The Moral Imperative and Social Rationality of Government-Guaranteed Employment and Reskilling

Unemployment exacts a high cost to its victims, not only in lost income, but also in terms of quality of life (insecurity, depression, abandoned families, divorce, suicide and poorer health). It also exacts a high cost to society in terms of lost output, foregone tax revenue, depreciating human capital, and increased costs of welfare, crime and health care. Yet modern wealthy societies have, principally for the sake of price stability and to avoid the budget costs of a full remedy, chosen to tolerate a substantial level of permanent unemployment. This article explores the moral conditions of this social choice and its rationality in terms of social welfare. It makes and develops support for two claims: society's tolerance of involuntary unemployment is morally wrong, and it is socially and economically irrational. It concludes that government should guarantee employment by serving as employer of last resort and where appropriate provide for retraining.     

系统重要性金融机构危机监管制度：历史与未来方向

系统重要性金融机构危机监管制度是后金融危机时代国际金融监管领域的重要理论和实践问题。探讨了系统重要性金融机构危机监管制度的重要性,在此基础上,梳理了系统重要性金融机构危机监管制度路径的历史演变,主要包括存款保险制度与最后贷款人机制。最后,讨论了“太大而不能倒”危机管理理念的缺陷,指出完善系统重要性金融机构危机监管制度的紧迫性及其最新发展趋势。     

城市居民生活消费的生态系统占用分析——以湖南省为例

本文根据生态足迹理论和方法，计算和评价了湖南省城市居民生活消费的生态足迹状况．指出消费结构对生态系统的影响，并提出相应对策。调节城市居民的消费方式与消费结构，实施文明消费，提高消费效益，对于促进城市的可持续发展具有重要意义。     

Contemporary Capitalism as a New Monetary Economy of Production: The Logic of Conventions,M&A,and LBOs

Social interaction models, i.e. the changing sequence of actions between individuals who modify their behavior under the influence of their peers, have rarely enjoyed as high a profile in economic analysis as they do today. However, the literature growth has not been accompanied by a process of academic consolidation. The difficulties encountered in research are largely but not entirely the result of data constraints. The main argument of this article is that the source of problems may be traceable to the lack of a complementary approach between economics and other disciplines. The difficulties presented by the deficit in academic exchange among social scientists are compounded by the current analytical framework, which still concentrates on the fundamental, but mutually exclusive, traditions of thought: homo oeconomicus and homo sociologicus. In spotlighting these ideas, this article reviews the economic body of literature on social interactions and their effect on individual unemployment status. Two directions in current research are analyzed: the impact of social (work) norms on unemployment and the role of social networks in the job search process. The theoretical and methodological challenges encountered in research suggest that the future of social interactions models might be found at the crossroads of economics and other social sciences.     

本地非农就业对农村居民家庭消费的影响——基于CHIP农村住户调查数据的实证研究

本文运用CHIP2013农村住户调查数据,实证考察本地非农就业对农村居民家庭消费的影响。使用本地非农就业网络作为工具变量的估计结果表明,本地非农就业家庭的年生活消费总额比农业就业家庭显著高出15.5%-28.2%。机制分析表明,收入提升和边际消费倾向增加是本地非农就业促进农村居民家庭消费的可能机制。受雇形式的本地非农就业对农村居民家庭消费的促进作用大于本地自雇就业,且本地非农就业对多数消费项目均具有显著的促进作用。在农村非农就业劳动力市场发生结构转变的新形势下,农村地区非农就业的发展将有利于发挥农村消费市场在提升内需中的作用。     

Unveiling the effects of a headscarf ban: Evidence from municipal jobs in Turkey

Religious conservatism is often associated with patriarchal attitudes and deterioration of women’s rights. This conventional wisdom has motivated ubiquitous policies that limit public expressions of religion and emphasize secular values. This paper demonstrates that a policy change which undermines secularity ends up empowering women. The current article takes advantage of a unique divergence in political institutions that occurred in Turkey’s recent history to explore how revoking a headscarf ban affected employment outcomes of women in the public sector. In a difference-in-discontinuities setting, I exploit the before/after discontinuous policy variation and compare female employment within municipalities that have Islamist and secular mayors. I find that eliminating legal obstacles against observant Muslim women in the labor market improves female employment in Islamist municipalities. Yet, when women are not allowed to wear headscarves to work, Islamist mayors employ less women vis-à-vis secular mayors. Overall, findings point to unintended consequences of headscarf bans on pious women.     

新时期非典型雇佣的发展趋势及策略分析

非典型雇佣方式的快速发展和演化,使雇佣关系向组织外部转移的趋势越来越明显,市场对雇佣关系的控制力越来越大,单纯依靠企业内部的管理尚不能完成对非典型雇佣方式的管理,由此引发了非典型雇佣发展的一系列突出问题。金融危机背景下,企业为重获成本优势越来越依赖于非典型雇佣方式,使非典型雇佣方式越来越普及化,这就意味着,市场和政府必须对此进行合理的引导和规范,企业要健全人力资源管理体系,本文将针对非典型雇佣方式发展遇到的问题进行策略分析。     

城市化进程中政府行为研究

城市化发展的实践表明,政府在城市化进程中的作用是举足轻重的。在对城市化发展进行宏观调控、制定市场规则、提供公共服务等领域,政府行为的作用具有一定的不可替代性。但是政府在城市化发展中要摆正位置,把市场化作为城市化的第一推动力,实现政府与市场的互赢。     

