Corporate Espionage and Workplace Trust/Distrust

The central focus of this research is: The growing corporate espionage activities due to fierce competition lead to highly controlling security measures and intensive employee monitoring which bring about distrust in the workplace. The paper examines various research works on trust and distrust. It highlights the conflictful demands managers face. They have to deter espionage activities, but at the same time, build trusting relationships in the workplace. The paper also describes various operations, personnel, physical and technical countermeasuresto combat corporate espionage together with three espionage case examples which illustrate the importance of some of these countermeasures. Various authors' trust and distrust arguments are used to assess the cases. The paper ends with suggestions for future research.     

The Productive Tension of Trust and Distrust: The Coexistence and Relative Role of Trust and Distrust in Online Banking

This study examines the effects of trustworthiness perceptions and trustor dispositions on trust and distrust as well as the downstream influence of trust and distrust on intention to use online banking. More than 500 college students located across two universities completed a survey to provide data for the study. The findings from this study suggest that the “blind trust” and “blind distrust” perspectives used in isolation are incomplete and that a more comprehensive model of trust requires the inclusion of both perspectives. As hypothesized, results also support the assertion that trust and distrust are distinct constructs and that the established e-retailing trust nomological network holds in an online banking context. The study also contributes to the literature by establishing several distrust antecedents, as well as illustrating distrust's negative effect on intention to use online banking. Finally, the study illustrates how the influence of trust can overwhelm the effect of distrust in an online banking context.     

Professional Ethics and The Culture of Trust

The cause of ethical failure in organisations often can be traced to their organisational culture and the failure on the part of the leadership to actively promote ethical ideals and practices. This is true of all types of organisations, including the professions, which in recent years have experienced ongoing ethical problems. The questions naturally arise: what sort of professional culture promotes ethical behaviour? How can it be implemented by a profession and engendered in the individual professional? The answers to these questions are of interest to business ethicists since the causes of ethical problems in business are often the same and the professions, as ethically challenged organisations, make useful and informative analogues for the measures to be adopted or avoided when the attempt is made to raise the ethical standards of business. Given this focus on the professions, it will be argued that the usual, direct attempts to control unethical behaviour by using codes of ethics, legislation and self-regulatory regimes, are not successful. The answer, it will be argued, lies in using an enforced self-regulation model that aims for ethics indirectly. Such a strategy seeks to develop a goal-orientated professional culture which is actively promoted by the leadership of the profession as well as the members. Specifically, the culture is one that seeks to promote trust in the profession and trustworthiness as a virtue exemplified in each individual. It will be argued that in order to develop a professional culture that cultivates trust a profession will need to develop certain institutions, programs and structures within the profession. I conclude by setting out a model of these trust-cultivating structures.     

儒家文化、社会信任与普惠金融

中国儒家文化和社会信任是否会影响普惠金融的实践效果？历史经验和理论研究都对此做出了肯定的回答.然而,一些实践中的困境和理论上的未尽议题促使我们从微观层面上对此进行重审.通过分析中国综合社会调查数据,我们得出以下结论:社会信任促进了普惠金融的普及,而儒家文化的秉承与践行却弱化了普惠金融的惠及可能性;社会信任对普惠金融的影响更多地体现为社会关系推动的面向,而非文化推动的面向;儒家文化尚未渗透到社会信任体系之中——在金融意义上,儒家文化的影响并不表现在“信”的面向,而是嵌入到以“孝”为特征的家文化之中,并在一定程度上弱化了经济收入对普惠金融的积极作用.普惠金融的制度框架设计应以社会征信体系的完善为基础,引入社会利益倾斜机制和社会权利能力赋予机制,体现对社会责任的应有担当;同时应充分借助儒家文化与社会发展相互“合意”的一面,以文化推动并实现金融在普惠性和安全性之间的平衡.     

Causal and Corrective Organisational Culture: A Systematic Review of Case Studies of Institutional Failure

Journal of Business Ethics - Organisational culture is assumed to be a key factor in large-scale and avoidable institutional failures (e.g. accidents, corruption). Whilst models such as...     

Trust,but Verify: MD&;A Language and the Role of Trust in Corporate Culture

Recent scholarship in philosophy, law, and information systems suggests that respecting privacy entails understanding the implicit privacy norms about what, why, and to whom information is shared within specific relationships. These social contracts are important to understand if firms are to adequately manage the privacy expectations of stakeholders. This paper explores a social contract approach to developing, acknowledging, and protecting privacy norms within specific contexts. While privacy as a social contract—a mutually beneficial agreement within a community about sharing and using information—has been introduced theoretically and empirically, the full impact on firms of an alternative framework to respecting the privacy expectations of stakeholders has not been examined. The goal of this paper is to examine how privacy norms develop through social contract’s narrative, to redescribe privacy violations given the social contract approach, and to critically examine the role of business as a contractor in developing privacy norms. A social contract narrative dealing specifically with issues of privacy is an important next step in exploring a social contract approach to privacy. Here, the narrative is used to explain to analyze the dynamic process of privacy norm generation within particular communities. Based on this narrative, individuals within a given community discriminately share information with a particular set of obligations in mind as to who has access to the information and how it will be used. Rather than giving away privacy, individuals discriminately share information within a particular community and with norms governing the use of their information. Similar to contractual business ethics’ impact on global commerce in explaining how and why norms vary across global contexts, the social contract approach to privacy explains how and why norms vary across communities of actors. Focusing on agreements around privacy expectations shifts the responsibility of firms from adequate notification to the responsibility of firms as contractors to maintain a mutually beneficial and sustainable solution.     

