社会生态旅游区探索

当今,旅游已成为一种不可忽视的群众性活动,其参与人数越来越多,造成的物质、能量、经济、文化运转越来越大,在某些地方甚至影响到社会生态环境的巨大变化。针对这种情况,本文通过两个实例的讨论,提出建立一种新兴旅游区——社会生态旅游区的设想。1 社会生态旅游区是特殊产物1.1 旅游发展突破了原有的经济平衡吃、住、行、游、购、娱,是旅游者的基本行为活动,需要大量开发风景点,兴建文化娱乐场所,兴建商店、旅馆、公路、水路,甚至空运等交通设施,安装供水、供电、通讯、卫生等公用设施,大量生产农副产品、土特产品、旅游纪念品等等。对于原来生产水平较     

贫困型山地旅游区可持续旅游开发模式研究

贫困型山地旅游区旅游资源丰富，然而其旅游开发现状不容乐观。作者在分析贫困型山地旅游区旅游开发现状的基础上，对其可持续旅游开发理论进行了深入研究，从六个方面创造性地提出了开发模式：（1）旅游开发主导模式——政府主导；（2）旅游景区经营模式——企业化经营管理；（3）旅游产品开发模式——以生态旅游为基础，开发系列旅游产品；（4）客源市场开发模式——改善交通可进入性，树立特色旅游形象；（5）增强竞争力模式——加强旅游合作，形成区域联动；（6）旅游扶贫模式——社区参与。     

濒湖旅游区开发思考——以江苏省环太湖旅游区为例

湖泊是我国重要的旅游资源,但是作为湖泊旅游重要内容的濒湖旅游区开发往往存在没有整体规划、缺乏统一形象、低水平重复开发、生态环境恶化等问题。针对这种现实,提出了整体开发、多样化、集团化、可持续发展等濒湖旅游区开发原则,并以环太湖旅游区为例,在创立“太湖旅游”品牌的前提下,探讨了其定位、形象、综合治理和可持续发展战略等问题,为濒湖旅游区的开发提供了新的思考范式。     

试论旅游区市场定位

经济性、空间性是市场最基本的属性。旅游市场同样具有这些特性。市场与竞争总是相伴而生的、旅游区之间的空间竞争现象（实质是市场竞争）早已引起地理学家们的注意．他们发现形象地位低或新兴的旅游区在竞争中总受到同域中形象地位高、成熟的旅游区的压抑。如何摆脱这种不利局面、是市场定位必须研究的lxJ容。所谓旅游市场定位（以下简称市场定位）就是指确定目标市场与市场的范围。通过市场定位研究可以寻找到旅游区的方向、通过对旅游区特色研究能够寻找到开发的策略。可见、旅游市场定位是旅游区发展战略的关键环节。l影Ill4旅游区市…     

基于GIS系统的旅游区研究--以武功山风景旅游区为例

以江西省安福县武功山风景旅游区为例，探讨了基于GIS技术的旅游景区信息系统实现的技术路线、组成、结构。通过对研究区定性和定量研究，在MapInfo软件支持下，以VB、MapBaic和MapX控件相结合，研制景区旅游管理信息系统。通过该系统可对武功山风景区旅游资源进行查询、统计、分析，并提供各景点之间最短路径计算及相应的图文资料。     

浅谈旅游区的全面质量管理

本文从旅游区的特征出发,结合国家颁布的旅游区质量等级标准,分析了对旅游区进行全面质量管理的重点和解决 措施。     

黄果树旅游区文化建设与可持续发展探析

文章提出文化建设对于旅游区可持续发展具有统领和推动作用的观点,以黄果树旅游区为研究对象,指出应通过加强黄果树旅游区的山水文化、民族文化、生态文化和管理与服务文化建设,完善产品和服务体系,使黄果树旅游区由观光型向度假型转变,实现全面协调可持续发展。     

The impact of German-speaking online media on tourist arrivals in popular tourist destinations for Europeans

This empirical study analyzes the relationship between the sentiments in online media with regard to travel destinations and corresponding tourist arrivals. We expect the media reports on political and economic instability and turmoil to enhance tourist arrival nowcasts and forecasts, as they can probably complement them with information on disruptions and shocks. Therefore, we believe this research will help to build better models for tourism demand nowcasting and forecasting. We use the sentiment in the German-speaking online media because the German-speaking region is the most populated in Europe and has the largest group of travelers visiting destinations in and around Europe.

An artificial neural network is used to analyze the mood of the media. The software classifies news items regarding potential tourist destinations with either positive or negative labels. The number of positive and negative news items is used to build sentiment indices for popular tourist destinations for Europeans.

Our results show strong correlations between the mood concerning tourist destinations and tourist arrivals in these countries. Indeed, disruptions and shocks prevalent in the news are reflected in similar ratios in both tourist arrivals and sentiment indices. These results can be used as a new explanatory variable for tourism demand modelling.     

