人口结构、资本流动与全球经济失衡

本文将资本流动和全球经济失衡纳入同一研究框架,将人口结构提升为影响长期资本流动和全球经济失衡的最重要的因素之一进行探讨,采用面板协整检验、系统广义矩估计模型、混合最小二乘模型、固定效应模型、似无相关模型等实证方法,对一个基于全球126个国家形成的面板数据进行分析和研究。本文发现,老年抚养比和少年抚养比对于经常账户有显著负向影响,实证结果支持了人口结构是长期资本流动和全球经济失衡的重要影响因素这一理论。     

量化宽松、资本流动与国际间货币政策协调

主要利用美国国际收支(简称BOP)账户、资金流量表等统计数据探讨量化宽松与资本流动之间相互联系。分析表明,国际资本流动与量化宽松之间关系密切,量化宽松是资本流向EMEs的重要原因,反过来资本流动则影响了量化宽松的有效性,量化宽松和资本流动是引发全球货币汇率冲突的关键性因素。各国应通过国际协调促进宏观经济政策的生效和压制冲突,使全球经济得以更加平衡地复苏以压制冲突,而且发达国家应承担更大的调整责任。     

International Capital Flows and East Asian Economic Dynamism*

A Review Article on The East-West Pendulum by Robert Lloyd George and Foreign Direct Investment and Industrialization in Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan and Thailand, OECD, Paris by Linda Y.C. Lim and Pang Eng Fong     

从国际和历史角度看国际资本流动与金融安全问题

近一两年来,在世界许多国家都出现了国民经济金融安全问题的热烈讨论.一些意见主要针对国际资本流动,尤其是针对各种形式的国际资本流入本国经济及可能带来的广泛影响.     

国际资本流动的新特征及其影响

随着经济全球化的进一步发展,全球金融市场一体化日益深化,国际资本流动不仅日趋活跃,而且具有了新的特征,国际资本流动的变化对世界经济运行也正在产生正面与负面的影响。国际资本流动的新变化要求各国对于国际资本应该趋利避害,做出及时和合适的应对。     

人民币汇率预期、短期国际资本流动与房价

2015年8月,央行进行中间价形成机制改革,人民币汇率预期的波动增强,短期国际资本流动及房价随之呈现出不同的特征。文章探索了三者间的传导机制,发现人民币汇率预期升值会促进短期国际资本流入,而流入的短期国际资本对房价的影响却与汇率预期的波动强度有关。文章采用TVPSV-VAR模型对2010年7月至2016年12月的月度数据进行了实证研究,发现在两次汇改后,汇率预期波动较大,人民币汇率预期升值冲击通过短期国际资本流动更多地作用于房地产的需求端,使房价加速上涨。基于在不同汇率预期波动条件下三者的互动关系特征,文章从人民币汇率预期管理、短期国际资本的管理和引导以及综合管理机制的建立的角度提出政策建议。     

国际短期资本流动与国际货币合作方式的选择

开放经济条件下,一国进行国际货币合作以解除经济相互依存笥所带来的政策约束与负外部性可以通过三种方式实现,分别是国际融资合作、汇率联合管理、货币政策的国际协调。一国对合作方式的选择取决于国 际短期资本的流动性,这是由于不同的资本流动性对一国外部均衡的影响有很大的差异。     

International Capital Flows,Land Conversion and Wage Inequality in Poor Countries

Open Economies Review - Conversion of land from agricultural to industrial use has met with strong opposition in many developing countries in recent times. A number of relevant papers study welfare...     

Capital Flows and Crises

There are many things that went wrong for the countries caught up in the Asian crisis of 1997, but out of the myriad causes, two clear central problems can be identified—the fatal combination of large and volatile international capital flows, interacting with fragile domestic financial sectors. This paper focuses on the first of these issues— international capital flows.     

International Capital Flows in the Model with Limited Commitment and Incomplete Markets

Recent literature has proposed two alternative types of financial frictions, i.e., limited commitment and incomplete markets, to explain the empirical patterns of international capital flows between developed and developing countries in the past two decades. This paper integrates these two frictions into a two-country overlapping-generations framework to facilitate a direct comparison of their respective effects. In our model, limited commitment distorts the investment made by agents with different productivity, which creates a wedge between the interest rates on equity capital vs. credit capital; while incomplete markets distort the investment among projects with different riskiness, which creates a wedge between the risk-free rate and the mean rate of return to risky capital. We show that the two approaches are observationally equivalent with respect to their implications for international capital flows, production efficiency, and aggregate output.     

Capital Flows,Financial Intermediation and Macroprudential Policies

This paper develops an open-economy DSGE model with an optimizing banking sector to assess the role of capital flows, macro-financial linkages, and macroprudential policies. The key result is that macroprudential measures can usefully complement monetary policy. Countercyclical macroprudential polices can help reduce macroeconomic volatility and enhance welfare. The results also demonstrate the importance of capital flows and financial stability for business cycle fluctuations as well as the role of supply side financial accelerator effects in the amplification and propagation of shocks.     

