我国社会保险基金需要完善社会保障立法

建立社会保险基金是实施社会保障的核心问题。社会保障作为国家出面举办的一项制度必须有一个可靠而雄厚的物质基础作后盾,在社会保障制度实施过程中,各项庞大而复杂的开支,必须有一个稳定的基金制度来支持。而与此同时由于社会保障制度的立法工作滞后,立法体系不健全,适用范围狭窄,法律效力低,至使社会保险基金筹集困难,投资运营低效和发放不到位。因此稳固的社会保险基金需要完善的社会保障立法。     

浅谈社会公平与农民工社会保障体系的构建

社会公平既是人类永恒的主题,也是社会主义的价值追求。本文在对社会公平问题进行简单论述的基础上,对农民工在社会保障方面存在的不公平现象及原因进行了分析,并提出了针对性的措施,以期为解决当前的社会公平问题提供借鉴。     

注重社会公平 促进经济可持续发展

注重社会公平，有利于促进经济的可持续发展。我国目前在社会生活的许多领域存在着社会不公问题。政府应当首先通过合理的分配制度，减小社会成员的收入差距，达到基本的经济公平；在此基础上，以福利保障、基础教育、司法公正等为突破口，维护和实现社会公平，促进经济的可持续发展和社会的全面进步。     

社会转型视域下农村社会救助制度的思考

改革开放以来,农村经济社会的变迁对农村原有社会救助体系产生了前所未有的冲击,其价值取向、政策规范、救助方式、管理手段等,已越来越不适应农村经济社会发展的需要。本文从社会转型这一视野下对农村社会救助制度进行重新审视,分析了社会救助理念、贫困生成机制、社会结构、政策取向等方面发生的变化,提出了创新农村社会救助制度的思路和对策,以促进农村和谐社会的构建。     

The contribution of non-formal social protection to social development in Botswana

This article documents the non-formal system of social protection in Botswana, identifies opportunities for synergies between the non-formal and formal systems, and considers the challenges of integrating the two. Non-formal initiatives depend on traditional forms of social protection such as self-help, self-organisation, membership of a social group and cultural norms of community solidarity, reciprocity and obligations; whereas the formal social protection system is undergirded by statutes and laws, institutionalised in policy and legislation, publicly funded and delivered within national norms and eligibility criteria. The article argues that integrating the two could produce a complementary and responsive system of social protection that takes account of indigenous and other non-formal systems of support and enhances the delivery of social protection services, and that other countries in the region might derive lessons from Botswana's experience.     

How better targeting of social spending affects social delivery in South Africa

Social spending has become a major tool of targeting resources to South Africa's poor. The poor now get considerably more than their population share of social spending, but the underlying distribution of income is so skewed that overall post-fiscal inequality has not improved much. Concentration ratios and curves show considerable shifts in social spending incidence in the period 1995 to 2006. However, the efficiency of that spending is low, resulting in limited social outcomes and consequently also limited gains to the poor from better targeting. This paper therefore calls for the South African policy discussion to shift to why the ever-increasing fiscal inputs and improved targeting of those inputs have not produced the desired social outcomes.     

企业家个人社会资本与企业组织社会资本关系分析

企业社会资本基于不同的社会网络类型可以分为企业家个人社会资本与企业组织社会资本,两者既相互依存又存在矛盾。本文在分析两者内在关系的基础上,对如何协调两者关系提出建议。     

The utilitarian–maximin social welfare function and anomalies in social choice

Two major criteria of distributive justice are the utilitarian criterion and the maximin criterion. We offer a simple axiomatic characterization of a mixed utilitarian–maximin social welfare function. This social welfare function explains recent empirical violations of the standard cardinal social choice theory such as the social Allais paradox and the social common ratio effect. In addition, it offers a new foundation for the positively skewed wealth distributions in society. It also provides an objective function for mechanism design applications that trades off maximizing surplus and minimizing inequality.     

