巧用函数求取无形资产评估中的参数

在无形资产评估中,要用到一些计算复杂的参数,这些参数如果采用手工计算,不但繁琐,出错的机率也很高,让评估师感到十分棘手。计算机技术的运用大大减轻了我们的工作量,如果我们能较熟练地     

无形资产会计研究中的问题与改进

文章以近两年来发表的无形资产会计文献为样本, 分析和评述了我国在无形资产会计领域的研究现状和存在问题, 提出了改进无形资产会计研究的建议。     

Accounting for Intangible Investments

The traditional categorisation of expenditures evident in many firms' charts of accounts and financial statements does not identify and measure expenditures on intangible investment separately from tangible investment and operating expenditures. This contrasts with the accounting for tangible investment, which separately accounts for all expenditures as assets unless the future benefits are consumed in a single accounting period. Further, in searching for better ways to account for intangibles, regulators and researchers have focused on the accounting choice problem relating to the existence and recognisability of intangible assets. In this paper, we argue that identifying and separately reporting the expenditures on intangible investment is the logical first step in accounting for intangible investments. Learning about the firm's categories of value driving (and sometimes potentially value destroying) expenditures has important implications for understanding aspects of the value chain, performance measurement, valuation, corporate governance and the external audit.     

行政许可资质不是无形资产

随着行政许可法的实施,关于行政许可资质是否是无形资产的讨论也更加热烈起来了.部分评估师认为行政许可资质是一项无形资产.其主要依据是行政许可不易取得,同时存在买卖行政许可资质的行为,价格也不菲.而笔者认为,行政许可类资质不是无形资产,其仅仅是行政相对人取得的一项人格权证明,而非财产权证明.就此,笔者需要谈谈个人的观点.     

高校无形资产预算管理初探

无形资产是我国高校的宝贵财富,但目前大多数高校无形资产管理处于空白状态,无形资产的预算管理更是如此。本文试从分析高校无形资产预算管理现状背后的原因出发,尝试把全面预算管理引入到无形资产到管理中。     

Intangible Asset Valuation Model Using Panel Data

In this paper, we design a valuation model for intangible assets using panel data, and empirically investigate the model validity. The approach using panel data is an evaluation method that uses unobserved firm-specific effects based on panel analysis. Our model first estimates production function using panel analysis, and then develops cost function using a duality approach. Next, we discount added value and costs resulting from intangible assets using fixed effects. Empirical analysis using the model compares the estimated parameter values in the nonlinear profit function consisting of production function and cost function with those in the production function alone, which becomes linear after logarithmic conversion, and finds that the two are generally similar. Additionally, the market value of equity is more closely associated with both the book value of equity and the value of intangible assets than with the book value of equity alone. These results support the validity of the model for evaluating intangible assets. This model is easy to apply in practice and is based on a simple idea. Further discussion of this model is warranted given the increasing importance attached to the value of intangible assets.     

无形资产会计问题探讨

在经济全球化和知识经济的时代背景下,现有的无形资产会计实操与理论已经不能完全适应知识经济的要求。所以改进现行无形资产会计的缺陷与不足,寻求与知识经济时代相吻合的无形资产会计处理方法成为当务之急。本文分析、总结了我国无形资产的确定、划分、计量和摊销,在此基础上提出了完善我国无形资产确认、计量、信息披露的改进策略。     

Towards a Comprehensive Accounting for Convertible Debt

Although convertible debt is an old and quite well-used form of finance, its accounting treatment has been almost ignored by those who set standards in the United Kingdom. The recent Technical Release TR 677 observed that there is a problem with convertible debt. The problem is that, after it has been issued by a company, the obligations of the company to third parties may change through time. This paper suggests that one approach to the problem is to follow a finance model of convertible debt, and to allow the accounting to develop from this. Accordingly, convertible debt may be considered on the basis of either equivalent straight debt or equivalent equity. The paper concludes with the suggestion that the accounting for convertible debt could be on the mixed basis or either the debt or the equity, but that this would be determined by the condition of the convertible debt at the date of the accounts.     

关于会计基本原则选择与会计核算原则排序的新思考

本文提出会计公正原则是会计信息使用者普遍接受或“一致同意”的原则,理应成为会计的基本原则,并尝试以这个基本原则为依据对现行会计制度中的会计核算原则排出一个先后顺序。从理论层面选择公正原则作为会计的基本原则并作为指导对会计核算原则排序来消除现有会计核算原则之间存在的重叠和冲突,从而使会计信息产生的过程和结果尽可能地公正。在利益多元化的社会,特别是在促进社会公正和构建和谐社会的今天,研究会计信息产生过程和结果的公正性无疑具有重要的理论价值和实践价值。     