货币战争的中国对策:积极应对国际资本流动冲击

积极应对国际资本流动冲击是中国打赢阻击热钱的对策。对于热钱,要做到清楚情况、充分利用、适度监管和妥善引导。     

跨境资本流动、宏观审慎管理与金融稳定

文章研究了在开放经济下,宏观审慎政策如何降低由跨境资本流动引发投资过热导致的金融失衡、社会福利损失,并着重分析了在不同违约概率条件下,如何从跨境资本流动渠道运用审慎工具抑制系统性风险的顺周期累积,而后通过一个四变量MS-VAR模型,实证分析了不同宏观审慎政策工具对中国经济周期、金融周期以及金融杠杆的区制效应.结果表明,...     

弹性汇率制度下的国际资本流动调控策略

将资本因素引入供给函数,考虑到外汇市场微观结构,可以构建一个弹性汇率制度和资本有限流动下的宏观经济模型。模型分析显示:放松投资性资本管制会增大国际收支逆差和国内商品市场超额供给的矫正难度,放松投机性资本管制会增大外部失衡的矫正难度;弹性汇率制下, 利率平价机制作用使国际市场利率变化的经济冲击随资本管制降低而增强,更易发生汇率超调。由此引申的政策建议是:资本项目开放更加审慎,适时进行外汇干预,保持国内外利率的动态一致。     

资本账户开放、资本流动与金融稳定——基于宏观审慎的视角

文章基于金融稳定的宏观审慎视角,运用动态随机一般均衡模型实证分析了在我国资本账户开放程度加深的背景下宏观审慎政策与货币政策的协调问题。研究认为,逆周期的宏观审慎政策具有专业性和针对性,应由独立于央行的部门执行,以避免逆周期调控与央行刺激经济增长的货币政策相冲突;央行货币政策的制定在考虑稳定通胀和产出的同时,还应关注银行信贷的变动。除使用宏观审慎政策维护金融稳定以外,文章还发现提升全社会生产力水平能够对金融和经济平稳发展起到较为长远的作用。     

Border Effect Estimates for France and Germany Combining International Trade and Intranational Transport Flows

Since the seminal contribution of McCallum (1995) economists have tried to estimate the border effect for other countries than the United States and Canada, but have been confronted with a key data problem: data on regional trade flows are extremely rare. The different approaches put forward to overcome this lack of information have been shown to hinge crucially on certain distance measures. The main purpose of this paper is to develop a method that allows us determining border effects with a high degree of accuracy in the absence of intra-national trade data. We show how to improve the estimation of border effects with the example of France and Germany using data on regional transportation flows. Our results indicate that France trades about eight times more and Germany about three times more with itself than with other EU countries, respectively, compared to the predictions of the gravity equation. JEL no. F15     

Capital Flows: Issues and Policies

This paper presents an analytical overview of recent contributions to the literature on the policy implications of capital flows in emerging and developing countries, focusing specifically on capital inflows as well as on the links between inflows and subsequent capital-flow reversals. The objective is to clarify the policy challenges that such inflows pose and to evaluate the policy alternatives available to the recipient countries to cope with those challenges. A large menu of possible policy responses to large capital inflows is considered, and experience with the use of such policies is reviewed. A policy “decision tree”—i.e., an algorithm for determining how to deploy policies in response to an exogenous inflow episode—is developed, and strategies to achieve resilience to both inflows and outflows in a world where exogenous events may frequently drive capital flows in both directions are discussed.     

资本流动与上海郊区城镇化建设

文章运用F-H模型和新增长模型分析资本流动对上海郊区城镇化建设的促进作用,并对近十年来上海郊区资本流动规模进行测算。分析结果表明,在上海郊区城镇化建设过程中,各区县的资本流动性较高,资本流动规模逐年增加,并且呈现为资本净流入情况。资本流动促进了上海郊区资本要素及其他生产要素的再配置,提高了资源的利用效率,有利于国民经济整体增长率的提高,对城镇化建设和地区经济增长具有巨大贡献。因此,在未来我国城镇化进程中,要充分发挥资本流动对不同层次市场主体的影响作用,通过增加资本流动的动力机制,加快资本流动对城镇化和经济增长的促进作用。     

Net Foreign Asset Positions,Capital Flows and GDP Spillovers

Open Economies Review - This paper sheds light on global GDP spillovers in the context of external imbalances. We adopt a Bayesian time-varying panel vector autoregression framework to analyze the...     

Migration Flows and Intra-Industry Trade Adjustments

In this paper we analyse the link between trade and migration. Focusing on the experience of Spain, we relate a marginal index of intra-industry trade to the stock of foreign workers—classified according to their country of origin and their situation in the Spanish labour market. We focus on the possibility that existing networks of foreign workers and their connections with their countries of origin could stimulate trade with the host country. Our results show a significant impact of the number of immigrants with work permits on intra-industry trade adjustment. However, this impact being positive or negative depends on whether foreign workers are employees or self-employed, the duration of the work permits and the type of job they occupy. JEL no. F10, F14, F15, F22