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1.
Anderson Timothy R. Rouse Paul Borja Rafael Hernandez Ivan Patricio Tobar Fabricio Setiowijoso Liono 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2003,19(2-3):271-275
Website databases provide the opportunity to fundamentally change the way research and knowledge are advanced and disseminated. This paper describes a website, http://www.etm.pdx.edu/dea/dataset/, focused on Data Envelopment Analysis and DEA researchers. 相似文献
2.
We measure productivity in leading edge economic research by using data envelopment analysis (DEA) for a sample of 21 countries belonging to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Publications in ten top journals of economics from 1980 to 1998 are taken as the research output. Inputs are measured by R&D expenditure, the number of universities with economics departments and (as an uncontrollable variable) population. Under constant returns-to-scale, the US emerges as the only efficient country. Under variable returns-to-scale, the efficiency frontier is defined by the US, Ireland and New Zealand. With the exception of the US, all countries in our sample display increasing returns-to-scale, and thus have the potential to raise their efficiency by scaling up their research activities. 相似文献
3.
In this paper we propose a target efficiency DEA model that allows for the inclusion of environmental variables in a one stage model while maintaining a high degree of discrimination
power. The model estimates the impact of managerial and environmental factors on efficiency simultaneously. A decomposition
of the overall technical efficiency into two components, target efficiency and environmental efficiency, is derived. Estimation
of target efficiency scores requires the solution of a single large non-linear optimization problem and provides both a joint
estimation of target efficiency scores from all DMUs and an estimation of a common scalar expressing the environmental impact
on efficiency for each environmental factor. We argue that if the indices on environmental conditions are constructed as the
percentage of output with certain attributes present, then it is reasonable to let all reference DMUs characterized by a composed
fraction lower than the fraction of output possessing the attribute of the evaluated DMU enter as potential dominators. It
is shown that this requirement transforms the cone-ratio constraints on intensity variables in the BM-model (Banker and Morey
1986) into endogenous handicap functions on outputs. Furthermore, a priori information or general agreements on allowable handicap values can be incorporated into
the model along the same lines as specifications of assurance regions in standard DEA.
相似文献
O. B. OlesenEmail: |
4.
《Socio》2018
Research on productive efficiency at the firm level has developed as an important and active strand of research the last decades, both within operations research, management science and economics. Two apparently different definitions of efficiency are examined, but it is shown that when both estimation methods are based on solving linear programming problems the definitions of efficiency are identical. The purpose of the paper is to give the basic ideas of efficiency analyses using DEA as a tool for researchers not so familiar with efficiency analysis and DEA. The concept of shadow prices is given special attention. 相似文献
5.
6.
Using radial super-efficiency data envelopment analysis (DEA) has improved the discriminating performance across efficient decision-making units (DMUs). This paper extends the super-efficiency approach to a non-radial super-efficiency DEA (NRSE-DEA) index. NRSE-DEA is shown to be invariant to units of input (output) measurement. NRSE-DEA is illustrated here via an application to NATO burden-sharing assessment in which the DMUs are the member nations of NATO. The NRSE-DEA provides additional insights into the ranking of efficient countries, suggesting which are absorbing a particularly large share of NATO responsibilities. The NRSE-DEA generates a smaller set of efficient DMUs. This, in turn, provides more discriminatory power, a more accurate measure of super-efficiency, a more meaningful ranking of the efficient burden sharing countries, and a more reliable assessment of contributions by NATO members, amongst other policy issues. 相似文献
7.
《Socio》2021
In recent years, the continuous development of every country's economic activities has generated undesirable impacts on the environment. Common problems are high water and energy consumption rates, jointly with harmful pollution levels. This situation has gained the research community's interest in exploring and analyzing the extent to which initiatives to reduce such environmental problems have succeeded. Therefore, it is relevant to have measures that encompass information on the results obtained by such initiatives. Using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) methodology, it is possible to measure the efficiency of an entity under evaluation, such as an industry, state, or country. DEA also allows one to compare the performance measures of entities operating in similar circumstances and identify which entities are performing best, given the inputs they use and the outputs they produce. This study evaluates different states in Mexico in terms of their environmental performance and provides a perspective on how environmental initiatives can contribute to protecting and preserving the environment. By addressing this problem, best-performers and practices are identified, and valuable insights are gained regarding how each state carries out such initiatives. 相似文献
8.
In this article, we adopt an efficiency approach to the two-group linear programming method of discriminant analysis (DA), using principles taken from data envelopment analysis (DEA), to predict group membership in an insurance underwriting scheme. Using an empirical insurance data base we illustrate the effectiveness of our model as a decision-making tool to distinguish among automobile insurance applicants by contrasting our hybrid model with both statistical and LP methods of discriminant analysis. We find for this insurance application that our hybrid model significantly outperforms the more traditional methods in separation and misclassification outcomes. 相似文献
9.
