京津城际列车运行图编制系统研究

分析我国铁路列车运行图编制现状,针对京津城际铁路运行图编制的FALKO系统存在的问题,结合既有铁路运行图编制系统,研制开发了我国自主知识产权的京津城际列车运行图编制系统。该系统实现了列车运行图与动车组车底交路图一体化编制,提供运行图冲突判断及提示功能,以及人机交互操作的便捷方式,实现统计报表制作和查询,有效提高了京津城际列车运行图编制效率。     

基于人工智能的列车运行图智能编制技术体系框架研究

列车运行图是铁路运输组织的核心,其编制质量直接影响铁路运营管理、劳动生产和资源配置的综合效能,将人工智能前沿技术应用于列车运行图编制,解决大规模复杂路网条件下列车运行图常态化编制的效率和质量统筹优化问题,是铁路运输领域的最新发展趋势。分析我国列车运行图编制现状,在总结国内外列车运行图编制理论研究的基础上,梳理列车运行图编制的任务目标、规则约束和策略方法体系,结合人工智能大数据、大算力、大模型和大应用理论,构建列车运行图智能编制总体架构,设计基于人工智能的列车运行图高速智算平台技术架构,创建基于人工智能的列车运行图智能编制总体路线,提出下一步发展需要重点突破的关键技术,旨在为基于人工智能的列车运行图智能编制技术发展提供参考依据。     

铁路运行图编制系统的现状与思考

在阐述铁路列车运行图编制系统和编制平台等计算机编制列车运行图现状的基础上,针对铁路计算机编制运行图技术存在的数据准确度有待提高、数据实时更新有待加强、数据共享性不够等问题,从加强基础数据和编图数据的动静态管理、列车运行图的自动编制和人工优化比对、建立大型客运站作业计划编制系统、实现列车运行图的仿真功能、统计运输指标及生成列车时刻表等方面提高计算机编制列车运行图水平,探讨计算机编制列车运行图系统迫切需要改进的方向。     

铁路旅客列车运行图编制要点分析

旅客列车运行图是铁路旅客运输组织的综合性计划和行车组织基础。结合铁路实施提速战略的实际,从基础理论出发,分析了旅客列车运行图编制的原则和要素,客流基础和设备能力的保证,提出了当前铁路旅客列车运行图的一些新特点。     

我国客运专线列车运行图编制的有关问题

结合我国客运专线列车运行图特点，对客运专线列车运行图的编制工作组织、运行图类型选择作了阐述。并着重对客运专线运行图的编制原则、编制过程、备用线的铺画及节假日运行图的铺画等进行论述。     

列车运行图综合评价方法研究

为提高列车运行图的编制质量和效率，及时指导运行图调整和辅助决策分析，探索运输企业专业部门间的数据共享模式，在既有列车运行图计算机编制系统的基础上设计列车运行图综合评价方法及功能。该综合评价方法集成、融合运行图编制数据、机辆运用数据和客运数据，打破铁路专业部门间的数据壁垒。面向运行图编制和运行图执行2个阶段，分别提出指标计算体系。前者着力于计算数量、质量等静态指标，而后者关注于适应性评价和动态性能分析。基于多部门列车运行图评价需求，构建基本分析和环比/同比分析的运行图对比分析方法，输出准确、规范的指标数据和分析报表，能够帮助铁路局集团公司对运行图编制质量进行合理、有效及快捷评价。     

城市轨道交通线网列车运行图协同编制系统功能研究

线网列车运行图协同编制是城市轨道交通网络化运营组织的核心问题,其编图质量直接影响系统服务水平。现有列车运行图编制系统多是针对单一线路,缺乏对城市轨道交通网络化运营的适应性。通过分析国内外线网列车运行图编制系统的功能特征,结合我国协同、智慧的城市轨道交通发展理念,探讨城市轨道交通成网条件下列车运行图编制的实际功能需求,并对数据管理、自动编图与调整、应急运行图编制、运行图协同接续优化、列车群运行仿真、线网运输计划评估以及乘客行程规划等关键功能进行设计,实现全网范围内各线路列车运行图的智能化编制、各线路间的运力协调和合理高效运输,有效满足运营单位与乘客的实际需求,为成网线路列车运行图编制系统的开发提供平台和工具。     

铁路列车运行图编制与管理工作的思考

针对目前我国铁路列车运行图在编制与管理中的特点,分析存在的问题,结合我国列车运行图编制管理机制和现有技术水平,提出强化完善现有管理体系和加强信息系统建设的对策措施,以期尽快提升列车运行图编制与管理水平.从远期发展的角度对我国列车运行图的编制和管理模式进行了初步探讨.     

X基于MAS的列车运行图智能编制系统建模方法研究

根据我国铁路网的分布式特性,在列车运行图编制相关研究成果的基础上,结合我国铁路现有管理体制和路网条件,论述利用Agent技术编制列车运行图的基本思想和系统结构,以及基于MAS的系统建模方法,建立智能编制运行图的多Agent体系结构,以及Agent通信及协作机制,对运行图的编制方法进行了探索.     

