Social Sustainability in Selecting Emerging Economy Suppliers

Despite the growing public awareness of social sustainability issues, little is known about what drives firms to emphasize social criteria in their supplier management practices and what the precise benefits of such efforts are. This is especially true for relationships with international suppliers from the world’s emerging economies in Asia, Latin America, and Eastern Europe. Building on stakeholder theory, we address the issue by examining how pressures from customers, the government, and employees as primary constituencies of the firm determine the extent to which firms consider social aspects in the selection of emerging economy suppliers. Further, we analyze how such socially sustainable supplier selection relates to the capabilities of the firm’s suppliers, its market reputation, and the learning in its supply management organization. We test the developed research framework empirically using data from 244 U.S. and German corporations. Our findings, consistent with our hypothesized model, suggest that middle-level supply managers as internal stakeholders play a major driving role for firms’ socially sustainable supplier selection, and that strong positive links exist between that selection and the investigated outcomes.     

Industry Specific Sustainability Benchmarks: An ECSF Pilot Bridging Corporate Sustainability with Social Responsible Investments

This paper investigates the state of the art with respect to sustainability reporting, its linkages with the corporations, internal measurement and monitoring systems and their combined impact on the quality of contemporary sustainability benchmarks, developed by SRI analysts and so-called rating and screening agencies. This research originated from the EU-funded research initiative to create a new generation management framework for corporate sustainability and responsibility (CS-R). The aim of it is to develop a coherent set of assessment –, measurement – and monitoring tools. The sustainability benchmark tool should align the interests of corporations implementing CS-R and various organizations supporting SRI, such as fund managers, analysts and screening agencies. This paper show the essentials features of an actual sustainability benchmark which is currently under construction. This approach will have significance impact on the further development of SRI and CS-R practices, as well as support the development of sustainability reporting standards.     

金融约束与积极财政政策可持续性研究

应用理论模型论证了积极财政政策可持续性的理论可能性 ,并引入金融约束理论对中国的积极财政政策进行了分析 ,结论是 :中国积极财政政策具有可持续性 ,其关键是政府实行金融约束。     

大国经济的可持续性与大国金融模式

大国经济的可持续发展需要一个与大国经济结构相匹配的大国金融模式。美国经济长达一个世纪的持续稳定增长与美国市场主导型金融体系密切相关。日本经济近20年增长乏力,重要原因是日本金融体系功能的缺失。对中国来说,美、日两国的经验和教训值得我们重视。构建一个具有强大资源配置功能且能有效分散风险的现代金融体系,以实现大国经济与大国金融的战略匹配,是金融危机后中国面临的战略任务之一。     

知识经济与企业财务管理转型

知识经济的来临，带来了许多全新的机遇和挑战，也给企业的财务管理提出了新的要求，为此，现代企业财务管理必须体现出与传统工业时代完全不同的新特点、新方法，并实现财务管理理念，管理方法和管理内容的创新与转型。     

The Sustainability of Social Capital within Ethnic Networks

This paper examines informal networks that support the British Asianbusiness community. Ethnic communities have been crucial to facilitatingthe economic development of their migrant members, as they make thetransition from economic refugees to citizens. The basis of thisinformal support is the notion of social capital offered to kinsmen whoarrived with finite resources. However, as successive generations havebecome more integrated with the wider community reliance on theseresources is forecast to decrease. Research has shown that subsequentAsian generations are developing complex relations in their attitudesand reliance towards their ethnic community (Janjuha-Jivraj and Woods,2002) it is still an area that is very active in providing crucialinformal business support. There is however, a distinct difference inattitudes between first and second generations in terms of acceptingbusiness support from the ethnic community. This issue is furthercompounded by difficulties among external support agencies inpenetrating ethnic businesses. This leads to the following questions: ? What forms of social capital are evident and how important are they in sustaining relationships within the religious-ethnic community? ? How crucial is the ethnic community in providing an infrastructure to offer support. This paper is based on a network of businesses that are members of a sub-group across Greater London. It is anticipated that the findings will help to unravel the impact of migratory bonds on community members. This in turn will provide useful information for service providers when considering how to successfully target ethnic businesses.     