《管理科学学报(英文)》2021,6(4):345-362
Congestion is an economic phenomenon of overinvestment that occurs when excessive inputs decrease the maximally possible outputs. Although decision-makers are unlikely to decrease outputs by increasing inputs, congestion is widespread in reality. Identifying and measuring congestion can help decision-makers detect the problem of overinvestment. This paper reviews the development of the concept of congestion in the framework of data envelopment analysis (DEA), which is a widely accepted method for identifying and measuring congestion. In this paper, six main congestion identification and measurement methods are analysed through several numerical examples. We investigate the ideas of these methods, the contributions compared with the previous methods, and the existing shortcomings. Based on our analysis, we conclude that existing congestion identification and measurement methods are still inadequate. Three problems are anticipated for further study: maintaining the consistency between congestion and overinvestment, considering joint weak disposability assumption between desirable outputs and undesirable outputs, and quantifying the degree of congestion. 相似文献
10.
We introducea new computational framework for DEA that reduces computationtimes and increases flexibility in applications over multiplemodels and orientations.The process is based on the identificationof frames--minimal subsets of the data needed to describethe models in the problems--for each of the four standardproduction possibility sets. It exploits the fact that the framesof the models are closely interrelated. Access to a frame ofa production possibility set permits a complete analysis in asecond phase for the corresponding model either oriented or orientation-free.This second phase proceeds quickly especially if the frame isa small subset of the data points. Besides accelerating computations,the new framework imparts greater flexibility to the analysisby not committing the analyst to a model or orientation whenperforming the bulk of the calculations. Computational testingvalidates the results and reveals that, with a minimum additionaltime over what is required for a full DEA study for a given modeland specified orientation, one can obtain the analysis for thefour models and all orientations. 相似文献
11.
Aggregating the DEA prospect cross-efficiency with an application to state key laboratories in China
《Socio》2020
With growing investments in the state key laboratories (SKLs) of China, it is essential to assess the efficiency of the administrative departments regarding managing the SKLs of China. However, few studies have been conducted about the evaluation of the performance of Chinese administrative departments in managing SKLs. To fill this gap, this paper investigates the performance within 22 SKL administrative departments in China, based on a data envelopment analysis cross-efficiency prospect aggregation approach incorporating the risk preference of decision maker. The empirical results show the major findings: (a) serious imbalance exists regarding the investment of 22 SKL administrative departments; (b) there are great differences among the performance of 22 SKL administrative departments; (c) some SKL administrative departments face an insufficient situation regarding the outputs; (d) different risk attitudes of decision maker have the significant impact on the evaluation results of the 22 SKL administrative departments. Based on these findings, we provide several policy suggestions for the development of SKLs in China. 相似文献
12.
Identification and Use of Efficient Faces and Facets in DEA 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
This paper provides an outline of possible uses of complete information on the facial structure of a polyhedral empirical production possibility set obtained by DEA. It is argued that an identification of all facets can be used for a characterization of basic properties of the empirical production frontier. Focus is on the use of this type of information for (i) the specification of constraints on the virtual multipliers in a cone-ratio model, (ii) a characterization of the data generation process for the underlying observed data set, and (iii) the estimation of isoquants and relevant elasticities of substitution reflecting the curvature of the frontier. The relationship between the so-called FDEF approach and the cone-ratio model is explored in some detail. It is demonstrated that a decomposition of the facet generation process followed by the use of one of the available (exponential) convex hull algorithms allows for an explicit identification of the facial structure of the possibility set in fairly large DEA data sets. It is a main point to be made that the difficulties encountered for an identification of all facets in a DEA-possibility set can be circumvented in a number of empirical data sets and that this type of information can be used for a characterization of the structural properties of the frontier. 相似文献
13.
Although railway services have been suffering financially due to modal shifts and aging populations, they have been, and will continue to be, an essential component of nations' basic social infrastructures. Since railway firms generate positive externalities, and are required to operate in pre-determined licensed areas, governmental intervention/support may, in some cases, be justified. Indeed, many types of subsidies are created and offered for railway operations in Japan; while some are meant to cover large investments, others are used as compensation for regional disparities. However, thus far, no attempt has been made to analyze the reasons for the underperformance of Japanese railway services. In other words, it is unclear whether this underperformance can be attributed to exogenous and uncontrollable causes, or endogenous phenomena and, hence, capable of being handled by managers. The optimal degree of intervention is thus not sufficiently known. In the current paper, we propose a method based on data envelopment analysis (DEA) to analyze the causes of inefficiency in Japanese railway operations, and, further, to calculate optimal subsidy levels. The latter are designed to compensate for railways' lack of complete discretion in changing location of their operations and/or increasing/decreasing these operations since they are a regulated service. Our proposed method was applied to 53 Japanese railway operators. In so doing, we identified several key characteristics related to their inefficiencies, and developed optimal subsidies designed to improve performance. 相似文献
14.