发达国家服务业就业结构变迁对我国的启示

发达国家服务业就业结构的演变过程表明：服务业就业比重的提高主要是由以商务服务业为主的生产者服务业和以教育、医疗卫生业为主的社会服务业就业增长推动的。生产者服务业和社会服务业是今兽譬国就业增长的主要领域．但服务业难以承担大规模转移农村剩余劳动力的任务。发展劳动密集型制造业仍是今后转移我国农业剩余劳动力的主要渠道。     

中国规制政府的崛起:一个供给主导型制度变迁过程

中国的规制政府是在经济转型过程中崛起的。这一特殊历史背景使得关于规制的公共利益理论、公共选择理论、新比较经济学和制度移植论对其崛起逻辑的解释都值得商榷。事实上,中国的规制政府是中央政府考虑不同利益集团约束和外部竞争压力前提下,根据自己的信念和认知能力,对原有治理制度进行边际改进的一个供给主导型过程。该过程的路径依赖特征既是引发规制失灵的根本原因,也为提高规制效率提供了改革思路。     

新《劳动合同法》下企业人力资源管理理念的转变

新颁布的《劳动合同法》具有倾向雇员、鼓励稳定、强调集体协商、与国际惯例接轨等特点,给企业的人力资源管理提出了新的课题。企业惟有转变观念,树立劳动合同长期化、提高招聘谨慎性、企业承担举证责任、建立三方协商机制、运用柔性化管理方式保留雇员、人力资源外包等理念,才能从容应对潜在风险,在激烈的市场竞争中立于不败之地。     

蓝田县汤峪温泉开发的影响因素分析

温泉旅游度假区是我国一个新兴旅游项目,近年来发展很快。通过大量的实证调查,对影响蓝田汤峪温泉度假区开发的主要因素进行综合分析。这些因素是温泉资源自身因素,周边自然和人文景观,客源市场和交通条件,区域经济发展水平,温泉旅游文化特色,空间集聚和竞争以及人才状况。它们共同作用于汤峪温泉旅游的发展。通过对这些因素的分析,对蓝田汤峪温泉旅游的进一步开发具有重要的现实意义。     

我国产业能源消耗对经济产出和就业的异质性影响——基于面板协整模型的实证分析

文章在对我国三大产业进行细分的基础上,基于1985-2009年各产业能源消费量、产值和就业人数的统计数据,采用面板协整模型对三者之间的互动关系进行了实证检验。检验结果显示,不同产业及产业内部主要部门在能源产出弹性和能源就业弹性方面存在着显著的差异,产业能源消耗的异质性决定了能源消耗低碳化对经济产出及就业产生的不同影响,表明低碳经济应与经济产出和就业保持均衡的发展关系。     

当代资本主义的新变化与资本主义生产方式的部分质变——兼与徐崇温先生商榷

当代资本主义的新变化既不是资本主义本质的根本改变，也不只是资本主义统治与剥削的手段、形式和斗争策略的改变，而是资本主义社会经济结构的部分质变。当代资本主义生产方式的积极扬弃，已经跨越了资本主义生产方式的临界点，超越了资本主义生产方式的界限，包含某些社会主义因素，逐渐向社会主义和平发展。因此，绝对不能抱着教条主义的态度，简单地用机械的、绝对的和主观的方法，而应当用辨证方法和历史唯物主义的科学方法来认识当代资本主义的新变化，根据新的历史条件来创造性地发展马克思主义理论，实现马克思主义理论的与时俱进和创新发展。     

新自由主义经济学中的政府观及其启示

新自由主义经济学各流派是现代经济学丛林中的奇葩。在充分肯定市场作用的前提下,具有各不相同的政府观。了解和认识新自由主义经济学各流派的政府观,并进行系统比较和总结,对中国在全球化背景下形成和构建政府观具有极其重要的意义。     

Observations on the Use of Textbooks in the Teaching of Principles of Economics: A Comment

The usual substitution effect of a price change between goods is extended to substitution among differentiated products within a heterogeneous good in a manner useful for the introductory and intermediate courses. The example of student choice of course load is used.     

社会资本及其本地化程度对农村非农就业的影响——中国西部沿边地区的实证分析

考察了西部边疆地区社会资本及其结构对农村劳动力非农就业的影响,以及社会资本本地化的程度。我们认为,作为就业信息传递的重要方式之一,社会资本有利于促进农村劳动力非农就业,但是西部边疆农村地区可用社会资本的限制、家庭劳动力在农业生产与非农之间合理配置的需求及社会资本本地化的程度抑制了社会资本对非农就业的促进作用;此外,社会资本结构中存在相反作用的两种力量使其对非农就业的影响不确定。     

政府信用创新——基于国债转贷政策的分析

对国债实施转贷是政府信用运作方式的一种创新.理论上,采取有偿方式运用国债资金,有利于提高政府信用资金的使用效率,但是,从审计部门国债资金审计报告及相关文献反映的情况看,这一创新的理论目标与实践效果之间存在明显差距.随着2008年国债转贷资金还本付息高峰期到来,国债资金使用低效问题将会逐步显现成为现实的信用问题,因此,从理论和实践意义上,对以国债转贷政策为内容的政府信用创新进行必要的反思,显然已是恰逢其时.     

The Dilemmas of Technology: A Review Article

During the 1990s, all of the European transition economies (TE) experienced a major recession and suffered from the explosion of income inequality. However, distribution of income between labor and capital differed greatly from one group of post-communist countries to another. The paper discusses and analyzes linkages between models of capitalism that emerged in former communist countries in the 1990s and the outcome of capitalist transition for labor in terms of income distribution and inequality. It is based on the estimates of the Marxian rate of exploitation and other indicators of labor income performance during the reform period.