Collective Reputation and Quality

Firms who sell regional or specialty products often share a collective reputation based on aggregate quality. Collective reputation can be approached as a dynamic common property resource problem. We show that for an experience good without firm traceability, individual firms have the incentive to choose quality levels that are sub-optimal for the group. These results support minimum quality standards. Trigger strategies are analyzed as an alternative solution to this problem. Finally, the implications of these results are discussed as they relate to the case study of Washington apples.     

The Pricing of Experience Goods: The Example of en primeur Wine

The market for "primeur" wine in the Bordeaux region allows producers to sell wine that is still in barrels. As with all experience goods, producers send quality signals to uninformed buyers. Using original data on Bordeaux wines, we show that the pricing behavior of producers depends to a large extent on their reputation, and much less on short-term changes in quality (as measured by experts' grades). We also find that the primeur price has an informative role, since a 10% increase in primeur price leads to a 3% increase in prices on the market for bottled wine.     

社会分层视角下对农民工落户城镇意愿的分析

农民工群体内部已经发生阶层分化。不同阶层的农民工落户城镇意愿有所差异。中上层农民工落户在大中城市的意愿最强,成本和代价并不高,中上层农民工在大城市落户问题是当前户籍问题的首要。底层农民工更倾向于定居中小城镇,他们对农村户籍所附加的土地、生育和社会文化因素的依赖性很强。发展中小城镇经济,为底层农民工提供稳定的社会保障,渐进式地将新生代农民工与土地、生育等剥离是底层农民工市民化的关键。     

冷鲜肉品牌建设要素研究——基于消费者视角的分析

通过消费者问卷调查,对冷鲜肉品牌建设要素假设进行了检验,结果表明：4大因素13＋-指标,即质量满意度（外观形象、品种标志、质量标志、口感风味）,品牌联想美誉度（品牌信用度、品牌联想效果、企业责任感水平、品牌关誉度）,品牌知名度（未提及知名度、提及知名度、市场占有率）和营销水平（价格适中度、专柜／专店销售水平）,与冷鲜r8品牌建设存在较密切关系。     

农村集体产权结构开放性的历史演变与未来走向

[目的]改革开放40年来,为适应人口流动性提高、改进资源配置的需要,农村各类集体资产的产权结构发生了较大变化,但变化的方向和程度并不一致。面向未来,为促进乡村振兴,应重构农用地、集体经营性建设用地和集体非土地经营性资产等农村集体产权的权利结构,允许部分权能跨村流转和配置,提高乡村资源配置效率。[方法]在系统梳理文献、借鉴地方实践经验的基础上,阐述了农用地产权结构、集体经营性建设用地产权结构、集体非土地经营性资产产权结构开放性的历史演变与未来走向。[结果]随着农户的逐步分化,应以促进流转集中、扩大经营规模为目标,进一步扩大农用地产权结构的开放性;随着城乡统一的建设用地市场的发展,应以提高配置效率为目标,进一步扩大集体经营性建设用地产权结构的开放性;随着集体经济组织成员收入的多元化,应逐步扩大集体非土地经营性资产产权结构的开放性。[结论]必须在坚持农村集体所有制的前提下,逐步重构农村集体产权的权利结构,让稀缺的农用地不因集体经济组织成员的进城而荒芜,让进村创业和生活的非本集体经济组织成员能够获得必要的土地要素和居住空间,让村庄和集体资产治理结构能够更有效率。     

Australian wine industry competitiveness: why so slow to emerge?

Despite favourable growing conditions, Australia's production or exports of wine did not become significant until the 1890s. Both grew in the 1920s, but only because of government support. Once that support was removed in the late 1940s, production plateaued and exports diminished: only two per cent of wine production was exported during 1975–1985. Yet over the next two decades, Australia's wine production quadrupled and the share exported rose to two‐thirds – before falling somewhat in the next 10 years. This paper explains why it took so long for Australia's production and competitive advantage in wine to emerge, why it took off spectacularly after the mid‐1980s and why it fell in the 10 years to 2016. It concludes that despite the recent downturn in the industry's fortunes, the country's international competitiveness is now firmly established and commensurate with its ideal wine‐growing climate, notwithstanding the likelihood of further boom‐slump cycles in the decades ahead.     