关于我国会计制度和会计准则的制定问题

本文包括三个主要部分。首先阐述会计规范的必要性。然后 ,立足于我国的实际情况 ,提出会计规范的目标是依存于不同的经济体制特点的、会计规范的内容和形式则取决于会计规范的目标 ;通过区分会计确认、计量、记录和报告在不同会计行为中的差别揭示了会计准则和会计制度两种规范形式在我国的并存性和各自的侧重点 ,即会计准则侧重于确认和计量 ,会计制度侧重于记录与报告。最后 ,对我国会计准则、会计制度的关系问题 ,未来会计规范问题提出作者的观点。     

Accounting for SGARAs: Towards Comparability and Consistency

The objectives of this study were to examine whether consistency and comparability has been achieved through the introduction of AASB 1037 and the subsequent adoption of AASB 141. We find that consistency in measurement methods has not been achieved through the introduction of a prescribed accounting method under AASB 1037 and is not likely to be achieved through the application of AASB 141. Consistency was found however in the application of measurement methods over time and, in particular, in these SGARA types of native forests and plantation timber. The study contributes to an understanding of the issues faced by Australian firms surrounding the processes leading to the introduction of a new accounting standard.     

资产减值会计计量问题研究

本文研究的目的在于探讨资产减值会计计量的基本问题,即可收回金额的确定。本文从公允价值和现值两个方面展开研究,提出了资产减值会计中公允价值和现值计量的指导性框架,并从完善主体预算制度的角度探讨了现值技术在资产减值计量中运用的可行性。     

资产证券化的会计问题研究

资产证券化是20世纪70年代以来，国际资本市场上金融创新的一部分。资产证券化增加了企业融资的渠道，盘活了企业的存量资产，可以较低的成本筹集所需资金，优化了财务比率。然而，在丰富、活跃证券市场的同时，资产证券化也给会计界带来了许多问题，这主要包括证券化资产的会计确认、定价计量、会计报表合并及会计报表披露。对此应根据资产证券化的运作机理和会计准则，对其相关会计问题进行分析和处理。     

Accounting for Intangible Assets: There is Also an Income Statement

Accounting is often criticized for omitting intangible assets from the balance sheet. This paper points out that the omission is not necessarily a deficiency. There is also an income statement, and the value of intangible (and other) assets can be ascertained from the income statement. Thus, calls for the recognition of 'intangible assets' on the balance sheet may be misconceived. The paper lays out the property whereby the income statement corrects for deficiencies in the balance sheet. It then explores the case where the income statement perfectly corrects for a deficient balance sheet and the case where it does so imperfectly. In the latter case, the paper then asks whether accounting in the balance sheet—by capitalization and amortization of intangible assets or carrying them at fair value—could remedy the deficiency in the income statement (or makes it worse). The investigation involves an analysis and valuation of Microsoft Corporation and Dell Inc., two companies presumed to posses a good deal of 'intangibles assets'. The paper is instructive, not only to those concerned with accounting issues but also to analysts attempting to value firms, like Microsoft and Dell, with assets missing from the balance sheet.     

资产弃置义务会计:理论诠释与准则展望

结合FASB对环境会计相关规范的发展历程,重点对美国在资产弃置义务会计准则制定、环境负债的确认、计量及弃置成本资本化的相关问题进行研究,进而考察了FASB和IASB在资产弃置义务会计规范上的差异根源,以期把握环境财务会计发展的内在规律。在上述基础上,分析我国资产弃置义务会计所面临的经济法律环境与市场需求,提出了我国资产弃置义务会计规范的改进建议。     

Intangible Marketing Assets: A Managerial Accounting Perspective

Intangible marketing assets, such as brand strength, product image and reputation, appear to be of growing significance to companies. This paper seeks to offer a management accounting perspective on intangible marketing assets. A typology is developed that categorises related constructs, hitherto referred to, somewhat broadly, as marketing assets. The typology (1) redefines intangible marketing assets from an accounting perspective, and (2) identifies the inputs and outputs of the intangible marketing asset management process. The traditional accounting methods afforded to intangible marketing assets are noted, together with their adverse implications for asset development. It is suggested that management accounting should develop a method of accounting for such assets that is more consistent with supporting longer-term corporate objectives.     

美国财务会计准则委员会发布资产退废负债准则公告

2001年6月末,财务会计准则委员会(FASB)理事会一致同意发布第143号财务会计准则公告-资产退废负债(SFAS143).     

运用加权平均资产收益率WARA法测算企业无形资产折现率

无形资产折现率是收益法评估无彤资产的重要参数之一,国内外目前对无形资产评估中折现率的确定也有多种方法。运用加权平均资产收益半WARA（Weighted Average Return on Assets）法,结合案例基本财务数据,通过对案例公司所处啤酒行业其他上市公司年报数据的分析,计算确定案例公司的无形资产拆现率。