A Review of Hot Deck Imputation for Survey Non-response

Hot deck imputation is a method for handling missing data in which each missing value is replaced with an observed response from a similar unit. Despite being used extensively in practice, the theory is not as well developed as that of other imputation methods. We have found that no consensus exists as to the best way to apply the hot deck and obtain inferences from the completed data set. Here we review different forms of the hot deck and existing research on its statistical properties. We describe applications of the hot deck currently in use, including the U.S. Census Bureau's hot deck for the Current Population Survey (CPS). We also provide an extended example of variations of the hot deck applied to the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). Some potential areas for future research are highlighted.     

浅谈我国施工索赔的起因及归责

本文主要介绍建筑工程施工索赔的起因及归责的一些实际经验,对施工索赔的起因及归责起一定参考作用。     

论第三方物流合同违约责任的归责原则

20世纪末,第三方物流迅速发展,由传统第三方物流逐渐向现代整合性第三方物流过渡,相应的,第三方物流合同也逐渐从传统的运输、仓储合同向类型结合型的第三方物流合同转化。这种类型结合型的第三方物流合同系无名合同,其裁判依据包括双方之间订立的第三方物流合同本身(包括补充协议、体系解释、交易习惯)和民事法律规范。从双方之间订立的第三方物流合同角度而言,其违约责任多采用的是严格责任归责原则。从民事法律规范的角度来说,基于个案中能否确认货损发生的区间,第三方物流合同适用不同的违约责任的归责原则,或适用《合同法》总则的严格责任原则,或适用损失确认区间适用法律的违约责任的归责原则。     

On the Use of Auxiliary and Paradata for Dealing With Non‐sampling Errors in Household Surveys

In this paper, we consider the use of auxiliary and paradata for dealing with non‐response and measurement errors in household surveys. Three over‐arching purposes are distinguished: response enhancement, statistical adjustment, and bias exploration. Attention is given to the varying focus at the different phases of statistical production from collection, processing to analysis, and how to select and utilize the useful auxiliary and paradata. Administrative register data provide the richest source of relevant auxiliary information, in addition to data collected in previous surveys and censuses. Due to their importance in effective dealings with non‐sampling errors, one should make every effort to increase their availability in the statistical system and, at the same time, to develop efficient statistical methods that capitalize on the combined data sources.     

Using Complex Surveys to Estimate the L1‐Median of a Functional Variable: Application to Electricity Load Curves

Mean profiles are widely used as indicators of the electricity consumption habits of customers. Currently, in Électricité De France (EDF), class load profiles are estimated using point‐wise mean profiles. Unfortunately, it is well known that the mean is highly sensitive to the presence of outliers, such as one or more consumers with unusually high‐levels of consumption. In this paper, we propose an alternative to the mean profile: the L ₁ ‐ median profile which is more robust. When dealing with large data sets of functional data (load curves for example), survey sampling approaches are useful for estimating the median profile avoiding storing the whole data. We propose here several sampling strategies and estimators to estimate the median trajectory. A comparison between them is illustrated by means of a test population. We develop a stratification based on the linearized variable which substantially improves the accuracy of the estimator compared to simple random sampling without replacement. We suggest also an improved estimator that takes into account auxiliary information. Some potential areas for future research are also highlighted.     

计划排产在卷烟生产中的应用研究

文章针对卷烟厂混合型的卷烟生产,采用车间调度问题的方法,系统分析了卷烟生产中卷包和制丝不同生产环节的特点,得到了它们适用的计划模型以及相适应的算法。根据研究开发的计划排产信息系统,通过在武汉卷烟厂的实际应用表明,该计划排产信息系统具有优化排产、计划冲突避免的优点,取得了较好的应用效果。     

浅议大体积混凝土施工

在土木工程施工中,由于施工现场各种原因,正确的施工方法可大大减少混凝土在施工过程中产生裂缝。     

平衡计分卡修正及其评价指标体系的构建

平衡计分卡是一种较好的企业战略性业绩评价方法,但结合波特的五种竞争作用力模型,平衡计分卡忽视了供应商、替代品、潜在竞争者和现有竞争者等对企业竞争力的影响;同时考虑到在“新经济”形势下创新的特殊作用,创新理应单独作为战略性业绩评价的系统。因而需要对平衡计分卡进行改进,即从财务、顾客、内部业务流程、学习与增长、创新和竞争者六个维度（本文称为六维评价法）对企业业绩进行评价,此外,评价指标体系的构建也增强了平衡计分卡的适用性。     

