Awareness and perceptions of the Johnson & Johnson Campaign for Nursing's Future: views from nursing students, RNs, and CNOs

Johnson & Johnson launched the Campaign in February 2002. Data from surveys of nursing students, RNs, and CNOs reflect a high level of awareness of several key elements of the Campaign--advertisements, recruitment materials, the discovernursing.com Web site, and regional "Promise of Nursing" fundraising events. The J & J Campaign for Nursing's Future represents the largest involvement of the private corporate sector, and through this initiative we are learning new and innovative ways to examine the challenges confronting the nursing workforce and develop actions to help resolve them.     

The Reality of the Present and the Challenge of the Future: J. Fagg Foster for the Twenty-First Century

This paper revisits J. Fagg Foster’s early assessment of the relevance of John Maynard Keynes’s theory of institutional economics. In his view, neither institutionalists nor most of Keynes’s followers really recognized the importance of Keynes’s theoretical insights. I examine Foster’s views on economic theory, with a particular focus on monetary theory. I apply Foster’s approach to what is now called modern money theory, an approach developed by heterodox economists working in the institutionalist and post-Keynesian traditions. I argue that this approach is consistent with Foster’s, and it offers a way forward to policy formation for the twenty-first century.     

Trade policy & lobbying effectiveness: Theory and evidence for India

How do we understand differences in effectiveness in lobbying for trade policy? To explain lobbying effectiveness, I introduce a new measure into Grossman and Helpman's (1994, American Economic Review 84: 833–850) model of protection-for-sale (PFS). Differences in effectiveness are explained on the basis that some groups make a better case for protection by sending a signal regarding information they possess and that is considered by policy makers before setting trade policies. I begin by estimating a standard PFS model for India using a measure of political organization, a common approach in the empirical literature on PFS. To overcome the need to define such a binary political organization variable, I then use panel data to estimate the new measure of relative lobbying effectiveness. For the most effective sectors, a high output to import ratio translates into higher trade protection; for the least effective sectors, higher output to import ratio translates into lower trade protection. Examining some of the political economy influences on lobbying effectiveness, I find that producing similar goods reduces the positive effect of geographical proximity on effectiveness. Hence, within a sector, firms in close proximity and producing similar goods compete to lobby rather than cooperating or free-riding.     

能源循环利用的制度安排与经济的和谐增长——基于政府的机制设计

随着经济的高速增长.我国已经成为全球名列前茅的能耗大国,而近年来世界能源价格普遍上涨使得长期以来处于粗放型增长阶段的我国工业生产逐渐面临能源瓶颈。以高能耗为代价的产值增长不符合科学发展观的要求,也不利于经济保持长期增长的活力。本文通过建立计量模型研究发现,我国工业企业并没有足够的自主激励进行提高能源利用效率的技术投入,进而应用机制设计理论建立博弈模型分析了政府在激励企业加大能源循环利用的技术投入、实现经济的和谐增长过程中所应进行的制度安排。     

Farewell Anatolia: Refugees & the rise of the Greek Left

The population exchange of 1923 between Greece and Turkey consolidated the influx of more than 1.5 million refugees from Anatolia and East Thrace into Greece. In this article, we exploit the regional distribution of refugees at the sub-prefectural (province) level as a natural experiment in order to delineate the political effects of what the Greeks call the Asia Minor Catastrophe. We find that the settlement of refugees produced positive persistent effects on the electoral share of left-wing parties in the interwar and postwar periods. This is particularly the case for provinces with a high settlement rate of refugees originating from Asia Minor rather than from East Thrace or the Black Sea region. However, the refugee impact on the left-wing vote disappears completely in the post-dictatorship period.     