论以知识为基础的企业组织文化建设

企业的组织文化将成为以知识为基础的企业管理的最高境界。以知识为基础的企业组织文化建设应孕育以智力为本源，以学习为基础，以创新为动力，以变革求发展的理念。只有这样，企业才能永葆青春和活力。     

A Cultural Perspective of Relationship Orientation: Using Organisational Culture to Support a Supply Relationship Orientation

Relationship marketing theory maintains that firms can engage in a multitude of relationships oriented towards key stakeholders such as customers and suppliers. This study explores one type of relationship orientation from the viewpoint of the relationships firms have with their suppliers, referred to as a Supply Relationship Orientation (SRO). We take an organisational culture perspective positing that an SRO is manifested through the basic assumptions, values, artifacts and behaviours of the organisation and introduce a measurement tool for SRO. Based on a study of buyers' perceptions of their firms' relationship orientation towards suppliers, the results indicate that an organisational culture perspective of relationship orientation appears valid and enhances previous studies of relationship orientation by providing support for being culturally embedded     

巴蜀文化元素视觉符号系统的构建研究

着力于巴蜀文化的显性（物质）层面,筛选出最能代表其特征的文化元素,分析其文化含义,抽绎其典型视觉符号,进而确定其形态、色彩、材质和风格等方面的特征,构建巴蜀文化元素的视觉传达符号系统,为当下四川土特产品包装设计的地域性表达提供可资借鉴的思路。     

Management Accounting Systems and Organisational Structure

In this paper we present an empirical analysis to test whether organisation configurations and management accounting systems change simultaneously. Using the original application of the fuzzy logic methodology, we analyse the level of development and implementation of the management accounting system and the organisational configuration on a sample of 501 Italian firms. Even though we employ a cross-sectional approach, the results may be interpreted according to the life cycle model. Our findings show that the evolution of the organisational configurations is not always coherent with the relevance assumed by management accounting systems. In particular, we find a large group of companies with a simple organisational configuration and a well-developed management accounting system. We interpret the presence of this cluster dynamically as an intermediate stage of growth towards more complex forms of organisation.     

新时期大学校园文化建设的问题与路径

高校的校园文化是社会主义先进文化的一个重要组成部分。当前,大学校园文化建设存在的主要问题是校园精神文化建设与物质建设不同步,校园文化建设主体缺失,校园文化建设缺少特色内容。提升校园文化建设水平,应树立校园文化建设的精神导向,建设特色化的校园文化,扩展校园文化建设的载体,形成全方位育人的教育氛围。     

Rowena Olegario. A Culture of Credit: Embedding Trust and Transparency in American Business

Rowena Olegario has written a narrative about the importanceof information in the development of the U.S. economy by exploringthe development of mercantile agencies, organizations that pioneeredthe practices of credit evaluation and reporting in nineteenth-centuryAmerica. The main argument throughout the book is that the establishmentof credit evaluation and reporting moved business behavior frombehind a veil of secrecy and institutionalized a culture oftransparency throughout the economy. Mercantile agencies accomplishedthis transformation by commodifying credit     

Pyramids of Trust: Social Embeddedness and Political Culture in Two Italian Gold Jewelry Districts

This article demonstrates the usefulness of the notion of embeddednessto the historical study of Italian industrial districts of smallfirms and of local economic change more generally. The developmentof gold jewelry production in two Italian towns, Valenza Poand Arezzo, shows that vertical disintegration was enabled bythe creation of networks of heterogeneous social relations.In both towns, social and political ties led to the creationof institutions of collective governance, which in turn produceda workable level of trust between economic actors. The productionof trust, however, never ceased to be a contentious process,endowed with multiple and often contradictory meanings embeddedin specific networks and contexts, ranging from collective projectsof modernization in Valenza Po to the cementing of a secretiveinformal economy in Arezzo. The embeddedness approach to economicaction is superior both to the communitarian arguments of muchof the literature on the Italian industrial districts and totransaction-cost theories, which tend to view institutions ininstrumental and functionalist ways.     

Organisational justice and customer citizenship behaviour of retail industries

Previous research has concerned itself more with customers' purchasing behaviours but not non-purchasing behaviour. Hence, the purpose of this study is to investigate the organisational justice (OJ) and customer citizenship behaviour (CCB), including the mediating role of organisational trust. A survey was conducted on a sample of 447 fast-food restaurant customers in Taiwan in order to test the proposed model. The findings showed that the customers who have higher perceptions of justice have higher levels of trust and CCB. Positive relationship was found between trust and CCB. In addition, trust has a partially significant mediating effect between OJ and CCB. The findings are discussed in terms of their theoretical and practical implications, and also provide some suggestions for managerial practice and further research.     

Organisational Perception of Customer Satisfaction: Theories and Evidence

Do managers in service organisations believe that the struggle matters more than the triumph? This paper proposes a model of organisational perception of customer satisfaction which posits that, given a lack of first-hand information on customer responses, organisations tend to adopt a process-based approach of evaluating the level of satisfaction of their customers. This evaluation process depends not on the assessment of actual outcomes such as sales revenue and customer complaints, but instead on the organisational efforts involved in satisfying the needs of customers. The propositions are tested by surveying 150 e-banking service providers and the data supports the hypotheses.     

龙江文化促进和谐产业体系构建的作用机理分析

文化引导产业体系的构建,培育企业文化,对产业体系的构建具有促动作用。龙江文化的具体表现形式主要包括价值取向、思维、理念、战略思想和制度环境。先进的龙江文化会促进和谐产业体系的发展,成为经济竞争力的核心要素。要善于利用龙江文化的价值多元化,对多元化的价值进行整合,并形成科学的战略思维,以更快更好的建设和谐产业体系。