Building smallholder farmers' capacity to adopt climate-smart agricultural practices in flood prone areas: Lessons from Bangladesh

Currently, there is an increased interest in promoting climate-smart agricultural practices (CSAPs) around the globe, however, application of these practices may vary for different climate risk hotspots. Although, climate field schools (CFS) are conducted with the aim of empowering farmers with knowledge on the various agricultural practices, little attention has been devoted to building the capacity of smallholder farmers to facilitate adoption of appropriate CSAPs. Given the effects of climate change on agriculture, it is fundamental for agricultural sustainability to answer the question that has hardly benefited from empirical analysis in previous land use studies, which is: Do CFS build farmers' capacity to adopt CSA in flood prone areas? Cross-sectional data from 600 rural farm households in south Bangladesh is used and the recursive bivariate probit (RBP) is applied to address this knowledge gap. The results reveal that participation in CFS increases the probability of a farmer's soil salinity consciousness by 25% and eventually improves the probability to adopt climate-smart agricultural practices by 20%. We also analyzed the spillover effects of CFS participation on CSA adoption and found that there is a strong spillover effect which has important implications on the cost effectiveness and sustainability of the program. Overall, the study provides empirical evidence demonstrating that participatory approaches stimulate adoption of appropriate CSAPs by building farmers' capacity in recognizing the existing climate risk hotspots.     

对菏泽市旅游市场营销的探讨

近年来,菏泽的旅游业得到了快速发展,旅游收入不断增加,但还存在着许多问题,对这些问题要用合理的对策加以逐步解决.发展旅游市场营销对促进菏泽旅游业的发展具有重要作用.     

Market structure and casino taxation in tourist resorts

This article examines the association of tax effects with market structure for casino gaming. We show that if market structure is uncompetitive, much of casino taxation falls on tourists whose demand is inelastic relative to supply. The tax is likely to be efficient under strong external demand if imposed on oligopoly casinos with a monopoly location in a cross-border market. The likelihood of economically ‘good’ taxation is greater under oligopoly than under competition but lower than under monopoly. Casino taxes should be lowered in a more competitive market with weaker external demand. Our prediction is consistent with the evidence found from casino tourism development in Macao with ‘high’ gambling taxes.     

区域性旅游协作好处多

在世界之交,以粤港澳旅游“大三角”为先导,一批跨省区旅游合作区开始在我国形成,它们是环渤海地区、西北纺绸之路沿线省区、晋陕豫“黄河金三角”、东北三省以及西南六省区等。我国旅游业这一新趋向虽然还只是初现端倪,但很值得关注。因为这种跨区合作不是那种以产业与市场相联结、搞市场分割的跨省区经济合作模式,而是一开始就围绕某种特色产业的共同开发来展来的合作,切实触及到了旅游产业的特殊性,代表了我国旅游业在新世纪之初进行结构性调整的一大方向。     

Forecasting tourist arrivals using origin country macroeconomics

This study utilizes both disaggregated data and macroeconomic indicators in order to examine the importance of the macroeconomic environment of origin countries for analysing destinations’ tourist arrivals. In particular, it is the first study to present strong empirical evidence that both of these features in tandem provide statistically significant information of tourist arrivals in Greece. The forecasting exercises presented in our analysis show that macroeconomic indicators conducive to better forecasts are mainly origin country-specific, thus highlighting the importance of considering the apparent sharp national contrasts among origin countries when investigating domestic tourist arrivals. Given the extent of the dependency of the Greek economy on tourism income and also the perishable nature of the tourist product itself, results have important implications for policymakers in Greece.     

现代旅游业的发展战略

环境旅游业是发展旅游业的重要战略之一。发展现代旅游业就必需突破过去“就资源论开发”的传统思想误区，但还需具备一定的基本条件。因此应该因地制宜地采取相应的发展战略。在实际操作过程中，还应该注意可持续发展、投资负担以及市场营销等方面的问题。     

生态旅游环境伦理应规范

“旅游破坏旅游”是人们对现代旅游发展对环境影响提出的警告，旅游发展作为人类对资源的利用方式之一，在发展到一定的程度时，对环境所产生的负面影响也逐渐显现出来，许多研究者，政府及非政府组织认为；生态旅游可以解决旅游环境影响问题，然而，生态旅游并不是“万灵药”，最有效的途径应该是从根本上改变游客，当地居民，旅游从业者传统的思维方式和价值观，在此基础上形成共同认可，自觉遵守的环境伦理规范。     

“假日经济”加热西部旅游市场

近一段时间，“假日经济”成为人们谈话的一个热点。“假日经济”是指人们利用假日集中购物、旅游等，它带动了供给、市场的发展，是一种综合性强、牵扯面大、可持续发展的经济模式。“假日经济”可以繁荣劳动市场、拉动内需、刺激消费，对促进整个经济发展将产生重大作用。     

加快发展厦门观光旅游农业的研究

一、观光旅游农业概念的引人 观光旅游农业并无严格的内涵与外延的界定。作为农业产业化的一个途径,一般地指人们有意识地利用农业生态功能所产生的维护自然景观、美化环境的效应,使农业成为观光旅游资源的一个部分,利用