某航空标准件企业生产调度与设备维护联合优化

考虑某航空标准件企业独立制定生产调度和设备维护计划带来的现场冲突问题,以最小化系统最大完工时间和最小化系统维护总成本为目标,构建生产调度与设备维护联合优化模型。模型基于设备负荷确定车间内不同设备组的故障率阈值,进而制定不同的预防性维护策略。通过设计遗传算法发对模型进行求解,对模型所涉及的参数给出估计方法,并通过企业实际运用验证了模型和算法的有效性。     

数学期望在物流管理中的应用

作者通过几个实例介绍了数学期望在物流管理中进行决策、选择最优采购批量、最优库存量以及设备维护问题等方面的应用,说明了数学期望在物流管理中的作用。     

非参数回归在物流配送中心库存量中的应用

以物流配送中心库存管理策略（R，S）中库存量预测的问题为研究对象，提出应用非参数回归方法对库存量进行拟合，用该方法与最小二乘法比较。并用非参数K邻近法则对库存量进行预测，丰富订货期制定方法。以某物流配送中心31天大米滞留库存量数据为例，研究结果表明，核回归模型拟合值较一元二次回归模型优异，得到较为理想的结果，实现通过统计模型客观地对物流配送中心库存信息智能化管理提供理论依据。     

设备远程故障诊断与协同维护管理系统研究

设备故障诊断与维护是企业进行日常生产的必备元素。在分析网络协同思想和设备生命周期理论的基础上,给出以"设备(设计)制造单位-设备使用单位"为主体,维护知识为基础,网络协同为手段的主体脉络,提出构建管理系统的概念模型和框架,并对设备故障诊断与维护功能进行细化分析,实现了一种远程故障诊断与系统维护管理系统,为设备远程故障诊断与维护提供了一种新的方向。     

基于预防检查的安全库存生产策略

基于会随机发生失控的不可靠生产系统,研究了允许缺货情况下,考虑预防检查结果对安全库存的影响.根据一个完整周期的生产过程,分析了生产过程中的费用组成,建立了考虑预防检查和安全库存的EMQ模型,以求得使单位时间内总费用最小的最优安全库存量、正常生产时间.最后,通过数学案例,总结了模型中参数的变化对决策变量和目标函数的影响.研究结果表明:随着劣化率的增大,单位时间内总费用增加,最优安全库存量增加,正常生产时间减少.     

外包模式下生产设备维护服务质量模型

越来越多制造企业将生产设备维护业务外包给专业的服务供应商.设备维护虽是企业的非核心业务但它对制造企业的正常运营和核心能力发展有着很大的影响.因此研究影响维护服务质量的因素有着非常实际的意义.本文结合生产设备维护外包的特点,改进Gronroos服务质量模型,提出生产设备维护外包服务质量的特点.并在此基础上建立了伙伴关系下的三维服务质量模型(包括企业关系、功能质量和技术质量).     

基于系统动力学的陶瓷供应链碳排放控制模型设计

文章设计了基于供应链的陶瓷企业的碳排放控制系统的总体模型框架,界定了系统的供应链边界,探讨了该系统的因果关系,选取库存碳排放控制、采购过程碳排放控制和km2生产碳排放控制为主要变量,构建了陶瓷供应链碳排放控制系统动力学模型,检验结果表明:模型能够有效的反映实际,具有模拟仿真的价值。陶瓷企业采用先进技术和改造原来设备来降低km2生产碳排放量,优化物流流程减少单位采购碳排放量,合理安排采购周期优化库存量为主要控制措施来实现低碳制造和绿色发展。     

浅谈瓦楞纸箱生产设备的使用与维护

随着工业技术设备的发展进步,瓦楞纸箱生产设备的自动化、智能化程度越来越高,现代企业越来越重视设备的使用与维护。因此,文章以瓦楞纸箱生产设备的使用与维护为研究对象,通过对安全、操作、管理与维护等多方面进行分析,最终总结和归纳出瓦楞纸箱生产设备的使用与维护的方法。     

基于泊松分布的钢厂备件优化模型

钢铁工业是流程型工业,重要配件对生产过程至关重要,因此在钢铁钢铁企业中备件管理问题就显得尤为突出。备件管理是钢铁钢铁企业设备管理工作中的一项重要内容,它直接影响设备的维护、检修、抢修工作,与钢铁企业的正常生产和经济效益密切相关。做好钢铁企业备件管理工作的核心是做好备件计划。本文基于泊松分布．考虑备件的订货成本、持有成本、缺货成本、特别订货成本,给出了最优备件库存量及最优成本。     

