Home country employment and foreign direct investment: evidence from the Italian case

The present paper provides further insights on the relationshipbetween home country employment and foreign direct investment(FDI) undertaken by national firms. The unit of analysis iseach ensemble of firms operating in the same industrial sectorand localised in the same geographical region. That allows usto capture both direct and indirect effects of foreign productionon the parent's environment, which arise through the generationof linkages and externalities. Empirical evidence has been providedwith reference to the Italian case in the decade 1985–95.Results suggest that the impact of outward FDI on the labourintensity of domestic production is negative in the case ofvertical investment undertaken—especially by smaller firms—inless developed countries, and positive for horizontal and market-seekinginvestments in advanced countries.     

Labour mobility and wage inequality in the presence of endogenous foreign investment

This paper examines the impact of labour mobility and increased competition on skilled–unskilled wage inequality and foreign investment. Unlike the existing literature this paper considers a model where foreign investment is endogenously determined. The paper shows that in the shortrun, inflow of either skilled or unskilled labour has no effect on wage inequality but increased competition increases wage inequality. Inflow of either type of labour increases foreign investment but the impact of increased competition on foreign investment cannot be unambiguously determined. Inflow of skilled labour increases wage inequality in the longrun and its effect on foreign investment is positive. Increased competition in the longrun increases wage inequality, foreign investment and welfare.     

The impact of public capital on the US private economy: new evidence and analysis

This paper presents new evidence on the impact of public capital on the productivity of the US private sector. Using a production function approach, we estimate the impact of public investment on private capital productivity, specifically addressing the empirical critiques of earlier studies. We find evidence of a cointegrating relationship in a dynamic specification of an empirical model that includes public infrastructure as a factor of production, indicating the existence of a long‐run relationship between the US public capital stock and the productivity of the private capital stock. The results are used to explore how the decline in the growth rate of the public capital stock would have affected the performance of the private sector.     

Forms of Explanation; Rethinking the Questions in Social Theory

The aim of this study is to investigate whether the so-called crowding in effects of complementarity or the crowding out effects of substitution occurred between public investment and private investment in Brazil from 1982 to 2013. This will be carried out through a theoretical debate on the investment general dynamics and an econometric analysis of vector error correction (VEC) model for the Brazilian case. The trajectory of the Brazilian economy and the empirical results show the presence of crowding in between public and private investments in the period, in accordance with the Post-Keynesian approaches. The crowding in is justified by the effects on demand via the Keynesian multiplier and via the expansion of the domestic market (particularly provided by infrastructure) and by the effects on the supply of private capital through the reduction of production costs, the increase in productivity, and through structural changes facilitated by public policy. Complementarity with regard to both the investments of the public administration and of federal government-owned/controlled enterprises is confirmed. Furthermore, a significant causal relationship is observed between public investment and the output of industrial manufacturing, which, from the structuralist perspective, is a sector that is considered a driving force of the economy. The special contributions of this paper are its time series for public investment and the variety of models that show crowding in between public and private investment.     

农村基础设施公共投资的区域差距测度——基于回归的分解方法

农村基础设施公共投资对农业增长有重要作用,但也在一定程度上影响了区域差距的形成。我国的东部、中部和西部地区在农村基础设施公共投资方面的差距较大。通过基于回归的方差分解,运用1994～2009年的我国省级面板数据,研究发现我国农村间的区域差距,能够被农村基础设施公共投资上的差异所部分解释。要加大对西部地区的农村基础设施公共投资以改善当前我国农村区域差异过大的现状,倘若政府持续执行沿海侧重型的投资发展策略,则区域差异将有进一步恶化的趋势。为此,必须提高财政对农村基础设施的投资水平,尤其加大对中西部农村的投资,并改革农村基础设施的投资制度,促进投资主体的多元化。     

Quantitative Analysis of the Investment in Chinese Urban Infrastructure

The proper amount, the suitable structure and the tentative sources of urban infrastructure investment are the main focuses of urban policy makers. Firstly the amount of urban infrastructure investment is combinatory forecasted based on historical statistic databases of China. Then the interrelationship of urban infrastructure investment with GNP and the whole society investment in fixed assets are analyzed to work out quantitative coherent relationship. Finally the paper analyses the present and the future development trends of investment structure and capital resource respectively.     

浅析国际直接投资自由化进程中的中国外资政策

随着全球经济一体化的演进，国际直接投资日趋自由化流动。国际直接投资自由化的兴起在全球经济的增长和国际分工深化的进程中发挥了越来越重要的作用。我国是利用国际直接投资的大国，目前正处于向市场经济转轨的关键时期，经济体制和市场结构还不完善，如何在确保国家经济安全的前提下，推进国际直接投资自由化进程，积极合理地扩大引资规模，应成为人们关注的焦点问题。因此，本文试图探寻国际直接投资自由化的经济机理，总结出国际投资自由化的有效制度安排对现行制度进行调整，以期更好地把握和指导我国改革开放实践及进一步融入国际直接投资自由化进程。     