Label Style and Color Contribution to Explain Market Price Difference in Italian Red Wines Sold in the Chinese Wine Market

This study employs a hedonic price methodology to investigate the implicit price of individual labelling characteristics of Italian red wines sold in the Chinese market. Our results highlight the most important quality attributes (extrinsic and intrinsic) given in the label capable to explain price difference. In particular, reveal significant premium price for wine origin, identified in particular through the DOC/DOCG appellation given in the label, and for clean labels or labels with particular designs. On the contrary, a price discount has been revealed for Italian wines produced with local grape varieties and with a label characterised by warm colors. These results, partly in disagreement with other empirical evidence, contribute to enrich the existing literature in this field by providing useful suggestions both to the producers and other stakeholders operating in the wine industry.     

永安市集体林权制度改革的绩效分析

在全面推行、深化集体林权制度改革的背景下,前期改革的实施情况和成效日益成为研究的热点。本文依托国家林业局集体林权制度改革跟踪监测课题的调查情况,以福建省永安市为研究对象,从林地经营的投入、产出,林地的流转,林改的满意度和政策需求等方面,探讨集体林权制度改革的成效。研究结果发现:集体林权制度改革增加了林农的林业生产收入,拓宽了林业融资渠道;同时也导致林业投入的增加,林业合作组织的出现和加强。最后指出提高永安市集体林权制度改革绩效的政策方向。     

农村集体土地物权体系的构建

从集体土地使用权特性进行分析,我国农村集体土地使用权不是一般意义上的用益物权。借鉴英国地产制度和我国国有土地使用权出让和转让制度,作者今提出我国集体土地物权体系的构建应以土地使用权为核心的观点。     

新中国农业集体组织制度的三次飞跃——基于集体行动的逻辑

农业集体组织理性行动与农民个体理性激励的实现始终是新中国农业组织制度变迁的矛盾主线.本文依据奥尔森集体行动的逻辑视觉,分析了中国农业集体组织制度:人民公社、家庭联产承包责任制以及新型农业专业合作组织的发展演变机理.理清新中国农业制度,尤其是确立未来农业改革的制度设计与选择,对于实现农业现代化具有极其重要的理论价值和实践...     

明确集体主权为前提的农村建设用地流转研究——以上海市H村为例

从上海市H村农村集体建设用地使用权流转的实践看,阻碍农村集体建设用地流转进一步发展的原因主要有:农村集体土地产权不清、流转收益分配不合理、集体组织税收负担过重等.推进农村集体建设用地流转就要以明确农民集体产权为前提,加强农村集体经济组织产权制度改革,解决目前农村集体组织面临的问题,从而提高我国农民的财产性收益,为农民建立长效收益机制.     

对征地制度改革的思考

现行的征地制度随着社会经济快速的发展，暴露出越来越多的缺陷，因而这一制度亟待完善。本文通过对现行土地征地制度存在缺陷及产生原因的分析，对征地制度提出相应的改革措施，力图消除这些缺陷，从而确实维护农民的合法权益。逐步提高农民生活水平。     

明晰农村集体土地产权 推进城镇化进程

全面建设小康社会，重点和难点在农村。没有广大农村的小康，就没有广东省的全面小康：广大农村的经济社会发展不能加速，就会影响全省小康建设的进程。而农村小康建设的关键，在于加快城镇化进程，提高城镇化水平。明晰农村土地产权，加快农村土地使用权流转，使农民与土地使用权的关系不再凝固化，对城镇化进程将起到巨大的推动作用。     

提升阿克苏红富士品牌效益研究

提升农产品品牌效益有利于推动农产品科技发展,提高农产品经济效益,扩宽农产品销售渠道.阿克苏红富士苹果享誉国内外,本文从科技提升品质、品牌文化建设、政府引导企业发展、建立防伪标识、产业链完善等方面研究了提升阿克苏红富士品牌效益的策略.     

林改后集体公益林经营管理面临的问题及对策

集体林权制度改革后集体公益林经营管理面临着商品林、公益林收益差异悬殊,公益林分散化经营,自然保护区集体公益林保护与利用矛盾突出,公益林补偿法律体系不完善等问题,如不及时解决,将关系到林业生态、经济、社会效益能否统一,并直接影响林改的成效和林农对林改的满意程度。提出多渠道筹集生态补偿基金,探索公益林的规模经营模式,完善森林生态效益补偿的法律体系,实施差异化补偿等相关对策。