减少库存，减少无用动作

一个企业要减少库存量以降低成本．不是说几个人商量一下．确定要减少的数量就解决问题了。这里有一个如何在减少库存量的情况下．继续保证企业生产经营正常进行的问题。     

Maintenance management: Keeping up with production's changing trends and technologies

Current trends in manufacturing have led to reduced levels of work-in-process inventory and increased levels of automation and machine complexity. These changes have two important implications for maintenance management. First, machine breakdowns not only cause a loss of output from the down machine, but also result in lost production on downstream machines. This occurs because of the elimination of buffer stock between workstations. Second, the gap between the technological expertise of the operators and the technological sophistication of their machines has widened. This gap decreases the ability of operators to make adjustments and minor repairs to their own machines.These two factors cause an increase in maintenance costs associated with machine downtime and maintenance labor. Historically, the proportion of preventive and corrective maintenance has attempted to balance these costs. As buffer stock is reduced and more machines are coupled, the costs of downtime will increase, increasing the need for preventive maintenance and decreasing its cost compared to the cost of lost production.Increases in the use of computer-based planning systems have resulted in the development of computerized preventive maintenance systems that have proven to be successful in planning for maintenance labor and materials. Integrating planning methods with corrective maintenance tasks will help reduce breakdowns, make more efficient use of maintenance craft labor, and provide information for inventory control of maintenance, repair, and operating (MRO) materials.This article examines methods of reducing machine downtime costs, maintenance labor costs, and MRO inventory costs in today's changing production environment. Techniques for reducing these costs are explored in the areas of maintenance planning, maintenance methods improvement, and MRO inventory control.     

A reformulation of the aggregate planning problem

This article proposes a reformulation of the aggregate planning problem which more closely agrees with situations frequently encountered in practice. The proposed reformulation assumes that a firm's production planners want to determine the expected service and inventory levels for a given production profile in the face of uncertain seasonal demand. By using several different production profiles that are each consistent with the firm's staffing, subcontracting, and overtime policies, it is possible to pick the profile that best meets the firm's preferences for service level and inventory turns. Actually, the trade-offs between inventory and service levels are examined so that an informed choice can be made by all of those concerned.One of the advantages of the proposed model is that communications can be established among production, marketing, and finance managers who often have conflicting goals. Also, levels for inventory turns, service, and production can be set that are consistent with each other. Furthermore, several alternative production profiles can be examined in a relatively short time through the use of the simulation model proposed.An application of the model to the Wagner Spray Tech Company, a producer of painting equipment, is presented. In this particular case, where forecasting errors are quite high, some of the potential uses of the model are presented. Also, reasons are given why this particular reformulation of the aggregate planning problem was found to be useful.     

目标成本在轨道交通装备制造业生产维护中的应用研究

面对制造业成本竞争日益激烈的市场环境,轨道交通装备制造企业在成本控制方面不断创新和变革,在生产制造成本控制中对涉及生产运营的所有要素开展目标成本管理。当前,该行业正在推进智能制造和数字化转型升级,占制造成本比重不断增大的生产维护业务在践行目标成本管理方面还存在诸多问题。论文应用因果分析法,结合目标成本管理理论分析当前轨道交通装备制造业生产维护成本控制存在的问题,并提出完善该行业生产维护业务应用目标成本管理的对策,以促进轨道交通装备制造企业生产维护成本管理水平的提高。     

