014 dollars and substantially exceeded the costs of about $2 per dryer. The primary outcome measure, the expected net benefits (i.e., benefits minus costs) of the requirements, amounted to an average of about $2.56 per hair dryer, over the hair dryer’s expected product life. Given sales of about 23 million handheld hair dryers annually, the present value of the expected net benefits associated with 1 year’s production would have amounted to about $58.9 million. A sensitivity analysis showed that the major findings were robust with respect to changes in the underlying parameters of the analysis. The study also discusses the factors leading to a high rate of effectiveness estimated for the immersion protection requirements.