柔性化：未来营销组织发展的方向

２０世纪９０年代以来,企业营销环境的变化日益加剧,使得企业营销战略管理模式由以适应现有环境为主向以依靠上下层互动、创造未来竞争优势为主的动态营销管理模式转变。这要求企业的营销组织结构也应进行相应的变革,富有弹性和灵活性,柔性营销组织正是具有这一特殊性的营销组织形式。但只有进行功能定位和组织学习,明确柔性工作岗位,培养具有柔性意识和应变能力的营销人员,才能真正发挥柔性营销组织的作用。     

Barking Up the Wrong Tree: A Reply to Haynes & Husan

The Albanian economy in the 1990s experienced a rapid recovery from its near-collapse in 1992. The rapid economic growth between 1993 and 1996 was exceptional by East European standards, and represented the highest rate of sustained economic growth of all transition economies. This investigation indicates that the standard explanations for recovery and growth in transition economies, such as the pace of economic reform or the levels of domestic and foreign investment, do not adequately explain the rapid growth of the Albanian economy. Factors specific to Albania also need to be considered. The main conclusion drawn here is that the success of the Albanian economy in the mid-1990s rested largely upon the inflow of remittances from Albanians working abroad. These remittances are shown to have been much greater in value than was previously assumed by the IMF: in the region of $700 million per annum rather than $400 million. Remittances are also found to have played a much greater role in Albania's economic recovery than was previously recognised. It is demonstrated that the rise of pyramid investment schemes in 1996 was closely linked to the inflow of remittances. Such schemes are also found to have played a part in fuelling the rapid economic growth in the Albanian economy, before their collapse in 1997.     

The Future of East Asia’s Trade: A Call for Better Globalization

This paper is about how East Asia should respond to the challenges of the external environment. The first challenge is the current slowdown in trade, which has been due to cyclical and structural factors such as the decline in productivity and the maturation of global value chains. The rise in protectionism as measured by rising trade restrictiveness has not impacted on trade, but political and policy uncertainty regarding the direction of trade policy seems to have begun to impact on trade growth. The policy stance of increased protectionism and a retreat from the multilateral rules‐based trading system is linked to the pockets of the population who have not seen their incomes improve and who have blamed their plight and increased inequality on globalization. In fact, the issue is more about the lack of effective responses to manage the costs of trade liberalization. East Asian economies need to respond to these challenges by upholding the multilateral rules‐based trading system, continuing the various pathways to regional economic integration, and ensuring better globalization through effective capacity building and policies to address the negative effects of trade liberalization.     

Patterns and determinants of the horizontal and vertical intra-industry trade of regions: panel analysis for Spain & Poland

ABSTRACT

Most of the empirical studies in the literature on intra-industry trade are conducted at the country level. Countries, however, differ in terms of granularity and internal heterogeneity. In the present study we empirically identify the determinants of the overall IIT as well as its horizontal and vertical components in the trade of Spanish and Polish NUTS-2 regions with all existing trade partners over the period 2005–2014. In order to obtain unbiased results, we utilize a semi-mixed effect model, estimated with the PPML method. We estimate the models jointly for all Spanish and Polish regions and then disjointly in a comparative manner – in order to identify incongruities of reaction to the various factors investigated. These include both traditional factors and a number of unorthodox factors such as regional path dependence, quality of regional institutions, the core or peripheral status of the reporting region.     

War,money & economy: Inflation and production in the Fed and pre-Fed periods

The Review of Austrian Economics - Do the effects of wars influence our perceptions of U.S. economic performance? This paper compares the rates and volatilities of inflation and GDP growth under...     

智慧企业理论模式——以中国航天科工集团公司为例

指出:智慧企业是企业发展的高级阶段;智慧企业建设是一项复杂的系统工程;智慧企业运行平台是承载企业全部经营活动,实现全要素数字化、网络化和智能化的物理载体,是智慧企业的重要组成部分。系统梳理了智慧企业的相关理论,界定了智慧企业的内涵和特征,构建了智慧企业建设系统框架和智慧企业成熟度模型,并以中国航天科工集团为例,深度分析了其基于"互联网+管理创新"商业模式提出的智慧企业运行平台。