供应链合作关系间交易成本的博弈分析

在大部分的工业行业领域,物流的成本能占到生产总成本的一半左右,做好生产活动的供给工作,降低交易成本,对于制造商和供应商意义重大。文中通过研究制造商和供应商之间的博弈,分析了供应商伙伴关系减少交易成本的过程,并提出了供应商伙伴关系减少交易成本的措施。     

基于交易成本和盈亏平衡分析的企业联合经营分析

本文主要从交易成本理论的角度，分析了制造商和供应商间的交易费用的形成、种类及构成要素。然后基于盈亏平衡分析方法分别对制造商独立经营、制造商实施后向一体化战略两种不同公司形式下的价格决策和赢利性进行了分析，发现制造商实施后向一体化战略后降低了交易成本，增强了其在市场中实施价格竞争的优势，定价策略更加灵活，赢利性相比独立公司而言要高。     

基于AHP和模糊综合评价的供应商关系绩效评价研究

基于供应链环境下,制造商与重要供应商长期合作的伙伴关系,从合作业绩、信息沟通能力、关系信任度、密切度、融洽度、协作能力和学习效果等方面构建了供应商关系绩效评价指标体系,运用层次分析法确立了各指标权重,模糊综合评价法对评价信息进行了模糊处理,建立了供应商关系绩效的模糊综合评价数学模型,并进行了应用实例运算分析.     

基矛AHP和模糊综合评价的供应商关系绩效评价研究

基于供应链环境下，制造商与重要供应商长期合作的伙伴关系．从合作业绩、信息沟通能力、关系信任度、密切度、融洽度、协作能力和学习效果等方面构建了供应商关系绩效评价指标体系，运用层次分析法确立了各指标权重，模糊综合评价法对评价信息进行了模糊处理，建立了供应商关系绩效的模糊综合评价数学模型．并进行了应用实例运算奈拼     

基于动态联盟的供应商评估

当今,市场竞争日趋激烈用户需求更为复杂多变。我们将动态联盟的概念应用到供应链管理,将供应商、制造商、分销商、及最终消费者用户整合到一个统一的功能网络链条,以形成一个极具竞争力的战略联盟。供应商评估是供应商管理的重中之重。如何对其进行行之有效的评估,选择出最优供应商,与之结成战略联盟伙伴关系,达到双赢的目的,是供应商管理中的研究重点。     

与供应商关系视角的制造商价值创造研究综述

价值创造由强调企业自身核心能力到利用其它价值链成员能力进行共创转变,如何利用供应商资源的进行价值创造就成为了学者关注的焦点,本文在梳理相关文献的基础上,从二元关系、网络关系、合作关系或伙伴关系等角度,评述了制造商与供应商的关系对价值创造的影响,对现有研究结论进行了分析,并展望了未来研究方向。     

基于交易成本的供应商选择研究

本文从交易成本的三个影响因素出发考虑如何在供应商选择过程中对交易成本进行定性和定量分析,并试图利用模糊综合评价方法建立基于交易成本控制的供应商选择模型。     

制造供应链中供应商变更管控

在制造供应链中,零部件供应商对产品作出的变更,不可避免地波及到下游制造商的生产,并影响产品成本和产品质量控制。为了规避这一风险,制造商需要对零部件供应商的变更行为进行有效管控。     

装配供应链系统中的生产配送协同问题

以多个供应商、一个仓库和一个制造商组成的装配式供应链系统为研究对象,建立了该供应链系统的生产配送协同模型,在该模型中供应商的生产周期、仓库的订货周期和制造商的订货周期呈整数倍关系,采用自适应的差分进化算法求解该模型,并通过数值试验证明了该算法的收敛性。     

考虑制造商质量水平的供应链质量契约研究

研究一个供应商和一个制造商的二级供应链模型,综合考虑了供应商的质量水平、制造商的检测水平和制造商的质量水平,设计了两个供应链质量契约,并证明供应商承担内部损失成本、制造商承担外部损失成本的契约不能实现供应链整体最优,供应商和制造商共同分担内部损失成本和外部损失成本的契约可以达到供应链最优水平,并给出分摊系数。     

整车制造企业战略性供应商技术创新能力选择研究

为降低企业的生产成本和经营风险,整车制造企业将零配件外包给汽车零配件供应商,战略性供应商技术创新能力的选择则是其关键的环节。首先确定整车制造企业战略性供应商技术创新能力选择的指标,然后用主成份分析法确定指标体系结构、体系中各准则和各指标的权重,从而排列战略性供应商技术创新能力的次序,最后选定技术创新能力最强的战略性供应商。     

Platform Sharing in a Differentiated Duopoly

Platform sharing across manufacturers has become common practice in the automobile industry. Although platform sharing reduces the degree of product differentiation, manufacturers can reduce their procurement costs by taking advantage of the commonality of components. We investigate this trade-off through analyzing a model that incorporates manufacturer–supplier relationships into a differentiated duopoly model, and find an interesting inverse relationship between the advantage of platform sharing and manufacturers' costs to communicate with their potential suppliers. We also explore welfare consequences of the Internet trading exchanges by considering an extension that allows the manufacturers to jointly establish a business-to-business electronic marketplace.     

