基于XFS标准的SP软件测试技术

当前,XFS标准已得到众多硬件厂商和SP软件开发商的支持,各厂商或软件开发商很多时候也会被要求提供符合CEN/XFS标准的SP软件。那么,如何运用软件测试技术在基于XFS标准的SP上测试呢？     

XFS标准中复合设备的应用与驱动开发策略

基于对复合设备技术在生产实践上的应用与理解，本文就XFS标准中相关复合设备处理技术在应用开发与驱动开发中的实现策略作简一要介绍。     

XFS标准中的假钞防范及其实现方法

近来,市民从ATM或柜台取到假钞的现象时有发生,而银行对自助设备误收假钞造成的损失也很忧虑。在所有自助设备中,现金循环机是功能较多、性价比高、     

CEN/XFS标准充分支持厂商特性

CEN/XFS标准目前已被国内金融行业采纳,自助设备行业因此也发生了巨大的变化,各大中型商业银行以该标准为基础的跨平台ATMC软件也正在推广应用中。但业界也有不少人对银行XFS跨平台软件项目持有不同的看法,认为该标准限制了厂商硬件特性的展示,阻碍了银行业务的创新和发展。     

基于WOSA/XFS标准的ATMC软件应用

WOSA（Windows Open System Architecture，Windows开放式系统体系结构）是Microsoft在Windows环境为跨越不同平台的应用程序而开发的体系结构规划。它不仅制定了信息在企业内部自由流动的标准，而且提供了模块化应用程序编程接口（API），向开发的应用程序提供访问网络服务的能力。这些网络服务可以包括电子函件、数据库和主机连接。     

XFS标准中复合设备的加锁策略

CEN／XFS标准已被国内外越来越多的金融机构采用。基于对XFS标准在生产和技术实践中的应用，本文就XFS标准中有关复合设备的加锁策略做一简要介绍。     

基于CEN／XFS标准的IC卡应用开发

IC卡是集成电路卡（Integrated Circuit Card）的简称,它与国内目前普遍使用的磁条卡最根本的区别在于,IC卡增加了一个智能芯片,从而使得IC卡具有以下特性：不可复制、数据存储、智能分析和防篡改。由于具备这些特性,IC卡就比普通的磁条卡能应用于更广泛的支付领域,衍生出更多的应用功能,如脱机消费、小额支付、商户积分等。国际上IC卡支付标准是由VISA、Euro Pay和MasterCard三大国际银行卡组织共同制定的EMV交易标准,并广泛应用于IC卡的各种支付领域,欧美国家已逐步完成了EMV迁移改造。     

基于CEN／XFS标准的3DES改造方案

随着2008年北京奥运会的临近，外卡收单业务已成为各商业银行大力发展的重点。银行对自助设备的安全性要求越来越高，其中对持卡人账户密码（PIN）的保护尤显突出，而国际卡组织对此也有明确要求，即所有入网终端机具都必须具备对持卡人输入的密码进行硬加密的功能。     

基于CEN/XFS的金融外设统一平台系统建设

正截止至2013年末,天津农商银行总资产达到2057亿元,年均增长17%;存款余额达到1652.7亿元,贷款余额达到1000亿元,在天津市地方金融机构中排名跃升至第1位,实现了历史性跨越。改制三年来,经过农商人的不断拼搏努力,我行的基础设施、核心网络、应用系统、数据应用相继优化、建设     

自助设备ATMC应用系统测试技术

为了在激烈的金融市场竞争中占据优势，各银行对自助设备越来越重视，越来越多的银行开始执行CEN／XFS标准，以保证不同类型的自助设备能运行统一的ATMC软件。本文从实践出发，简要介绍一下ATMC应用系统测试。     

Nonlinear dynamics in economics and finance and unit root testing

The recent financial crisis exposed the inability of traditional theoretical and empirical models to parsimoniously capture the rich dynamics of the economic environment. This has stimulated the interest of both academics and practitioners in the development and application of more sophisticated models. By allowing for the presence of nonlinearities, complex dynamics, multiple equilibria, structural breaks and spurious trends, these latter models resemble more closely the properties of economic and financial time series. In this article, we illustrate the flexibility of a family of econometric models, namely the exponential smooth transition autoregressive (ESTAR), to encompass several of the above characteristics. We then re-assess the power of the ESTAR unit root test developed by Kapetanios, Shin and Snell ((2003) Kapetanios, G., Shin, Y. and Snell, A. 2003. Testing for a unit root in the nonlinear STAR framework. Journal of Econometrics, 112(2): 359–79. (doi:10.1016/S0304-4076(02)00202-6)[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) in the presence of nuisance parameters typically encountered in the literature and compare its performance with that of the augmented Dickey-Fuller and the Enders and Granger ((1998) Enders, W. and Granger, C. W.J. 1998. Unit-root tests and asymmetric adjustment with an example using the term structure of interest rates. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, 16(3): 304–11. [Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) tests. Our results show the lack of dominance of any particular test and that the power is not independent to priors about the nuisance parameters. Finally, we examine several asset price deviations from fundamentals and one hyper-inflation series and find contradictory results between the nonlinear fitted models and unit root tests. The findings highlight that new testing procedures with higher power are desirable in order to shed light on the behavior of financial and economic series.     

