Testing Fama–French’s new five-factor asset pricing model: evidence from robust instruments

Fama and French (FF, 2015) propose a five-factor asset pricing model that captures size, value, profitability and investment patterns. The primary purpose here is to further investigate this new model using an improved GMM-based robust instrumental variables technique. A further purpose is to explore the relationship among the FF factors and the Pástor–Stambaugh (PS, 2003) liquidity factor. We conclude that except for the market factor, all of the factors including liquidity are not significant at even the 5% level using our GMM approach for almost all of the FF 12 sectors.