马克思主义经济学与新制度经济学的主要区别与科学综合

马克思主义经济学与新制度经济学作为两个不同的理论体系,存在着许多重要差别,这些差别不仅表明二者具有对立性而且表明二者具有互补性。马克思主义经济学与新制度经济学也有着许多共同点或相通性。因此,我们应在马克思主义经济学科学方法论的指导下,认真地进行马克思主义经济学与新制度经济学的比较分析,努力实现二者的科学综合,从而推进马克思主义经济学的发展与创新,构造现代马克思主义经济学范式。     

从认知科学到经济学:情绪介入经济决策的内在机理研究

认知科学中情绪研究的兴起和发展改变了人们对情绪介入经济决策的传统认识。文章在梳理认知科学关于情绪介入决策的基础上,从权变的视角分析了情绪介入决策的权变因素,并阐述了认知科学对情绪介入经济决策研究的渗透和影响。文章认为认知科学对经济学的影响表现为:在研究视角上,可以从认知科学的信息加工视角理解情绪介入经济决策的内在机制;在研究层次上,经济决策的研究从行为层进入到认知心理层和脑神经层;在研究方法上,认知科学的行为实验和脑功能成像技术等方法被运用到经济决策的研究中;在研究模型上,经济学家发展了一些基于具体情绪的决策模型。文章在认知科学的基础上构建了经济学情绪—理性互动决策的概念模型。     

经济改革与经济学转型

我国的经济改革是在传统计划体制背景下启动的,也是在一定的改革意识引领下发生的,但在传统政治经济学框架内形成的改革理论具有一定的局限性。改革开放以来,经济学者运用现代经济学方法对中国经济进行分析,获得了有价值的成果。但是,我国经济学理论的转型还没有完成。为了深化市场经济的改革,如何科学地认识市场经济,怎样在经济学理论研究中体现现代精神,都需要在范式转型的前提下继续进行探索。     

西方经济学教学基础——经济情景

文章从西方经济学理论特性以及本科教学中存在的问题出发,研究了情景教学在西方经济学教学中的应用条件,提出了如何有效的实现情景与理论的融合,以达到提高教学效果的目的。研究结果表明:西方经济学理论具有理论和实践的不可分性、图形与数学模型的结合、假设条件的苛刻性以及理论的环境选择性等特点;教学中面临着本科生经济敏感性差、本土案例缺乏、理论在应用中的灵活性等问题;情景教学应用的条件是,学生理解理论提出的背景、学生进行情景体会、本土案例的开发。     

经济史学:理论经济学的基础学科

理论出自历史。经济历史出经济理论。经济史与经济理论的有机结合，是当代经济学发展的趋。本文从用于分析经济史学的理论，以及分析经济史实得出的理论概括两个方面，介绍了作者编著《中国近现代经济史》在加强理论分析方面的努力。     

Order-Dependent Knowledge and the Economics of Science

Economists approaching the study of science typically assume the applicability of a market analogy, but then base their analysis on the presumption that science constitutes an area of pervasive market failure. Given the interactions that are actually observed to occur between scientists, we suspect that the failure is in the analogy, not in the putative market. In considering how one might better apply the economic way of thinking to the understanding of science as an activity, we suggest that it is necessary to specify exactly how scientific interaction differs from market interaction, and to be clear about how the behavior of interacting scientists might be modeled in terms of the general pursuit of self-interest in a noncatallactic context. Our model of science portrays an institutionalized mode of interaction between scientists involving the publication, use, and citation of scientific papers, and it is in the exploration of the individual incentives thrown up by this arrangement that the interesting empirical implications arise. We give a short exposition of the possible lines of investigation that could be followed based on this approach.     

经济学帝国主义与经济学的古典回归

理论的真理特性与经济学家的理性行为共同决定了经济学的演化路径。经济活动的社会性要求经济学向古典传统回归,因此,将非市场社会因素引入经济理论框架可以获得更大的突破。以此为背景,追求事业成功的经济学家将理性选择框架推向非经济领域,形成经济学帝国主义。然而由于缺乏经济活动特有的货币计量标尺和市场竞争环境,试图改造其他社会科学的经济学帝国主义不能完成经济学向古典回归的使命。     

Integrating Applied Field Work into the Undergraduate Economics Curriculum

This article documents the development and implementation of an undergraduate research methods course incorporating field work. Conducted in collaboration between the UW-Eau Claire Department of Economics and local elected officials and county staff in Buffalo County, Wisconsin undergraduate students were assigned the task of developing and presenting initiating a county-wide economic redevelopment strategy during the Spring term 2018. Course specific learning goals included: Hard skills development (software usage, data acquisition and analysis, benchmarking, and survey design) and soft skills development (presentation of sensitive economic information to lay audiences and teamwork). Initial results suggest that field-based coursework improves student learning, student interest in economics, improve local economic performance, and may help to bridge the “Town versus Gown” divide.     

The Economic Problem of Happiness: Keynes on Happiness and Economics

By stressing the substantial continuity of vision between John Maynard Keynes’s early unpublished essays and his more mature writings, the paper discusses Keynes’s ethics and focuses on his thoughts about happiness. In particular, we emphasize the anti-utilitarianism of Keynes’s vision and his belief that material wealth is but a precondition to enjoy the possibilities of a good life, and direct attention to problems of incommensurability raised by the multidimensional nature of happiness as considered by Keynes. We then argue that the rediscovery of Keynes’s legacy in this respect may be a precious counterweight to the most controversial aspects of today’s happiness research.