中国国防科技平台知识产权实证分析

国防科技知识产权关系着国家安全,具有重要的战略意义,选取中国工程物理研究院Ｘ重点实验室以及西南科技大学Ｙ国防重点实验室知识产权的创造、运用、保护和管理现状进行调研,结合数据包络分析法对近7年两个科技平台知识产权的创造和运用进行效率评估,分析引起效率变化的原因,并提出改进对策。     

美国专利管理和运用的研究及其启示

知识产权的创造、运用、保护和管理是中国国家知识产权战略的重点内容之一。文章从专利管理和中美专利制度基本差异的研究概述出发,对美国专利制度的运用和实务界对于专利管理的实践的研究进行了梳理,从而得出对中国专利管理实践有益的借鉴。     

基于共享投入型两阶段DEA的国家高新区知识产权效率评价

依据知识产权运作特点,将知识产权过程分解为知识产权创造与知识产权应用两个子阶段,在可变规模报酬的假设下构建共享投入型两阶段DEA模型,对114家国家高新区进行知识产权效率评价。研究结果表明,国家高新区知识产权整体效率与两个子阶段知识产权效率均处于较低水平,高新区发展不平衡,创新要素投入产出存在巨大差距。同时,根据评价结果,按照知识产权运作特点,将国家高新区划分为低创造高应用、高创造低应用、高创造高应用和低创造低应用4种类型,并提出针对性发展建议。     

高技术企业自主知识产权创造自组织机制及协同竞争模型研究

运用自组织理论研究高技术企业自主知识产权创造过程;从宏观和微观视角探讨高技术企业自主知识产权创造的自组织机制,建立协同竞争模型;运用Matlab软件对模型参数变化进行函数模拟,并对模拟结果进行了讨论;从动态、定量角度探索高技术企业自主知识产权创造、演化规律。     

科学发展观视野下的国家知识产权战略实施机制研究

国家知识产权战略实施机制的确定应该坚持以科学发展观为指导。国家知识产权战略的实施机制可以划分为战略层面、内部运行机制层面和外部环境层面。战略层面主要解决的是国家知识产权战略的根本目的、基本手段和宏观定位的问题。内部运行机制层面重点关注知识产权的创造、运用、管理和保护的制度建设。知识产权人才的培养、市场经济的完善和知识产权文化的培育是国家知识产权战略推进实施不可或缺的外部环境。     

基于我国现有能力的知识产权战略的分析

知识产权领域的重要性不同,知识产权创造能力不同,国家实施的知识产权战略也应该不同。按照知识产权领域重要性-能力分析矩阵,我国的知识产权领域可分为四个部分:强势重点领域、弱势重点领域、弱势一般领域和强势一般领域,根据我国现有的知识产权创造能力,应分别采取进攻战略、突围战略、防御战略和发展战略。     

运用知识产权推动战略性新兴产业发展的对策

我国战略性新兴产业发展存在知识产权战略与战略性新兴产业融合不够、知识产权创造能力不强、知识产权保护不到位、产业技术创新不足、知识产权运用能力有限、知识产权服务水平低等问题。应加快知识产权战略与战略性新兴产业发展战略融合;完善产学研合作及利益分配机制,激发知识产权创造能力;提高维权意识,提升知识产权保护能力;支持知识产权运用工作,提升知识产权运用能力;完善知识产权服务体系,提高知识产权服务能力。     

中国知识产权发展水平主要影响因素研究

依据《深入实施国家知识产权战略行动计划（2014-2020年）》,探讨影响知识产权发展的5大因素。通过对《中国知识产权指数报告2014》的指标进行分类,计量分析中国内地31省市的截面数据,得出影响中国知识产权发展的主要因素是知识产权创造（创造质量）和运用（技术市场交易）,同时,知识产权的保护（司法保护能力）、管理（企业创造潜力）和基础能力建设（创造环境）对知识产权发展有较大影响。构建了以实现知识产权市场价值为目的的知识产权发展概念模型,提出了促进中国知识产权发展的建议。     

