Common cyclical features analysis in VAR models with cointegration

The paper considers n-dimensional VAR models for variables exhibiting cointegration and common cyclical features. Two specific reduced rank vector error correction models are discussed. In one, named the “strong form” and denoted by SF, the collection of all coefficient matrices of a VECM has rank less than n, in the other, named the “weak form” and denoted by WF, the collection of all coefficient matrices except the matrix of coefficient of error correction terms has rank less than n. The paper explores the theoretical connections between these two forms, suggests asymptotic tests for each form and examines the small sample properties of these tests by Monte Carlo simulations.     

工程中常见的混凝土裂缝及预防措施

混凝土的裂缝问题是一个普遍存在而又难于解决的工程实际问题,本文对经常出现的几种裂缝进行了探讨分析,并提出了一些预防、处理措施.     

The Common Heritage Principle:

A bstract An effort is underway to apply the common heritage principle to certain unique global resources while promoting economic development Under this precept, property rights to such resources are said to belong to all nations and their citizens rather than being subject to national sovereignty The doctrine is examined in theory and as applied in the outer space and law of the sea treaties Its possible application to Antarctica is explored in relationship to the Antarctic Treaty System (ATS) which is now considering a minerals regime for the continent Assessing the international political situation suggests the powerful bloc of ATS nations will ignore the common heritage principle However, a different outcome is possible, given a convergence of the Antarctic mining and global atmospheric issues of the greenhouse and ozone varieties Under this scenario, the global atmosphere and Antarctica would be common property resources whose property rights are owned by all nations     

实木复合地板的选购常识

实木复合地板是从实木地板家族中衍生出来的地板种类,不但具有实木地板的优点,同时又克服了实木地板易变形的缺点,越来越多人选择实木复合地板,但是如何能够选到称心如意的地板呢,我们需要了解实木复合地板的分类、优缺点、理化性能和选购注意事项。     

Java语言中的常见错误

本文主要讲述了在编写Java程序的过程中常见的几种错误。     

Common knowledge with probability 1

Two people, 1 and 2, are said to have common knowledge of an event if both know it, 1 knows that 2 knows it, 2 knows that 1 knows it, 1 knows that 2 knows that 1 knows it, and so on. This paper provides a Bayesian definition of common knowledge, that is, a definition in terms of beliefs (probability measures). The main result is an equivalence between this definition and a definition in terms of the σ-fields representing 1 and 2's information. To obtain this result the conditional probabilities must be proper and the σ-fields posterior completed.     

The Common Language of Leadership

As our complex society continues to call for leadership across all career fields, preparing leaders at the college level can be challenging. This article outlines the results of a comprehensive examination of learning outcomes of 475 academic programs within 72 academic accrediting organizations in regard to student leadership development. The purpose of the current study was twofold: (a) to understand better what competencies college students need to develop in order to engage in leadership in their respective career fields and (b) to use research findings to develop a list of leadership competencies across academic disciplines, serving as a “common language” for use in program planning, course development, as well as individual student advising and mentoring. The Student Leadership Competencies have been translated to contemporary leadership models such as the Relational Leadership Model, the Social Change Model of Leadership Development, the Five Practices of Exemplary Leadership, Emotionally Intelligent Leadership, and the CAS Standards. Implications for the use of the Student Leadership Competencies in program development, program assessment, and the development of strategic partnerships are also discussed.     

Rethinking Common Versus Private Property

The Commons/Green Movement seems to have accepted that the current system is based on the principles of private property, and then has juxtaposed the notion of common property to private property. In fact, the current system is based on violations of the principle on which private ownership is supposed to rest, namely, the principle of people getting the fruits of their labor. The Commons Movement should critique the current system as an abuse of private property both in how it treats the products of labor as well as how it treats that which is not the fruits of anyone's labor (natural resources). When private property is refounded on its just foundation, then economic enterprises would be democratic firms such as worker cooperatives, and the ground would be cleared to apply special arrangements to natural resources, which are not the products of labor.     

浅谈施工现场普遍存在的问题

本文介绍施工现场普遍存在的问题,并分析出现这些问题的原因,同时提出解决这些问题应采取的措施及对策。     

Common agency with risk-averse agent

In a common agency model with a risk-averse agent and private information distortion in the equilibrium policy from the first-best is greater compared to the case of a risk-neutral agent. The principals are unable to screen completely the agent’s preferences if he is sufficiently risk-averse: there is bunching in the contract. The contribution schedules keep track of informational externality. However, when the coefficient of risk-aversion goes to zero the contributions become truthful as in the complete information case.     

Data features1

This article attempts to provide a formal framework for a data based inference which explicitly and consistently recognizes the approximate nature of probability models. It is based on the idea that a stochastic model is adequate if samples generated under the model are very much like the sample actually obtained. The formalization is based on the concept of data feature. Examples are given of applying the ideas to different areas of statistics including location-scale models, densities, non-parametric regression, interlaboratory test, auto-regressive processes and the analysis of variance. The four cornerstones of the approach are direct comparison, approximation, weak topologies and parsimony. The approach is contrasted to that of much of conventional statistics many of whose concepts are pathologically discontinuous with respect to the topology of data analysis and common sense.     

Common institutional ownership and corporate misconduct

This paper explores the relationship between common institutional ownership and corporate misconduct. Empirical evidence indicates that common institutional blockholders (institutional blockholders with multiple blockholdings), with advantages in information, experience and resources, can effectively inhibit corporate misconduct. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect is stronger in firms prone to commit misconduct. Empirical results also support the role of state blockholders with multiple blockholdings and common institutional blockholders with high ownership proportions in restraining corporate misconduct. This paper contributes to the heated debate on the economic implications of common ownership and provides additional evidence for the role of common blockholders in Chinese capital markets.     

Common value auctions with independent types

In this paper I consider a common value model, with independent types, where the ex-post value of the good is influenced by the bidders' information at the auction stage. The seller cannot fully extract the surplus. In a symmetric model the optimal mechanism can be implemented through first price, second price, or English auctions; but not through a Dutch auction. Other properties of the optimal auctions are that the seller's reservation price is endogenous, and that in sealed bid auctions the price may exceed the value of the object (winner's curse).     

常见故障的分析与解决方法

本论文主要是研究常见故障的分析与解决方法,将分别从常见故障的分类、常见故障的解决方法、常用的故障排除思路几个方面来阐述。通过此论文提高我们在日常生活中使用电脑的水平和对一些简单问题的处理。     

带式输送机常见故障分析

本文阐述了带式输送机的主要结构,分析了输送带跑偏、撒料,减速机断轴,胶带机皮带打滑等故障的原因,提出了处理措施。     

常见重金属污染及危害

重金属污染已经成为了突出的公共卫生问题,文章介绍了常见重金属污染的来源对人体造成的危害,旨在唤起公众对重金属污染的重视,保护自然环境、人体健康和维护社会的和谐稳定。     

Multinationality and Common Stock Offering Dilution

This study examines the common stock offering dilution of multinational and domestic firms. Results provide evidence that the benefits of multinationality do not offset the negative information effect of perceived cash flow shortfalls at the announcement of security offerings. MNCs and purely domestic firms experience comparable negative valuation and offering dilution at the announcement of a common stock offering. These results are independent of size and performance differences between multinational and domestic firms at the announcement year.