关于绿色经济学的几个问题

绿色经济学是在对传统经济学反思与批判的基础上,整合相关绿色理论资源、适应绿色经济实践而发展起来的经济学学科,是经济学内部逐渐发展起来的新因素和新需求,也是重建经济学理论的新思路和新尝试。绿色经济学已在学科涵义、研究对象、基本预设、理论体系和学科体系等方面进行了探索,同时亟待从学科建设角度,对绿色经济学的研究视角、参照标准、分析工具和"成本—效益"模式等问题进行深入研究。绿色经济学将成为推动经济发展、实现社会公平、促进环境优化、推进社会进步的重要力量,对当下我国转变发展方式、实现科学发展有重要的理论价值和实践意义。     

Property and Economic Power as Issues in Institutional Economics

In the first part of this two-part paper, I presented an "irenic" reconciliation of the three apparently contradictory definitions of "institution" within original institutional economics (OIE), employing the methodology of critical institutionalism. The critical institutionalist reconciliation of these definitions conceptualizes institutions as an emergent process by which the internal and necessary relations of social structure as collective action, mediated through agency, results in the control, expansion, and liberation of the individual action of social actors in transactions. In short, an institution is the emergent process of social structure actualized in transactions (social action). Institutions, therefore, not only have a structural existence, but also an actual existence as they are the process of the emergence of the actual (in transactions) from the structural. Institutions are multi-level processes and cannot be reduced to structures, actions, behaviors, or patterns of behaviors. In this part, I demonstrate the significance of this reconciliation in two areas. The first is its ability to further differentiate the institutional definition of economics as "the science of social provisioning" from the mainstream definition of economics as "a relationship between ends and scarce means" by decomposing the institutional definition into its productive and distributive processes. The second is its usefulness in modeling the interaction of non-economic social institutions with economic institutions at varying levels of detail. I also introduce critical institutional analysis, and use as a method, for model-building and use it to build models of communal, feudal, and industrial capitalist economies.     

Taxation Reform: Some Economic Issues

The Australian system of Commonwealth and State taxes is in need of comprehensive reform. It fails the criteria of neutrality, horizontal equity and simplicity, it is not as progressive as often thought, and the future revenue base is declining. Many of the problems stem from the absence of comprehensive tax bases as applied to income, expenditure and assets, and related choice options are subjected to very different effective tax burdens. Important choice options facing different effective tax rates include: work and leisure; consumption and saving; different saving and investment options; form of labour remuneration; different ways of production; the mix of goods and services produced and consumed; and, domestic or overseas location.
A comprehensive income tax base is required, especially as applied to the taxation of capital income. The options of a nominal income, real income or expenditure base are explored.
It is argued that reform of indirect taxes proceed along two lines. The general revenue raising purpose leads to a comprehensive base of final consumption expenditure at a single rate. Then, additional specific taxes for user pays purposes, for example for roads, and for externalities, for example tobacco, set at the supply cost or net externality would be applied.
There are conflicting arguments for and against changing the tax mix away from income to expenditure.     

关于西方经济学中几个问题的认识

与马克思主义经济学一样,西方经济学也是人类共同的经济学理论财富.我国要实行社会主义市场经济制度,就有必要学习和借鉴西方经济学说.由于我国的一些基本国情与西方国家有很大的差异,因此,在学习和借鉴其基本理论时,绝对不能简单地照搬照套,而必须有选择、有分析地加以扬弃.为此.本文对如何正确认识西方经济学说中的三个重要问题做了详细阐述.     

2017年国际经济热点问题研究动态

2017年,我国学界对国际经济热点问题进行了广泛研讨。本文主要对"逆全球化"现象与全球经济治理变革、"一带一路"倡议与推进策略及出口贸易、全球价值链与我国贸易地位、资本账户开放、人民币国际化与汇率、对外直接投资与跨国并购等相关主题的研究成果进行综述。     

Economic Transformation in Vietnam: Some Critical Issues

MOCT-MOST: Economic Policy in Transitional Economies -     

西方经济思想演进与中国经济学发展的分析

西方宏观经济学不确定的内容与不同学派无休止的争议显示了经济学的非成熟性。纵观宏观经济理论的演进过程,主流思想的基本定位仍然在供应与需求孰重孰轻上,中国经济学研究也进入了这一思想构架,但中国经济学实际面临的最大的问题：经济学的精确化问题,经济学的贫民化问题,经济学的人本化问题和经济学的角用性问题;如果这些问题不解决,“西化”的研究将会使我国经济学走入误区。     

2017年理论经济学若干热点问题研究综述

2017年,党的十九大召开,会议做出"中国特色社会主义进入了新时代"的重大论断,提出一系列新理念、新思想、新战略。另外,时值《资本论》第一卷德文第一版出版150周年,学界展开了对《资本论》新的研究与探讨。本文围绕新时代社会主要矛盾的转化、《资本论》的当代价值、构建中国特色社会主义政治经济学理论体系、新发展理念、供给侧结构性改革及社会主义市场经济等六个理论经济学热点问题整理相关文献,系统梳理主要观点。     

关于中国经济学学科建设与发展的几点思考

中国必须有自己的经济学，中国经济学的基础学科地位不能弱化。加强中国经济学的基础学科地位要理顺中国经济学与西方经济学、马克思主义经济、邓小平理论等相关课程的关系，拓宽中国经济学的对象，加厚中国经济理论基础，初步构建中国经济学理论体系等。     

人类发展的四个经济时代与经济学的发展历程——新经济学革命与大科学体系经济学(一)

<正>人类的经济发展正进入一个全新的时代。这将是人类不断向着人的彻底解放崇高目标攀升的历史进程中一个质的飞跃的时代。人类的财富正在以前所未有的几何级数呈爆发性增长,财富的形态与决定财富增长的"游戏规则"正在发生巨大的变化,一场新的经济学思想革命或许正在悄悄地来临,一座崭新的体系经济学大厦的框架蓝图将在不久的将来诞生。     

实验经济学的发展与经济学方法论的创新

实验经济学是20世纪30年代兴起的研究经济学的一个分支学科.本文阐述了实验经济学的发展历程,提出了实验经济学的产生丰富了经济学的研究方法,质疑了经济学关于"理性人"的基本假定,并修正了理性选择理论和预期效用理论.     

从我国经济运行的主要难点论农业发展

本文认为现阶段中国经济运行面临的难点有四个方面,其中有效需求不足是最需要迫切解决的问题和主要矛盾。这些困难或矛盾的形成是与城乡、工农发展关系的长期失调密切相关的,其突出表现是城乡、工农之间收入差距的不断扩大和农业发展的严重滞后,造成了占我国75%的9亿农村人口实际购买力的严重不足。因此,现阶段政府宏观调控的重点之一应是矫正城乡、工农关系,增加农民收益,缩小收入差距。在分析农业生产成本—收益的基础上,笔者提出当前我国的农业政策措施的重点应放在如何降低生产成本和交易费用上。