香港发展社会经济工作经验对我国农村社会工作在职教育的借鉴

香港积累的发展社会工作经验对我国内地农村社会工作在职教育具有重要借鉴价值。在发展农村社会工作在职教育中,我们也应发挥政府的主导作用,重视发挥社会的力量,灵活多样地开展在职教育。     

Ethics as social science

The author explores overlaps between economics and ethics. A society's moral climate conditions its degree of economic development and prosperity. Policy recommendations necessarily rest on normative as well as positive judgments. Social science contributes to posing and answering questions about the nature and grounding of ethical precepts. Pursuing these questions leads to an "indirect utilitarianism" incorporating insights of David Hume, Ludwig von Mises, Henry Hazlitt, and F. A. Hayek. Criticisms of this approach are answered, including charges that it is collectivistically aggregative, is vacuous, makes a fetish of rules, and encourages immoralities illustrated by "lifeboat cases". Alternatives to it are also appraised, including the natural-rights and "contractarian" approaches that have found favor with prominent economists. Presidential Address at the Fortieth International Atlantic Economic Conference, Williamsburg, Virginia, October 8–11, 1995.     

试论西方国家社保制度对我国社会保障制度建立之启示

本文分析了我国从计划经济体制向市场经济体制转换的过程中社会保障体系作相应的转换以及存在的不足。西方福利制度的设计为我国社会保障体系的完善提供了一个参考,本文在分析西方福利制度的历史沿革和我国社会保障制度现状的基础上,对我国社会保障体制的改革提出了一些政策建议。     

Analysis of the social policy parameters by forecasting indicators of social sector financing

The paper continues the publication started in our journal (2007, no. 1) of the forecasts made in the integrated system “Population, Incomes, Consumption” developed by the Central Economics and Mathematics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The forecasts cover indicators of social sector financing at different level: macro-level, by population groups, and by family type. The paper shows that expansion of the statistical base and its updating after the population census in 2002 have lead toserious changes in the forecast of the major social policy parameters. Their detailed analysis and conclusions are presented.     

消除社会排斥 加快东北下岗失业人员的社会保障建设

国有企业改革是振兴东北老工业基地的关键所在。由于社会排斥所造成的下岗失业工人的生存困境以及由此带来的社会问题,已成为制约国企改革的瓶颈。建立完善的社会保障制度有助于消除社会排斥,促进社会和谐发展。     

企业社会责任一"私"化的贸易壁垒

企业社会责任是一种"私"化的贸易壁垒,具有劳工权益保护和贸易保护的双重目的.出于发展中国家的供应商对跨国公司强烈依附性,跨国公司通过要求供应商提高劳工标准而转嫁社会责任,导致供应商生产成本增加,出口国因丧失其劳工比较优势而出口量减少.跨国企业社会责任壁垒与劳工壁垒没有本质上的区别,是劳工标准与国际贸易挂钩的现代翻版.我国应:一方面,逐步改善劳工待遇;另一方面,积极参与劳工标准纳入乡边贸易体系的谈判过程,坚决拒绝在现阶段采取与发达国家完全一致的劳工标准.     

制度创新与社会信用

信用是现代市场经济的基石,也是优化资源配置的有效手段。本文认为,造成我国信用缺失的原因是多方面的,有认识上的原因,也有法律制度不健全、对失信行为处罚力度不够等原因,但最主要的原因是产权制度不完善。因此,进行制度创新,完善产权制度,是建设现代市场经济社会信用的必要条件,也是规范市场经济秩序的治本之策。     

“正名”是社会和谐的关键

优秀的企业，必然是内部产权明晰，谁该干什么，该负什么责任，一清二楚。要牢记中国的一句古话“在其位，谋其政”     

论农民工的社会保障问题

农民工为城市创造了巨大的社会效益和经济效益,但他们大多数仍处于社会保障体制之外。本文通过分析农民工社会保障的现状、形成原因及解决农民工社会保障制度的现实意义,提出了建立和完善农民工社会保障制度的几点措施。