《Socio》2019
Many studies devoted to efficiency performance evaluation in the education sector are based on measures of central tendency at school level as, for example, the average values of students belonging to the same school. Although this is a common and accepted way of summarizing data from the original observations (students), it is not less true that this approach neglects the existing dispersion of data, which may become a serious problem if variability across schools is high. Additionally, imprecision may arise when experts on each evaluated subject select the battery of questions, with different levels of difficulty, which will be the base for the final questionnaires completed by students. This paper uses data from US students and schools participating in PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) 2015 to illustrate that schools' efficiency measures based on aggregate data and imprecision may reflect an inaccurate picture of their performance if they are compared to measures estimated accounting for broader information provided by all students of the same school. In order to operationalize our approach, we resort to Fuzzy Data Envelopment Analysis. This methodology allows us to deal with the notion of fuzziness in some variables such as the socio-economic status of students or test scores. Our results indicate that the estimated measures of performance obtained with the fuzzy DEA approach are highly correlated with those calculated with traditional DEA models. However, we find some relevant divergences in the identification of efficient units when we account for data dispersion and vagueness. 相似文献
15.
《Socio》2023
The selection of inputs and outputs in DEA models represents a vibrant methodological topic. At the same time; however, the problem of the impact of different measurement units of selected inputs is understated in empirical literature. Using the example of Czech farms, we show that the DEA method does not provide consistent score estimates, neither a stable ranking for different popular measurements of labour and capital factors of production. For this reason, studies based on DEA efficiency results for differently measured inputs should be compared only with great caution. 相似文献
16.
Congestion is said to be present when increases in inputs result in output reductions. An “iron rice bowl” policy instituted in China shortly after the revolution led by Mao Tze Tung resulted in congestion that ultimately led to bankruptcy in the textile industry, and near bankruptcy in other industries. A major policy shift away from the “iron rice bowl policy” in 1990 led to massive layoffs and increasing social tensions. Were these massive layoffs necessary? Extensions of data envelopment analysis models effected in the present paper identified inefficiencies in the management of congestion. Using textiles and automobiles for illustration, it is shown how elimination of such managerial inefficiencies could have led to output augmentation without reducing employment. Thus, even in the presence of congestion, it proved to be possible to identify additional (managerial) inefficiencies that provided opportunities for improvement. In the heavily congested textile industry, these output augmentations could have been accompanied by reductions in the amounts of capital used (as an added bonus). In any case, we show how to identify and evaluate new types of efficiency—viz., the efficiency with which needed (or desired) inefficiencies are managed. 相似文献
17.
Investment and dynamic DEA 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A dynamic version of data envelopment analysis (DEA) is developed in the present paper. Our model introduces investment in
traditional DEA and imposes intertemporal cost minimization. Adding an intertemporal adjustment constraint into the cost minimization
problem, we derive the relation between the DEA variables of the variable cost function and those of the primary production
frontiers’ coefficients. The augmented DEA model can be solved using standard linear programming. This dynamic framework enables
computing the production frontiers, measuring the productive efficiencies and evaluating the potential economies all in the
presence of adjustment costs.
相似文献
Li YanEmail: |
18.
Measuring residential energy efficiency improvements with DEA 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Peter Grösche 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2009,31(2):87-94
This paper measures energy efficiency improvements of US single-family homes between 1997 and 2001 using a two-stage procedure. In the first stage, an indicator of energy efficiency is derived by means of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), and the analogy between the DEA estimator and traditional measures of energy efficiency is demonstrated. The second stage employs a bootstrapped truncated regression technique to decompose the variation in the obtained efficiency estimates into a climatic component and factors attributed to efficiency improvements. Results indicate a small but significant improvement of energy efficiency over the studied time interval, mainly accounted for by fuel oil and natural gas users. 相似文献
19.
《管理科学学报(英文)》2021,6(4):363-376
Data with large dimensions will bring various problems to the application of data envelopment analysis (DEA). In this study, we focus on a “big data” problem related to the considerably large dimensions of the input-output data. The four most widely used approaches to guide dimension reduction in DEA are compared via Monte Carlo simulation, including principal component analysis (PCA-DEA), which is based on the idea of aggregating input and output, efficiency contribution measurement (ECM), average efficiency measure (AEC), and regression-based detection (RB), which is based on the idea of variable selection. We compare the performance of these methods under different scenarios and a brand-new comparison benchmark for the simulation test. In addition, we discuss the effect of initial variable selection in RB for the first time. Based on the results, we offer guidelines that are more reliable on how to choose an appropriate method. 相似文献
20.
阐述了供应链绩效评价的特征及重要性。叙述了数据包络分析方法(DEA)方法的基本原理和模型,进而利用DEA中的C2R模型和C2GS2模型对供应链绩效进行评价分析。算例分析表明该方法可以有效地评价不同供应链体系的相对规模性和技术有效性,找出其非DEA有效的影响因素,并通过在生产前沿面上的投影分析,给出了改进措施。评价过程与结果均较客观、合理。 相似文献