湖南省农村公共物品供给状况的实证分析

从农民生活所需的公共物品角度,以农民的需求为出发点,根据凯恩斯的绝对收入假说消费函数模型以及农村公共物品供需平衡理论的线性回归模型,对湖南省农民的需求偏好和农村主要公共物品的供给状况进行回归分析。认为应该进一步强化公共财政的职能,优化投资结构,创新投融资体制,提高湖南省农村公共物品的供给数量和质量。     

外资非正常撤离的成因、影响及法律对策

2008年金融危机的渐行渐远并没有给全球经济带来恢复的迹象,随之而来的美国与欧洲债务危机又加重了国际经济形势的严峻性。在这种形势下,我国出现的外资非正常撤离潮亦呈现愈演愈烈之势。外资非正常撤离对我国的经济虽不是致命之伤,但却是持续之痛,必须加以重视。根据我国的实际情况,对外资非正常撤离应采取法律对策,从而保证外资非正常撤离的有法可依,追诉可行,降低外资非正常撤离的机率。     

中国纺织业对外直接投资的区位视角分析

纺织业对外直接投资是我国“走出去”战略的重要组成部分。目前,我国纺织业已经具备大规模对外直接投资的基础。纺织业对外直接投资的一个关键问题是区位选择,因为区位选择的正确与否直接关系到纺织业对外直接投资的成败。本文在对我国纺织业加快对外直接投资的动因和基础进行分析后,指出我国纺织业在区位上应进行如下选择：将东南亚、南亚作为纺织业对外投资的重点区域;大力开拓非洲地区,尤其是北非和西非;重视东欧和独联体国家;投资与欧美等发达国家签订有优惠贸易协议的拉美国家;鼓励有实力的企业投资欧美日发达国家。     

贸易顺差、资本流入与中国外汇储备规模增长

本文通过协整检验和Granger因果关系检验,对影响我国外汇储备规模快速增长的诸因素进行了实证分析。分析结果表明,（1）我国外汇储备规模与年出口额、外国证券投资、外商直接投资、外债还本付息额具有长期的稳定关系。（2）年出口规模与外汇储备规模之间具有单向因果关系,是造成外汇储备快速增长的主要原因。（3）外商直接投资、外国证券投资和外汇储备规模具有正向相关关系,其影响强度较弱;而外债还本付息额与外汇储备呈负向相关关系。（4）1986年～2009年间,贸易顺差对外汇储备规模增长的贡献度约为68%,而资本流入约为32%。本文基于实证分析结果认为,采取贸易项目收支平衡战略以减少外汇储备过度增长是最佳的选择。     

后危机时期中西部利用外商直接投资研究——基于对国际直接投资理论的思考

金融危机以来在内外环境大变化的情况下,中国利用外商直接投资也出现了新的发展趋势,出现外商直接投资向中西部转移的迹象.中西部地区应抓住机遇,充分发挥后发优势,借鉴东南沿海省份及国外招商引资发展经济的路径,承接好国际、国内产业转移,调整结构,抢占市场.采取正确引导外商投资的措施,鼓励外资进入中西部地区的优势行业的同时,从国际直接投资理论和现实国情、省情出发,寻找中西部省份引进外商直接投资的制约因素与突破路径,努力实现超越传统的代工和低端引进外资的路径.     

Are shocks to foreign investment in developing countries permanent or temporary? : Evidence from panel unit root tests

We examine the time path of foreign direct and portfolio investment in developing countries to test if shocks have permanent or temporary effects. Our findings indicate that shock effects are temporary. The results are robust to the strictness of balance of payment controls.     

我国农村公共投资绩效评价——基于三阶段DEA

在剔除了自然环境、社会环境、经济环境等因素与随机误差的影响后,运用三阶段DEA,测算了2009年我国农村公共投资绩效。结果显示:调整环境因素前后的技术效率、纯技术效率、规模效率存在显著差异,调整环境因素后的效率值的波动程度明显减轻,稳定性增强,对农村公共投资效率解释的准确性和可信性增强;农村公共部门在保持产出水平不变的条件下,通过提高资金运作效率可节约12.9%的投入;分区域来看,东、西部地区的农村公共投资效率情况较好,中部地区及西南地区的农村公共投资技术效率相对较低,但规模报酬呈递增趋势;调整环境因素后湖南、广东、广西、贵州、云南五省区的农村公共投资绩效处于规模报酬递增阶段。     

在“一带一路”背景下公共服务供给通过外资对县域经济转型的影响机制

公共服务不仅是反映人们生活水平的重要指标,还是反映一座城市的发展水平的重要指标.以县域经济发展为研究对象,对县域公共服务进行科学分析,从贸易便利和政府发展两个角度,深入探讨公共服务供给通过外资对县域经济转型的影响机制.同时,选取\"一带一路\"沿线的17个省、自治区及直辖市1126个县的经济数据,进行数据分析和计量检验,结果发现:在县域经济的发展转型中,直接公共服务的促进作用并不明显,但却能通过引入外商投资等方式间接产生比较明显的促进作用;此外,借助\"一带一路\"倡议的政策优势,提升了直接公共服务对县域经济转型中的正向效应;社会性和经营性公共服务通过外资影响县域经济转型时产生了正向溢出,导致本地聚集过多的资源,产生\"虹吸效应\",从而对周边县域的经济发展产生了负面影响.