南京市公务卡推行应用调查与建议

公务卡是指金融机构为财政预算单位工作人员发放的、主要用于日常公务支出和财务报销的信用卡。公务卡的结算范围包括因公支出的办公用品购置、差旅、培训、会议、招待等费用。由于公务卡的推广应用有利于深化国库集中支付制度改革和规范财政资金管理,有利于促进非现金支付工具使用和推进银行卡支付体系建设,因此,在2005年人民银行等九部委联合发布的《关于促进银行卡产业发展的若干意见》中就提出要鼓励推广公务卡。     

南京市公务卡应用情况调查与建议

公务卡是指金融机构为财政预算单位工作人员发放并为其持有、用于日常公务支出和财务报销的信用卡。公务卡的结算范围包括因公支出的办公用品购置、差旅、培训、会议、招待等费用。由于公务卡的推广应用有利于深化国库集中支付制度改革和规范财政资金管理，有利于促进非现金支付工具使用和推进银行卡支付体系建设，因此，在2005年人民银行等九部委联合发布的《关于促进银行卡产业发展的若干意见》中就提出要鼓励推广公务卡。     

探索中创新——对武汉市推行公务卡结算方式的评析

这里说的公务卡,是指财政对行政事业单位日常公用支出使用银行卡的统称。公务卡作为非现金支付的结算工具,具有减少现金流量、提高支付透明度、便于监控管理等特点。推行公务卡制度是进一步完善、健全国库单一账户制度的重要手段。武汉市推行的公务卡结算方式,     

关于行政事业单位推广公务卡应用的探讨

所谓公务卡,是指预算单位工作人员持有的、主要用于日常公务支出和财务报销业务的信用卡,公务卡制度的直接作用是将传统现金支付结算改为用公务卡支付结算。公务卡具有两个基本特点:一是具备普通信用卡所具有的授信消费等共同属性,属于银行卡范畴,是一种现代支付结算工具。二是具备财政财务管理属性,即公务卡并非一般意义上的银行卡,而是将财政财务管理的有关规范与银行卡的结算方式相结合,形成的一种新型财政财务管理工具和手段。因此,公务卡又属于财政财务管理范畴。推行公务卡,是行政事业单位一种新型的结算方式,它是指行政事     

会计

财政邮：我国公务卡制度全面推行 财政部国库司有关负责人日前表示,自2007年我国借鉴国际经验实施公务卡制度改革以来,除部分偏远地区预算单位因缺乏公务卡受理环境暂无法实施改革等特殊因素外,公务卡制度已基本实现全覆盖,成为我国公务支出管理领域的一项基础性制度。从2011年开始,中央预算单位实施公务卡强制结算目录,除原使用转账方式结算的支出项目外,办公费、差旅费、会议费、公务接待费等16个公务支出项目都要使用公务卡结算,原则上不再使用现金。这位负责人指出,财政部门可以对公务卡支付的每一笔公务支出实施动态监控,对违规支付进行快速核查处理,有利于从源头上防治腐败。     

区域性银行业机构积极进军公务卡市场

2005年，国家九部委联合发布了《关于促进银行卡产业发展的若干意见》（以下简称《意见》）。要求相关部门面向需求、立足应用、完善银行卡品种和功能，拓展银行卡支付空间，特别提出鼓励推广公务卡的政策意图，要求各级政府部门及所属预算单位积极带头使用银行卡，在行政经费、差旅费等公务支出中使用银行卡支付。至此，公务卡的概念正式通过官方途径走向社会公众，公务卡的发展也由此揭开序幕。     

推行公务卡使用要完善各项制度建设

为加强和规范公务支出管理,进一步推进公务卡制度改革,切实减少公务支出中的现金提取和使用,根据财政部《关于实施中央预算单位公务卡强制结算目录的通知》,从2012年1月1日起,中央各部门及所属行政事业单位工作人员在支付公务接待、公车运行维护、差旅、会议等16项费用时,全部使用公务卡。全国地方所有基层预算单位也基本实行公务卡支付制度。     

积极推行 规范管理——江苏省南通市实施公务卡结算制度的调查

公务卡是指预算单位工作人员持有的,主要用于日常公务支出和财务报销业务的信用卡,是一种现代化支付结算工具。公务卡结算制度改革就是将公务消费传统的现金支付结算改为用公务卡支付结算。     

高校推行公务卡结算中存在的问题和对策研究

公务卡结算是财政部国库支付结算制度的延伸和拓展,是健全现代财政国库制度的重要举措,有利于提高经济业务结算手段的透明度,有利于规范管理高校职工公务支出行为,有利于单位财务管理的监督职能前向延伸.因此,在高校推行公务卡强制结算制度是很有必要的,本文主要阐述公务卡结算在我国高校推行一段时间之后的有关情况,围绕公务卡结算制度如何完善这一问题提出相应的建议,企图推进高校公务卡结算的工作效率.     

稳步推进 规范透明——南京市公务卡改革的做法及完善改革的思路

一、公务卡改革的做法 （一）模式选择规范化。南京市公务卡改革采用“个人卡模式”。公务卡改革与财政国库集中支付制度改革紧密衔接．坚持财政资金在实际支付前不流出国库,将公务卡报销结算工作纳入国库单一账户体系管理。公务卡改革的目标是：通过授权支付完成公务支出的支付与清算．加强财政资金监管,减少预算单位账户设置,简化结算报销流程,方便预算单位用款。     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.