公路建设中沥青路面施工技术的运用研究

交通事业是我国经济活力的经脉,而公路又是交通事业的代表。随着我国经济的繁荣,提高公路路面质量已经迫在眉睫。本文将着重探讨沥青路面在公路建设中的施工技术。     

论学习型班组建设

文章阐述了学习型班组在班组建设中的内涵和作用,介绍了通过建设学习型班组活动,建立以学习为基础,以人为关键,以提高创新能力为目标的班组建设理念,由此提升班组管理水平,提高班组员工的综合素质和创新能力,为班组及企业安全生产保驾护航。     

浅谈高墩滑模施工技术

随着经济的不断发展,我国的公路、桥梁建设事业发展迅速。为了适应市场需求,如今的桥梁结构日趋复杂,高墩柱桥梁更是比比皆是。目前,我国高等级公路多采用长大隧道、高墩大跨度桥梁相结合形式穿越山岭重丘区。滑模施工浇筑混凝土相对于常规模板浇筑具有连续性好,进度快,质量好,材料消耗少等诸多优点。本文以汾河特大桥高墩施工为背景展开论述,结合同类建设工程中常出现的"地形复杂"、"工期紧张"、"安全风险大"等难题,对高墩柱桥梁墩柱滑模的结构设计及荷载计算做介绍,对高墩柱桥梁滑模施工过程中测量及纠偏措施,质量控制要点和保证措施做了详细的分析,旨在提高今后滑模施工的施工技术。并提出相应的政策建议,进而为高墩滑模施工提供参考依据。     

浅议独立学院思想政治课教学模式创新

随着近年来独立学院的快速发展,其已经成为中国高等教育的重要组成部分,独立学院主要是以应用型人才为培养目标,在这类高校中,思想政治课教育面临着非常严峻的挑战。本文从教学方法、教学内容、考核办法上通过实例就独立学院思想政治课教学模式的创新进行探讨。     

探讨降低工程施工成本的方法

在保证工程质量的前提下,降低工程施工成本,做好工程的事前计划、事中控制、事后分析,有助于企业在买方市场中占有一定优势,并可以提高其综合竞争力。     

浅谈施工企业的内部控制制度建设

笔者通过对施工企业的内部控制理论的基础分析,指出了目前施工企业内部控制存在的问题,然后提出了施工企业如何完善和加强其内部控制制度建设的建议。     

On the optimum number of levels in the one-way model with random effects

The optimal number of levels is studied for the one-way random model with normally distributed effects. The optimum criteria used are based on the variances of the traditional analysis of variance estimators of the variance components. Exact solutions are compared to earlier results based on lower bounds of the sampling variances. Comparisons are also made to the large-sample variances of the estimates based on restricted maximum likelihood. Received February 2002     

建筑工程项目施工成本控制问题研究

本文结合实际对工程项目施工成本控制中存在问题进行了分析和阐述,并提出对策建议,为建筑施工企业在工程项目施工成本控制方面提供了借鉴和参考。     

Helmert方差分量估计在测量平差中的算法研究

Helmert(赫尔墨特)方差分量估计作为近代平差随机模型的验后估计,可以准确给出各类观测量之间的权比,提高平差结果的可靠性。文章就该模型在不同观测类型平差数据中的算法进行了探讨,在实际应用中具有重要的参考价值。     

盾构法的冷冻地层加固探讨

本文主要介绍了盾构法中常用的两种冷冻加固方法,并综合对比分析了二者的优劣,探索了其盾构地层冷冻加固的后期发展可能性及发展方向,为进一步提高盾构始发及接收的安全系数,提升其经济性提供了良好借鉴。     

浅谈顶管施工过程中存在的问题

顶管施工技术是近年新兴起来的一种非开挖技术,在现代化交通日渐拥堵的今天,这种非开挖技术为人们的生活提供了极大的便利。顶管施工的主要技术要点是纠正管子在地下延伸时出现的偏差,特别适用于大中型管道的安装。随着顶管施工技术的不断进步,我们也渐渐发现顶管施工过程中还存在一些的问题。本文主要探讨顶管施工过程中存在的问题,并找出相应的解决办法,同时简要介绍顶管施工技术的发展和施工工艺。     

浅谈技术经济评价在建筑工程项目中的应用

通过对建筑工程项目的技术经济特点进行分析,研究了技术经济评价在建筑工程项目实施中应注意的几个问题,并以举例的方式实证了技术经济评价在建筑工程项目中的应用。