Optimal inventories for repairable redundant systems with aging components

Complex systems that are required to perform very reliably are often designed to be “fault-tolerant,” so that they can function even though some component parts have failed. Often fault-tolerance is achieved through redundancy, involving the use of extra components. One prevalent redundant component configuration is the m-out-of-n system, where at least m of n identical and independent components must function for the system to function adequately.Often machines containing m-out-of-n systems are scheduled for periodic overhauls, during which all failed components are replaced, in order to renew the machine's reliability. Periodic overhauls are appropriate when repair of component failures as they occur is impossible or very costly. This will often be the case for machines which are sent on “missions” during which they are unavailable for repair. Examples of such machines include computerized control systems on space vehicles, military and commercial aircraft, and submarines.An interesting inventory problem arises when periodic overhauls are scheduled. How many spare parts should be stocked at the maintenance center in order to meet demands? Complex electronic equipment is rarely scrapped when it fails. Instead, it is sent to a repair shop, from which it eventually returns to the maintenance center to be used as a spare. A Markov model of spares availability at such a maintenance center is developed in this article. Steady-state probabilities are used to determine the initial spares inventory that minimizes total shortage cost and inventory holding cost. The optimal initial spares inventory will depend upon many factors, including the values of m and n, component failure rate, repair rate, time between overhauls, and the shortage and holding costs.In a recent paper, Lawrence and Schaefer [4] determined the optimal maintenance center inventories for fault-tolerant repairable systems. They found optimal maintenance center inventories for machines containing several sets of redundant systems under a budget constraint on total inventory investment. This article extends that work in several important ways. First, we relax the assumption that the parts have constant failure rates. In this model, component failure rates increase as the parts age. Second, we determine the optimal preventive maintenance policy, calculating the optimal age at which a part should be replaced even if it has not failed because the probability of subsequent failure has become unacceptably high. Third, we relax the earlier assumption that component repair times are independent, identically distributed random variables. In this article we allow congestion to develop at the repair shop, making repair times longer when there are many items requiring repair. Fourth, we introduce a more efficient solution method, marginal analysis, as an alternative to dynamic programming, which was used in the earlier paper. Fifth, we modify the model in order to deal with an alternative objective of maximizing the job-completion rate.In this article, the notation and assumptions of the earlier model are reviewed. The requisite changes in the model development and solution in order to extend the model are described. Several illustrative examples are included.     

公司库存优化方法浅析

库存是企业生产管理的重点内容之一,库存管理所要解决的核心问题是如何保证在不断提升客户服务满意度的前提下将库存成本控制在最低的范围之内。每个企业应当根据自身的现实条件和市场环境来确定最适合本企业的库存管理方案。N公司想要保持一个较低的库存水平,首先需要对库存材料进行分类．得出真正需要重点关注的物料清单,运用合适的采购订货策略．力求达到在按时满足客户需求的前提下使库存成本最低．．     

EOQ application in a pharmaceutical environment: A case study

This paper describes a successful application of classical inventory theory at a drug manufacturing plant located in Montreal that has resulted in annual savings in the order of $110,800 and assisted management in its decision to invest in larger production equipment. The basic assumptions underlying EOQ models are reviewed and dealt with. For instance, an algorithm was devised to handle the peaks in the demand of many A class items. Following the implementation of this algorithm, buffer stocks were reduced signifi cantly while maintaining the same high levels of service.     

大型联合企业备件库存控制策略研究

建立了零备件库存两级多点存储模式的最佳备件库存模型,给出了总库存成本（库存成本与转运成本之和）最小时的各库存点与仓库的最优订货策略的求解算法,提出了以服务水平为约束,以库存成本和转运成本最小为目标的规划模型．给出了已知订货批量,求最优订货点的算法,并通过实际应用验证了该算法的有效性。     

VMI在装备维修器材中的应用

对VMI＂供应商＂的范围进行了界定,提出了上级供应方管理库存,构建了装备维修器材VMI体系,并对装备维修器材实施VMI进行了优势分析,该体系的构建将改变传统库存和供应模式为主动配送模式,为实现器材精确保障打下基础。     

基于物流服务水平与成本平衡的物流配送中心选址的研究

送货时间是衡量物流服务水平的标准之一,运输成本和库存成本是物流成本的关键指标。物流配送中心的科学合理布局可以有效地缩短送货时间,提高物流服务水平,同时保持低库存．并降低运输费用。首先运用层次分析法对于备选的物流配送中心地点进行筛选,在此基础上通过服务与成本模型得出符合要求的方案。     

口腔科医疗设备与仪器维护方法探讨

目的:探讨口腔科设备与仪器的维护保养方法,以延长设备的使用寿命,发挥设备的高效性能及用途。方法:对比实施相关口腔科医疗设备的维护保养措施前与采取措施之后,口腔科医疗设备的使用和保养情况,分析口腔科医疗设备维护保养措施的可行性和有效性。结果:实施口腔科医疗设备专项维护保养措施后,口腔科设备仪器平均使用寿命比之前延长1.5年,设备仪器故障率降低了4.5%。结论:实施科学合理的设备维护保养措施,培养专业的仪器保养维修团队能够有效提高口腔医疗设备的使用效率和使用寿命,不仅能够更好的服务于社会,也为医院节省了一大笔设备仪器维护费用,值得借鉴推广。