体制的变革:社会市场经济与社会主义市场经济的对比

通过运用比较的方法,从理论内涵、产生背景、发展环境以及社会体制等方面,对德国社会市场经济以及中国现存的社会主义市场经济这两种经济体制进行细致的区别分析,比较二者之间存在的差异,得出的结论是联邦德国所实行的社会市场经济与我国正逐步建立的社会主义市场经济有很大程度的差异。正是这种极大的差异性,使我国无法直接或较多的采用社会市场经济原理。在我国,市场经济体制是同社会主义基本经济制度紧紧相连的,改革的目标不是要否定社会主义制度,而是要通过不断的制度创新克服传统计划经济体制的弊端,赋予社会主义基本制度新的活力。     

对我国养老保险制度财务可持续性的分析

运用精算估计方法 ,分别对我国现行的城镇职工养老保险方案和 2 0 0 1年辽宁省试点方案的未来财务状况进行了预测分析 ,对制度的未来财务可持续性进行了研究 ,最后提出一些改革建议。     

对我国养老保险制度财务可持续性的分析

运用精算估计方法,分别对我国现行的城镇职工养老保险方案和2001年辽宁省试点方案的未来财务状况进行了预测分析,对制度的未来财务可持续性进行了研究,最后提出一些改革建议.     

Sustainability Practices and Corporate Financial Performance: A Study Based on the Top Global Corporations

Sustainability is concerned with the impact of present actions on the ecosystems, societies, and environments of the future. Such concerns should be reflected in the strategic planning of sustainable corporations. Strategic intentions of this nature are operationalized through the adoption of a long-term focus and a more inclusive set of responsibilities focusing on ethical practices, employees, environment, and customers. A central hypothesis, that we test in this paper is that companies which attend to this set of responsibilities under the term superior sustainable practices, have higher financial performance compared to those that do not engage in such practices. The target population of this study consists of the top 100 sustainable global companies in 2008 which have been selected from a universe of 3,000 firms from the developed countries and emerging markets. We find significant higher mean sales growth, return on assets, profit before taxation, and cash flows from operations in some activity sectors of the sample companies compared to the control companies over the period of 2006–2010. Furthermore, our findings show that the higher financial performance of sustainable companies has increased and been sustained over the sample. Notwithstanding sample limitation, causal evidence reported in this paper suggests that, there is bi-directional relationship between corporate social responsibilities practices and corporate financial performance.     

综合报告：社会责任信息与财务信息的融合

无论是企业还是社会公众,现在对社会责任报告都已不再陌生。近年,国际上又出现了企业对外报告的新形式,综合报告,将原先分别通过年度财务报告和独立的社会责任报告披露的财务信息与社会责任信息融合于一体。作为一种的新的发展趋势,究竟什么是综合报告,如何编制综合报告以及综合报告在国际上的采用程度等,本文拟就此做一些简单介绍。     

Financial Development and the Social Cost of Financial Intermediation in Africa

This article investigates the effect of financial development on the social costs of financial intermediation across a large number of banks in Africa. The study distinguishes between countries that are financially developed and those that are not financially developed to examine the impact of financial development on the social costs of financial intermediation. A sample of 260 banks from 29 countries in Africa is used over an 8-year period from 2006 to 2013. We employ both Random Effect and GMM techniques to resolve the issues of unobserved heterogeneity and endogeneity. We observe that overall, financial development reduces the social costs of intermediation. We also determine that the social costs of intermediation are lower for countries that have more developed financial systems compared to those with less developed financial systems. Our study is useful because it suggests that if countries want to reduce their social costs of intermediation, they should develop their financial systems.     

网络经济下财务管理新思考

互联网的发展与普及、电子商务浪潮的涌起 ,导致了网络经济时代的来临。在网络经济下 ,人们传统的资本、财富、价值观念发生了变化 ,财务管理的环境发生了变迁。这必然引起财务管理的发展和创新。从财务管理的理论结构、内容及职能三个方面探讨财务管理的创新。     

Social Performance and Firm Risk: Impact of the Financial Crisis

This paper examines the impact of the recent financial crisis (2008–2009) on the relation between a firm’s risk and social performance (SP) using a sample of non-financial U.S. firms covering the period 1991–2012. We find that the relation between SP and risk is significantly different in the crisis period (post-crisis period) compared to the pre-crisis period. SP reduces volatility during the financial crisis. The risk reduction potential of SP is mainly due to the strengths component of SP. Since the relation of risk is stronger with SP strengths than SP concerns, this implies an asymmetric relation between these SP components and a firm’s risk. Specifically, strengths act as a risk reduction tool during an adverse economic environment.     

转轨经济中的金融自由化:次序与路径选择

发展中国家在推进金融市场化改革进程中,引发了大规模的通货失控,信用紧缩及资本外流问题.经验告诉我们,金融服务贸易市场开放的“次序”至关重要.根据我国初始经济条件、国际国内政治环境和经济形势、政府能力和政府的社会信任度,我国金融开放应做出适合自己的次序安排和路径选择.