概念规划编制框架——以慈溪为例

本文对国外概念规划以及我国已经开展概念规划研究的城市的实践情况进行综述 ,提出了适合中国国情的概念规划的内容 ,并对浙江省慈溪市做了城市发展概念规划的实例研究 ,以说明概念规划在具体城市规划中的应用     

The impact of scale length on reliability and validity

The conventional wisdom in political science seems to hold that simply increasing the length of scales automatically increases their reliability and that validity supposedly increases merely as the result of increased reliability. This paper shows analytically and by way of example that—despite their status as conventional wisdom—neither of these statements is true without qualifiers that seem to be unrecognized. The paper thus clarifies the relationships among scale length, reliability, and validity.     

The concept of weak exchangeability and its applications

A finite sequence of binary random variables is called a weak exchangeable sequence of order m if the sequence consists of m random vectors such that the elements within each random vector are exchangeable in the usual sense and the different random vectors are dependent. The exact and asymptotic joint distributions of the m-dimensional random vector whose elements include the number of successes in each exchangeable sequence are derived. Potential applications of the concept of weak exchangeability are discussed with illustrative examples.     

谈谈效益审计的概念和假设前提

本文从效益审计的概念出发,分析了效益审计的基本含义,并通过对效益审计假设构建原则等的探讨,初步提出了效益审计的四个假设前提.     

The concept of psychological capital: a comprehensive review

In this paper, we provide a comprehensive view on the concept of psychological capital (PsyCap) and develop an agenda for future research. PsyCap describes an individual’s psychological capacity that can be measured, developed, and managed for performance improvement. The higher-order construct comprises the psychological resources self-efficacy, hope, optimism, and resilience, and has been linked with a range of desirable work attitudes, behaviors, and other outcomes. By analyzing and structuring the existing literature on PsyCap, we identified several research gaps that require further analysis. In particular, we encourage researchers to expand the research on the effects of PsyCap to other workplace-related domains, especially the field of strategic decision-making, we call for researchers to further study the relationship between emotions and PsyCap, and we suggest to analyze the effects of PsyCap in the context of strategic human resources management. Also, future studies should establish transparency on the interaction between organizational change processes and PsyCap as well as the relative importance of the four components of PsyCap. We close by discussing the implications of our findings for corporate practice, such as employee selection and development.     

外资审计职能"变脸"

2004年3月22日,审计署发出了关于成立“国外贷援款项目审计服务中心”的通知。据了解,中心的成立是落实五年规划进行机构职能调整的第一个行动,该中心将逐步承担目前由审计署直接审计公证的国外贷援款项目。外资审计的部分职能在悄悄地变化。事实上,外资审计在取得成效的同时,也存在着法律职责履行不到位但又做了一些法律职责以外的“约定义务”:直接承担国外贷援款项目的对外审计公证业务。这一方面容易给审计机关带来审计信誉风险,另一方面,长此下去,将会削弱外资审计部门的作用,影响审计署的全面工作。外资审计的职能需要重新定位,它的职能不应仅仅是“公证”。“重点加强贷援款项目建设管理情况的监督;加强政府外债管理情况的审计调查,促进完善外债管理体制,防范政府外债风险。”五年规划为外资审计提出了明晰的思路。体现在观念上就是要完成几个转变:国外援贷款审计不是仅仅公证,更重要的是依法审计;不仅要审计项目,还要审计政府债务的管理和风险;不仅要审计项目的建设期,还要审计项目还款期;不仅要审计贷援款用的正确性,还要评估项目的效益和发现制度上的问题,不仅要审计政府外债,还要拓宽领域。但对一个在旧有观念的强大惯性下习惯于“公证”的部门要真正扭转自身的观念行为,还要经历一个漫长的     

全国质量管理奖的核心价值观、概念

在中国质量管理协会第七届理事会上,理事们经过充分酝酿,一致决定在2001年启动全国质量管理奖的评审工作.设立该奖项的主要目的,一是推动企业更加关注产品和服务质量的持续改进和提高,满足社会和顾客的需求;二是激励和引导企业追求卓越的质量经营,培育我国具有国际竞争力的企业;三是总结和分享获得质量经营卓越绩效的企业的宝贵经验,推动我国企业质量经营水平的提高.任政府有关部门的大力支持和广大企业的积极努力下,2001年的评审工作目前已经结束,宝山钢铁股份有限公司、海尔集团公司、青岛港务局、上海大众汽车有限公司和海信电器股份有限公司五家企业荣获了今年全国质量管理奖.     

External validity abandoned?

InQuality and Quantity 25,1991, 381–87, Martyn Hammersley asserts that Campbell's distinction between the concepts of internal and external validity is fundamentally misleading, because it reflects a failure to distinguish relations between events and relations between variables, and because it rests on the false assumption that we can separate the discovery of causal relations from the question of whether they apply to other cases than the ones studied. In this short commentary Hammersley's position is criticised; assessing the plausibility of the interpretation of a correlation as a causal relation does not presuppose that the universe of generalisation is well-known in advance.     

生态城市理念:系统环境观的阐释

生态城市理念是一种综合环境观的阐释,从空间角度论,它是城市环境观与区域环境观的有机结合;从时间角度论,它是城市历史环境观与现实环境观的有机结合;从功能角度论,它是城市经济环境观、社会环境观与生态环境观的有机结合.     

论现代绿色物流管理面对的问题与策略

随着经济的发展,环境恶化程度日益加深,现代物流活动作为经济活动的一部分,也同样面临环境问题,为保证社会实现协调可持续的发展,进行绿色物流管理成为今后物流关注的新焦点,明确了绿色物流的内涵和推行的必要性,并着重探讨了实施现代绿色物流管理的有效措施及途径.