谈供应商质量管理的一般方法

随着汽车产量的日益增长,汽车生产企业对零部件质量的要求不断提高。产量大引发的放大效应容易使零件的小问题被放大为售后市场的大问题,给终端客户和主机厂、零件供应商造成负面影响。对于如何对汽车零件的供应商进行质量管理以减少风险的问题,文章给出了供应商分类、零件分类和产品质量先期策划3个策略。     

The effect of transaction costs, payment terms and power on the level of raw materials inventories

This paper proposes and tests an explanation for the level of raw materials inventories based on transaction cost economics theory and the role of power in a supply chain. According to this explanation, raw materials inventories are larger the higher a company's transaction costs and the lower its storage-related production and management costs. Factors that affect these costs are the company's vulnerability to opportunism, whether the input becomes more or less costly to store and manage as it moves through the supply chain, payment terms and the company's power in relation to its supplier. This explanation for the level of raw materials inventories was tested on a large sample of customer industries matched to their main supplier industries. Consistent with this theory, the empirical results show that companies hold larger raw materials inventories the more money their suppliers spend on research and development and the less important the customers are to their suppliers. These results are important because they indicate companies must consider a wider range of factors than previously thought necessary when establishing inventory policy.     

Strategic purchasing and supplier partnerships—The role of a third party organization

This study explored how a credible third party facilitated the development of supplier partnerships. By identifying qualified potential suppliers, serving as a surrogate for legitimacy for supplier firms and providing a market place for the potential partners to meet, the third party organization provided key compensating mechanisms to reduce the power and social distance and overall transaction costs associated with collaborating to effect supplier relationships between the parties. The study contributes to the supply and purchasing literature by integrating the role of third parties into research on buyer–supplier relationships that have so far been viewed predominantly as dyads and by demonstrating how third parties may actually influence relationships between buyers and suppliers. Our findings also provide firms with some guidelines on building successful buyer–supplier partnerships.     

基于图论的物流管理一体化

运用图论中的Floyd思想阐述了供应链中原材料供应商、物流供应商、生产企业、各销售点之间物流总费用最小化的方法。     

Joint decision of procurement lot-size,supplier selection,and carrier selection

The joint decision making of procurement lot-size, supplier selection, and carrier selection has potential to reduce buyer's purchasing expenditures. Furthermore, the total logistics cost can also come down through economies of scale in the purchasing and transportation costs, and reduction in supply chain disruptions such as rejections and late deliveries. We study a procurement setting in which a buyer needs to purchase a single product from a set of suppliers over finite discrete time periods to satisfy service level requirements. The suppliers offer all-unit quantity discounts, and transportation cost depends on carrier capacity as well as geographical location of suppliers. This paper proposes an integer linear programming model to simultaneously determine the timings of procurement, lot-sizes, suppliers and carriers to be chosen so as to incur the least total cost over the planning horizon. A numerical example is included to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model in establishing tradeoffs among purchasing cost, transaction cost, and inventory holding cost. Sensitivity analysis has been carried out to understand the effects of the model parameters on the purchasing decisions and total cost. Managerial insights of this study serve as a reference for decision makers to develop effective procurement strategies.     

行政审批改革与制度性交易成本——基于效率评价的视角

制度性交易成本是经济主体为遵守制度规定而产生的非生产性成本,行政审批改革通过提高经营效率、节约时间成本、降低资金成本和促进行业竞争四种途径降低制度性交易成本。本文通过对我国地市级面板数据的实证分析后发现,行政审批改革可以有效降低地区制度性交易成本;当行政审批改革发生在营商环境相对较差的中西部城市、距离省会城市较近的城市以及当城市获得法律支撑时,能够更显著地降低当地制度性交易成本。本文据此提出如下政策建议:深化行政审批改革,减少不必要的审批事项;健全改革激励机制,确保政策的贯彻与落实;通过机构设置、法律规定、权责划分等进行配套措施改革。     

共谋行为在政府采购中的表现及对策分析

共谋行为是委托代理问题中的一个重要组成部分,由于信息不对称、多层代理和权力的存在,使政府采购过程中有着共谋行为滋生的可能,并且广泛地表现在采购官员与财政部门、供应商、各级政府机关和监督主体之间的合作博弈中。其结果是增加了政府采购的交易成本,违背了政府采购的初衷。