Why did a majority of French voters reject the European Constitution?

This article assesses the reasons that led a majority of French voters to reject the 29 October 2004 Treaty Establishing a Constitution for Europe. Their reasons are less connected with the Treaty itself than with a fear of loss of national sovereignty, immigration, and relocation of firms to European countries where the workforce is cheaper.     

The Optimal Decentralisation of Government Activity: Normative Recommendations for the European Constitution

This article surveys the research on the efficient assignment of policy tasks to different levels of government and applies the results on the delimitation of competencies within the EU. A precise derivation of an optimal degree of decentralisation is not possible on purely theoretical grounds, it has to be determined case-by-case. Systematic evidence on direct relationships between economic performance and fiscal decentralisation is both scarce and ambiguous. Comparing the actual and prospective delimitation of EU-competencies with the normative recommendations, remarkable discrepancies arise in the fields of agriculture and defence. The establishment of a flexible assignment scheme is an undeniable necessity in order to guarantee reversibility and to cope efficiently with changing conditions. In this respect, the European Convention has delivered insufficient results in its final draft Treaty as of July 2003.     

从关系能力到网络能力：合作能力演化阶段研究及展望

在制造业全球化、融合化和智能化发展的今天,合作能力协同作用成为影响合作成功的关键因素。2015年,国务院印发《中国制造2025》,要求实施创新驱动发展战略,坚持把创新摆在制造业发展全局的核心位置,突破一批重点领域关键共性技术,推动制造业跨区域、跨领域和跨行业协同创新,进而实现我国制造强国目标。由此,合作能力成为推动我国制造业创新发展的核心力量。通过回顾和梳理合作能力相关文献,归纳合作能力内涵与构成,创新性地提出无论是关系能力、联盟能力还是网络能力都是合作能力,也是合作能力演化不同阶段的具体表现形式。同时,通过解析各阶段能力对企业绩效的不同作用路径,更清晰地说明合作能力对企业绩效影响的内在机理。     

从关系能力到网络能力：合作能力演化阶段研究及展望

在制造业全球化、融合化和智能化发展的今天，合作能力协同作用成为影响合作成功的关键因素。2015年，国务院印发《中国制造2025》，要求实施创新驱动发展战略，坚持把创新摆在制造业发展全局的核心位置，突破一批重点领域关键共性技术，推动制造业跨区域、跨领域和跨行业协同创新，进而实现我国制造强国目标。由此，合作能力成为推动我国制造业创新发展的核心力量。通过回顾和梳理合作能力相关文献，归纳合作能力内涵与构成，创新性地提出无论是关系能力、联盟能力还是网络能力都是合作能力，也是合作能力演化不同阶段的具体表现形式。同时，通过解析各阶段能力对企业绩效的不同作用路径，更清晰地说明合作能力对企业绩效影响的内在机理。     

On the Constitution of a Compound Republic

A compound republic presents the unique opportunity for each level of government to check abuses of the constitution by the other level. This article summarizes why judicial review has not proved to be sufficient to maintain a constitution and the necessary changes to the U.S. Constitution to make the structure of this compound republic more effective.     

What Belongs in a Constitution?

The essay argues that the content of constitutions should derive from its political functions: granting stability and legitimacy to government. There are three main candidates for inclusion in constitutions: regime arrangements, human rights, and general credo. All constitutions must include institutional arrangements. The level of detail and entrenchment may vary. There are important reasons for including Bills of rights in constitutions, but attention should be given to their mode of entrenchment and enforcement. Credos should only be included in constitutions if they are widely shared. In principles, constitutions should specify their modes of amendment and enforcement. If a society cannot have a widely-agreed constitution, it may be better to defer its enactment until such broad agreement is possible.     

