共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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技术Information Technology127-129TP311.13I1389I;I1 相似文献
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Feminist economists identify reciprocity as a motivation for both paid and unpaid caring work. In general, reciprocity describes people responding to each other in similar ways, either benevolently or harmfully. The quality of care is potentially increased when care relationships are motivated by positive and generalized forms of reciprocity and decreased with negative forms of reciprocity. This study draws on nursing literature and two qualitative studies in Australian residential aged care facilities, conducted in 2002–3 and 2009, to identify a new form called “professional reciprocity.” This form of reciprocity involves deliberate and skilled relational work by nurses to facilitate mutual and interdependent exchanges with care recipients that are beneficial to both care recipients and nurses. This study argues that professional reciprocity, as a skill that can be taught, is important for achieving quality care and workers’ job satisfaction. 相似文献
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Fatal fluctuations? Cyclicality in infant mortality in India 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sonia Bhalotra 《Journal of development economics》2010,93(1):7-19
This paper investigates the impact of aggregate income shocks on infant mortality in India and investigates likely mechanisms. A recent OECD-dominated literature reports the provocative finding that mortality at most ages is pro-cyclical. Similar analyses for poorer countries are scarce, and both income risk and mortality risk are greater in poor countries. This paper uses data and methods designed to avoid some of the specification problems in previous studies and it explores mechanisms and extensions that have not been previously considered. It uses individual data on infant mortality for about 150,000 children born in 1970-1997, merged by cohort and state of birth with a state panel containing information on aggregate income. Identification rests upon comparing the effects of annual deviations in income from trend on the mortality risks of children born at different times to the same mother, conditional upon a number of state-time varying covariates including rainshocks and state social expenditure. Rural infant mortality is counter-cyclical, the elasticity being about − 0.33. This is despite the finding that relatively high-risk women avert birth or suffer fetal loss in recessions. It seems in part related to recessions stimulating distress labor amongst mothers, in contrast to the case in richer countries, where they discourage labor market participation. Health-care seeking declines in recessions, and this appears to be related to the opportunity cost of maternal time. Disaggregation reveals that the average results are driven by rural households in which the mother is uneducated or had her first birth in teenage, and that it is only girls that are at risk; boys are protected from income shocks. Exposure to poor conditions in the fetal and neonatal period appears to have a larger effect on infant mortality than similar exposure in the postneonatal period. 相似文献
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WANG Rui-ze 《中国经济评论(英文版)》2007,6(2):43-46
Although the Cointegration Theory was founded by the C.W.J Granger and other economists in the 1980s, it was not widely used in China until C.W.J Granger was awarded with Nobel Prize in 2003. Since then, a lot of economic papers introducing or applying Cointegration Theory have emerged, but the phenomenon of misuse of this theory possibly arose at the same time. Based on some of these papers obtained from web site (www.cnki.net), this paper explores the applications of Cointegration Theory in China and draws some initial conclusions. Most of these applications are reasonable, but some of them are a bit blindfold or even contradictory in conclusions, which indicates that the overall application quality has a large room to get improved and should be paid more attention by academe. 相似文献
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《技术经济与管理研究》2000,(6)
Provided by the Government of AalstAalstAalsthasalmost80,000inhabitants.ItisthesecondlargestcityintheprovinceofEastFlandersandthecapitalcityoftheregion.Aalstservesahinterlandofaquarterofamil-lioninhabitantsandliesontheriverDender.Manycompa-niesarefirmlyestablishedonthistributaryoftheScheldt.Thecityhas9boroughs:Aalst,Baardegem,Erembodegem,Herdersem,Hofstade,Gijzegem,Meldert,MoorselandNieuwerkerken....easilyaccessibleAalstislocatedcentrallyinBelgium,justa15-minutedrivefromBrussels.TheE… 相似文献
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Apollo M. Nkwake 《Feminist Economics》2015,21(3):114-141
ABSTRACTThe redistribution of household work is considered essential for effectively empowering women. This study examines the extent to which fathers’ evaluation of their wealth in relation to their wives’ influences fathers’ willingness to participate in childcare, a domain traditionally gender ascribed to wives. Data were gathered from a mothers’ survey and a fathers’ survey, each with a sample of 200, conducted in a rural and an urban district in Uganda in 2008. The study compares mean scores for perception and practice indices across three wealth categories: “wife is wealthier than husband,” “husband is wealthier than wife,” and “shared or equal wealth.” Data show that fathers are more likely to engage in childcare when husbands and wives share or have equal wealth than when there are wealth differences between spouses. The results suggest that policy should focus on raising women's economic endowment as well as public education that encourages progressive perceptions of gender roles. 相似文献
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Gilbert Cette Jimmy Lopez Giorgio Presidente Vincenzo Spiezia 《Economics of Innovation and New Technology》2013,22(4):348-364
ABSTRACTICT components, such as microprocessors, may be embodied in other capital goods not recorded as ICT in National Accounts. We name ‘indirect ICT investment’ the value of embodied ICT components in non-ICT investment. The paper provides estimates of ‘indirect ICT investment’ based on detailed and unpublished Supply-Use tables (SUT) in 12 OECD countries: Australia, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Japan, Israel, Mexico, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States.Our main finding is that ICT investment appears significantly higher when considering its indirect component, the average increase being about 35%. The inclusion of indirect ICT investment, excluding software (for which firms’ expenditures are difficult to measure), changes significantly the relative position of countries with respect to the ICT intensity of their investments. The inclusion of software further increases indirect ICT investment but the increase is smaller (in percentage) than without this inclusion. A final result, but concerning only three countries, it that the diagnosis of a stabilisation, or even a decrease, of ICT investment in percentage of GDP or of total investment, observed from the beginning of the century, is not modified if we take into account the indirect ICT investment. 相似文献