武广客运专线列车运行图编制方法探讨

在分析武广客运专线客流特点和运行图编制方法的基础上,提出列车运行图的主要技术标准,并进行列车开行方案设计,确定列车运行图编制的具体步骤,从建立评价指标体系、对指标进行标定和对结果评判3个步骤,对列车运行图编制质量和效果的评价方法进行探讨.结合武广客运专线第二阶段运行图,以实际运用数据对列车运行图进行评价.     

Travel,roads, risks and volunteers

International volunteers often travel to destinations (low- and middle-income countries) that carry a greater chance of being involved in a road-related injury and a possible fatality. Within this cultural exchange, tourists move from safe roads and cars to those that are potentially unsafe. Is this all part of the adventure of volunteering or should the tourist industry take some responsibility? This paper highlights the intersection between tourism and road injury and fatality risks (as pedestrians or in vehicles) with special attention to the longer term volunteer traveller. Social science theory underpins some of the discussions around risk and travel. A brief consideration of the international road traffic death and injury crisis and the emergence of the recognition that this impacts upon tourist safety is explored as backdrop to discussions. Tourism relies upon the ability for people to travel in and around the countries they travel to, often taking on the local travel arrangements prevalent in their destination. These local travel arrangements enable leisure tourists to explore their destination and volunteer travellers to live and work as locals. Is it time to consider and further the research on road risks as a growing feature of tourism?     

Reputation,search cost,and airfares

As cost of search for consumers decreases with the spread of the internet; researchers question whether this trend will lead to lower price or higher product differentiation. This paper examines a sample of offered fares to see if an airline choosing not to distribute its tickets via a channel where competitors' offers are directly observable may attempt taking advantage of potential customers. We find this to be the case. Our study suggests that the US airline industry appears to be evolving toward more product differentiation in the internet age.     

Bike-share rebalancing strategies,patterns, and purpose

We provide a first spatio-temporal exploration of bicycle sharing system (BSS) rebalancing patterns from data extracted for individual stations at a fine temporal scale and operator interviews. Analyzing rebalancing operations for nine BSS, we describe implications for operators, municipalities, and future optimization work. We find that stations adjacent to transit hubs receive disproportionate amounts of rebalancing relative to trips and that rebalancing is more often responding to morning and afternoon demand exceeding station dock capacities rather than longer term accumulations of bicycles. More importantly, we observe some operator’ rebalancing behaviors constrained between opposing goals of maximizing trips, profits, and service level agreements. Many BSS have no explicitly defined purpose, but existing rebalancing strategies can support or clash with the purpose or suggested benefits of a BSS.     

US airport ownership,efficiency, and heterogeneity

All US commercial airports are in the public sector yet not all have the same ownership type. For medium and large hub US airports we use stochastic frontier analysis to analyze the efficiency differences for alternative airport ownership types. We find that while form of ownership may matter for cost efficiency, in general its effect is relatively small. Yet type of public sector ownership does have cost efficiency implications in certain environments. Further, when heterogeneity is not controlled, the results change substantially so that type of ownership matters much more which demonstrates the importance of controlling for cross section heterogeneity.     

Tourism and aesthetic design: enchantment,style, and commerce

In an era of intense global competition, companies are searching for ways to achieve competitive advantage. The development of visually attractive products and physical settings can aid in the creation of brand differentiation and influence the purchasing behaviour of consumers. Image and style are important within consumer culture, as can be observed in everything from automobiles and home furnishings to clothes and Internet sites. Design appears to have transformed an ever expanding range of goods and spaces into attractive and enchanting commodities and commercial environments. In this paper, it is argued that the appearance of hotels is increasingly characterized by a form of commodified enchantment, the product of an aestheticization process that aims to create novelty, surprise, and excitement. Aesthetic ennoblement has become a reflection of capitalism's drive to produce appealing and fashionable environments that turn pleasure and comfort into profit. In a world increasingly shaped by consumption and commerce, the place of aesthetics is more complex than mere decoration.     

Product, operation, and demand relationships between manufacturers and retailers

This paper presents a framework for identifying the most adequate distribution structure between manufacturing and retailers, considering different characteristics of product, operation, and demand. Based on the random generation of different scenarios, it is indicated the adequacy of direct, echeloned, and mixed distribution structures to a given set of demand uncertainty, lead time variability, holding costs, and transportation costs. Sensitivity analyses are also performed to address managerial issues, such as the mission of a Local DC and the convenience of lead time demand pooling. Findings suggest an increase of mixed distribution structures to the detriment of purely direct/echeloned ones.     

Airport charges,economic growth,and cost recovery

This paper shows that “strict” financial break-even for airports may not be socially desirable. To maximize social welfare, airports should be allowed to take losses or make profits at different times while achieving break-even only in the long run. In particular, with economies growing over time, socially optimal pricing for a new airport can involve deficit in its early years and surplus in its later years. This result has practical policy implications for the newly-built or expanded airports especially in the Asia-Pacific region.