企业核心能力论

1990年,C·K·普拉哈拉德和G·哈默在《哈佛商业评论》上发表论文“公司的核心能力”（“The Core Competence of the Corporation”）,这是管理学界程碑式的一篇经典之作,它成为《哈佛商业评论》杂志有史以来重印次数最多的文章之一。从此,企业核心能力（“Core Competence”）,的理论在欧美管理学界和企业界迅速成为战略管理的主流,流行至今十余载,依然强势不衰。     

财务能力与企业核心能力的相关性

财务能力是一种可以施加于财务可控资源的作用力，包括财务营运能力、财务管理能力和财务应变能力，它是企业核心能力的有机构成、传统意义上的盈利能力、成长能力、偿债能力等则是企业的财务表现能力，它们不符合企业核心能力的检验标准，不能直接成为企业的核心能力，但为更好地揭示企业核心能力信息提供了可能。     

电子商务与企业竞争力

本分析了电子商务的特点和竞争优势,指出了电子商务将对企业造成五个方面的影响和变革,指出了为了提高企业竞争力发展电子商务的策略。     

企业核心竞争力和非核心竞争力竞争追随与均衡

企业核心和非核心竞争力追随会导致其竞争力升级和竞争力趋同。构建了企业核心和非核心竞争力竞争追随模型,讨论了在竞争追随条件下的核心和非核心竞争力的发展追随规律。     

WTO、环境保护与宪法的生态化

WTO在给我国经济增长带来机遇的同时 ,也给我国生态与资源环境带来了压力 ,对我国的环境保护工作提出了挑战。中国正以其历史上最脆弱的生态系统承载着历史上最多的人口和最强的发展压力 ,这迫使我们不仅要关注WTO的经济效应 ,更要关注其环境效应 ;必须强化以宪法为主体的制度建设 ,确立宪法发展的生态主义趋向 ,确立可持续发展的宪法地位 ,并通过对环境权的创设 ,在实现环境保护的同时 ,实现社会公平 ,包括代内公平与代际公平。     

企业自主创新能力评价模型及评价方法研究

在经济全球化环境下,企业自主创新能力的提高备受国内外企业和政府的重视。在比较当前现有文献和国家统计局经济景气监测中心发布的《中国企业自主创新能力分析报告》所设计的两套评价指标体系,及调研上海市479家规模相当且有着自主创新经历的企业的基础上,从企业自主创新流程和自主创新方式的角度给出一套评价模型,并应用一种全新的算法（EAHP）求解模型。提出的模型和评价方法,可以为企业自身进行自主创新能力诊断分析提供参考工具,从而找出影响企业创新能力的关键因素,也可以为政府部门评价企业自主创新能力提供参考。     

EU Enlargement, Migration and the New Constitution

The paper deals with the effects of migration resulting fromEU Eastern enlargement on the welfare states of Western Europe.Although migration is good in principle, as it yields gainsfrom trade and specialization for all countries involved, itdoes so only if it meets with flexible labour markets and ifit is not artificially induced by gifts of the welfare state.This is not the present state of affairs in Western Europe.In addition to measures that make labour markets more flexible,the introduction of delayed integration of working migrantsand the home country principle for nonworking migrants is arational reaction of the state. The proposed new EU constitution,which contains far-reaching rules for a European social union,should be amended accordingly. (JEL E2, F2, H0, J3, J6)     

《中华人民共和国宪法》中的政治权利及其社会学意义

本文通过对中华人民共和国成立后所颁布实施的四部宪法中的政治权利状况及其演变的描述,归纳出四个结论,进而结合美国宪法来分析中国宪法中政治权利之特征,最后从社会学的角度分析了政治权利所具有的两个主要的社会内涵。     

浅议企业核心竞争力的培育

本文着重论述了企业内部孕育、并购、模仿创新和知识联盟四种培育企业核心竞争力的方法,从而阐明了创新是企业核心竞争力形成的灵魂。     

论我国民营企业核心能力的再造

20世纪90年代后期,随着市场机制的日渐完善,不同国家,企业之间的竞争日趋激烈,我国民营企业在受到国内大型国有企业外国跨国公司的双重压力下,一直生存于夹缝之中,面对新经济时代的来临以及我国的入世,我国民营企业应如何在重构企业核心能力的基础上实现“二次辉煌”？通过对这个问题进行深入地剖析,提出了对策,建议。     

Economic growth in a world of ideas: the US and the leading European countries

This article discusses the ideas creation model that was initially formulated by Romer and later generalized and empirically applied by Jones. In particular, we generalize Jones' model to include catching up to a technological frontier, which improves the empirical results for European countries, and ensures convergence to the technological frontier in the steady state