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Profitability in the US has been rising since the early 1980sand by 1997 was at its highest level since its post-World WarII peak in the mid-1960s, and the profit share, by one definition,at its highest point. In this paper, I examine the role of thechange in the profit share and capital intensity, as well asstructural change, on movements in the rate of profit between1947 and 1997. Its recent recovery is traced to a rise in theprofit share in national income, a slowdown in capitallabourgrowth at the industry level, and employment shifts to relativelylabour-intensive industries. 相似文献
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Kosterlitz J 《National journal》1993,25(41):2414-2418
President Clinton's health care reform plan avoids the appearance of government control by diffusing and delegating authority to a host of new institutions. The net result, ironically, may be a system that is less accountable to the public than one in which government's role is clearer. 相似文献
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《生态经济(英文版)》2006,2(1):F0003-F0003
Prof. Liu Sihua (1940-), male, born in Yunmeng County, Hubei Province. He is Supervisor of PhD candidate and Director of Economics Research Institute for Sustainable Development in Zhongnan University of Economics and Law. Once he was the consultant for Environment Committee of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Rigion, Director ofGuangxi Ecological Economics Society. Now he is Honorary Director of Hubei Ecological Economics Society, Vicedirector of Chinese Ecological Economics Society, and concurrent President of Education Committee for Chinese Ecological Economics Society, also'awarder of the State Council special allowance. 相似文献
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The authors investigate the relationship between undergraduate economics coursework or majoring in economics and the debt behavior of the college graduates. The data come from the Baccalaureate and Beyond (B&B) longitudinal survey of the National Center for Education Statistics. College graduates who took courses in undergraduate economics or majored in the subject appear less willing to assume debt through auto loans or federal student loans. If they do assume debt, the amount of the monthly payment (auto loans) or the total amount owed (student loans) is less for college graduates with economics coursework or an economics major compared with other students. The findings are robust for college graduates one year and four years after graduation. 相似文献
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dustry enterprises 《环境经济》2006,(5)
4月17日~18日,国务院召开了第六次全国环境保护大会。温家宝总理和曾培炎副总理出席大会并发表了重要讲话。这是深入贯彻党的十六届五中全会和十届全国人大第四次会议精神,以科学发展观为指导,落实国务院关于加强环境保护的决定,部署“十一五”时期环保工作的一次重要会议。如 相似文献
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Nelson R 《Medical economics》2001,78(7):156-157
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Özlem Onaran Engelbert Stockhammer Klara Zwickl 《International Review of Applied Economics》2013,27(4):429-448
This paper estimates the effects of outward FDI on domestic business investment in Germany at the industry level for a panel of 19 industry and 10 services sectors. We pay particular attention to the different motivations behind FDI, and distinguish between FDI to high-versus low-wage countries, to Europe versus the rest of the world, and FDI in services and industry sectors.We find that, in industry, FDI to low-wage countries crowds out domestic investment, whereas FDI to high-wage countries outside Europe crowds in domestic investment. In services, FDI to Western Europe crowds in domestic investment. 相似文献
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A. Dupuy 《Applied economics》2013,45(21):2723-2731
While the skill-premium has been rising sharply in the US and the UK for 20 years, the Dutch skill-premium decreased for much of that period and only started to rise in the early 90s. In this article, we investigate whether the Dutch skill-premium will rise in the next decades. To answer this question, we forecast the skill-premium using the Katz and Murphy (1992) and the Krusell et al. (2000) models. The Katz and Murphy model (KM) explains demand shifts by skill-biased technological change in unobservable variables captured by a time trend. In contrast, the Krusell et al. model (KORV) explains demand shifts by (observable) changes in the capital stock under a capital-skill complementarity technology. The results show that while the KM model predicts that the skill-premium will have increased by 30% in 2020, based on realistic predictions of the stock of capital, the KORV model predicts that the skill-premium will remain between ?5 and +5% of its 1996 level. 相似文献
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In all European countries unemployed persons face a high risk of relative poverty, but poverty rates vary greatly among EU countries. We analyse to what extent these differences could be explained by a different composition of the unemployed or by differences in the national income distribution functions. Our results indicate that the effects of individual characteristics on the poverty risk are roughly comparable between countries, but the composition of the unemployed is very different, which explains on average half of the cross-country differences in poverty rates. 相似文献
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M. Roche-Agussol 《Journal of Economics》1930,1(1):4-27
Ohne ZusammenfassungÜbersetzt von Louise Sommer, Genf. 相似文献
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《经济世界》2002,(7)
OneProgress Achieved over the Post Decade Far back in the early 1980s, China's top authorities were already planning ways of starting high-tech development zones on an experimental basis. In 1985, the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party decided to restructure China's science and technology system and, as a part of the endeavor, it called for designating a few zones for the development of high and new technologies in talent-intensive regions. In 1988, the State Council, China's highest governing 相似文献