中国知识产权发展水平主要影响因素研究——基于《中国知识产权指数报告2014》数据的实证分析

依据《深入实施国家知识产权战略行动计划(2014-2020年)》,探讨影响知识产权发展的5大因素。通过对《中国知识产权指数报告2014》的指标进行分类,计量分析中国内地31省市的截面数据,得出影响中国知识产权发展的主要因素是知识产权创造(创造质量)和运用(技术市场交易),同时,知识产权的保护(司法保护能力)、管理(企业创造潜力)和基础能力建设(创造环境)对知识产权发展有较大影响。构建了以实现知识产权市场价值为目的的知识产权发展概念模型,提出了促进中国知识产权发展的建议。     

资本投入、开放经济对中国知识产权创造影响的实证检验

知识产权创造是知识产权战略的核心,是自主创新的关键,是推动经济转型升级的重要着力点。基于2000～2009年的省际数据,运用面板数据单位根检验、格兰杰检验、协整检验、混合效应模型对全国及东、中、西部的资本投入、进口贸易和外商直接投资对知识产权创造的影响进行了实证分析,结果表明资本投入、开放经济对知识产权创造具有显著的正效应,但存在地区差异。     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

生物群落结构原型的仿生学模拟

模拟生命系统管理规律的科学即管理仿生学,是知识时代仿生学研究的新领域与前沿.基于模拟生物群落结构规律的研究目的,采用仿生学模拟的研究方法,以生物群落结构为原型,建立了仿生群落结构模型.结论为:垂直结构、水平结构、时间结构与交错区结构是支持生物群落生命活动的结构规律,以该规律为原型,推理建立了仿生分层结构、仿生优化结构、仿生动态结构与仿生相邻结构,四种仿生结构分别侧重于管理资源的分层管理、局部优化管理、动态过程管理、相邻关系管理,该模型为建立类似生物群落的人造管理系统即仿生群落管理系统提供了仿生结构模型.可以预测,该模型具有广泛的应用价值,能够推动管理仿生学的发展.     

Why rationality may be a consequence of Hume's theory of choice

Facing R. Sugden's criticism of our interpretation, it is shown in this paper that rationality appears as a possible consequence of Hume's theory of choice. We first argue that Sugden's dismissal of the preference relation from the type of rationality through which Hume's theory is apprehended, is highly disputable, from the point of view of both standard choice theory and Hume's theory of passions. Nonetheless, Sugden's criterion of rationality might be restated in Humean terms as a condition of non-revision of preferences in the dynamics of passions. But, since the process of choice that we have described explicitly takes into account the revision of preferences, and shows that, when this last is no longer required, rationality occurs as an outcome of this process, it is not really concerned by Sugden's criticism.     

Team Dynamics Where Followers Have Illusion about Guide

A team is assigned to accomplish a task in each infinitely-repeated period. The guide of the team and his followers are allowed to have asymmetric productivity; also the followers have either a hostile or favorable illusion toward the guide. Respective efforts and the followers’ illusion are private information. At the end of each period, the output of the joint task emerges and the followers evaluate the guide. The analysis shows (1) that potential for an unreasonable evaluation suppresses the guide’s effort down to an average level; (2) letting the followers inform the guide of their illusion in advance increases both sides’ payoffs; (3) abolishing the evaluation reduces both sides’ payoffs in general; and (4) however, if the magnitude of the followers’ hostile illusion weighted by its relative probability is enormous, abolishing the evaluation increases the output and the guide’s payoff.     

US Hegemony and the Origins of Japanese Nuclear Power: The Politics of Consent

This paper deploys the Gramscian concepts of hegemony and consent in order to explore the process whereby nuclear power was brought to Japan. The core argument is that nuclear power was brought to Japan as a consequence of US hegemony. Rather than a simple manifestation of one state exerting material ‘power over' another, bringing nuclear power to Japan involved a series of compromises worked out within and between state and civil society in both Japan and the USA. Ideologies of nationalism, imperialism and modernity underpinned the process, coalescing in post-war debates about the future trajectory of Japanese society, Japan's Cold War alliance with the USA and the role of nuclear power in both. Consent to nuclear power was secured through the generation of a psychological state in the public mind combining the fear of nuclear attack and the hope of unlimited consumption in a nuclear-fuelled post-modern world.