创新国际标准 培育世界知名品牌

2014清洁发展国际融资论坛暨十大绿色创新企业颁奖典礼在北京金融资产交易所举行,此次论坛的主题是”技术与金融创新驱动,促产业结构优化升级”。在此次论坛上,全国政协委员、中国品牌建设促进会理事长刘平均发表了题为“创新国际标准培育世界知名品牌”的演讲,指出：近年来,中国环保,低能耗．高新技术产业快速发展．但是,缺少自主知识产权的关键技术;缺少国际知名品牌。他强调：中国经济发展,中国经济由大变强,需要培育、打造一批国际知名品牌.     

基于开放平台的软件性能测试方法

金融软件性能（压力）测试工作流程和方法可遵循软件测试流程的一般规律,但是也有其特殊性,主要体现在两个方面：一是工作任务的内容不同,比如性能测试需求的收集主要是确定业务交易模型及系统性能指标;二是工作流程的任务分解有一些特殊内容,比如性能测试工作中可以分解出测试场景开发这样一些特定任务。对一个测试单位来讲,建立统一标准的测试方法可以推广好的工作思路、工作方法及工作经验,有利于提高各测试部门的工作质量与工作效率。     

基于主机平台与开放平台相联的应用系统性能测试方法

为了最大限度地减少基于主机平台与开放平台相联的应用系统的性能缺陷,保证应用系统上线的高可用性,测试单位需要重视性能测试准备、性能测试执行和性能测试报告等流程。     

顺势推进农行机构撤并和减员分流

近几年，中国农业银行（以下简称“农行”）在向现代商业银行转轨的过程中，进一步深化内部改革，平稳地推进了机构撤并和人员分流，但从全行系统看，机构总量过多与布局不尽合理、员工总量富余与人员结构性紧缺、物理网点较多与虚拟银行布局及功能不足等问题还没有得到根本解决。如何进一步精简机构、减员分流、整合资源，既是农行股份制改革过程中的“抢答题”，更是一道“必答题”。[第一段]     

Note on the interpretation of standard cost variances

The interpretation of variances in a standard cost system is troublesome for many students. For those students who are not quantitatively oriented a graphical analysis seems to be a logical way of clearly demonstrating the source of variances and their interpretation.The most commonly used graph for standard cost variance analysis is a one-quadrant area graph. If applied to the unfavorable variance case the one-quadrant area graph is an adequate vehicle for demonstrating relationships between costs and variances. However, when variances are favorable the one-quadrant graph becomes difficult to interpret. In this case the joint variance appears to be included in the quantity variance rather than the joint variance. The difficulty is caused by the sign change of the joint variance which cannot be shown in the one-quadrant area graph.A four-quadrant area graph is presented as an alternative pedagogical tool. Variances in quadrants I and III are unfavorable and variances in quadrants II and IV are favorable. The four-quandrant area graph is consistent with the underlying algebra and aids the student in developing an intuitive understanding and ability to interpret standard cost variances.     

Lobbying on accounting standard setting in the parliamentary environment of Germany

This paper employs an expertise framework to analyze the case of lobbying on the modernization of German accounting regulation between 2007 and 2009. The parliamentary context of accounting standard setting in Germany provides a unique opportunity for an examination of lobbyists’ and parliamentarians’ use of rhetoric in the form of arguments and myths in the presence of an expertise gap between both parties. Lobbyists successfully follow rhetoric strategies of providing knowledge and demonstrating expertise to parliamentarians in the form of using a mixed approach of conceptual and self-referential arguments when expressing a neutral opinion. Apart from their argumentative rhetoric, lobbyists also create myths that transfer knowledge in a more subtle way by employing signifiers that are disentangled from the underlying message to be communicated. Parliamentarians respond by using self-referential arguments in cases where they support the regulatory proposals and enrich their arguments by continuing and amplifying the myths created by lobbyists. Parliamentarians’ adoption of these strategies demonstrates the effectiveness of the transfer of knowledge and provides evidence of the strategic exploitation of the expertise gap by lobbyists.     

重点测试行的测试风险分析与对策

为提高测试效率和测试效果，将测试风险降到最低，重点测试行应该认真分析测试风险的形成原因，并采取积极有效的应对措施。     

从一宗案件的查证看职务侵占司法会计检查要点

笔者结合查证一宗职务侵占案的实践,就职务侵占一般作案手段及其司法会计检查要点浅议拙见。一、案情及查证去年,根据当地公安机关的委托,我们对A某涉嫌职务侵占一案进行了