浅谈乡土景观与小城镇规划

随着经济的快速增长和社会的稳定进步,小城镇的全面建设得以进行。同时,在发展过程中,环境退化、污染和资源浪费也已暴露出来。在和谐社会的基础上,论文提出了乡土景观与小城镇规划的有机结合。     

The Political Management of Change in Urban Retailing

This article deals with changing relations between retailing and the town. It focuses on the implications of changes that have arisen over the last thirty years and on the processes that have generated such transformations – or, to be more precise, on the role that policies may have played in the way change is conducted. The analysis examines the trend towards homogenization, on the world scale, of the way towns are being reconfigured: the development that locates large stores in distended, mono‐functional, off‐centre zones; the reshaping of neighbourhoods, which now tend to be defined solely by the notion of accessibility; town‐centre crisis and the selective rehabilitation of some town centres; and the decay of public spaces. It goes on to express reservations about the use of the term ‘Americanization’ to describe this movement, and then attempts to evaluate how far national laws and local administrations are likely to produce significant spatial, social and cultural differences. To achieve these aims, it adopts an approach that compares situations and practices from one country to another (in Europe and in North America), as well as from one town to another.     

新城市主义理念对我国小城镇规划与建设的指导意义

小城镇建设是实现城乡一体化的基础,是农村进入新的发展阶段提出的新任务和要求,本文针对目前我国小城镇规划的一些特点,通过新城市主义提倡的"以人为本"、"功能混合"文化传承"等方式和思想,辩证地分析其在小城镇社区规划中的应用,以期为我国小城镇规划设计提供借鉴。     

城市化进程中地名文化价值的量化分析——以上海市乡镇级地名为例

在城市化进程中,一些文化内涵深刻的老地名被弃用,原因在于对地名文化价值的判断以及地名的取舍缺少客观、稳定和统一的标准。通过对城市化进程中开展地名文化价值量化分析的意义、基本指导思想和主要研究过程等进行阐述,以上海市乡镇级地名文化保护过程中的实际应用为例,进行了量化分析的探索。     

我国当前村镇建设规划的意见以及思路

村镇建设意义重大,要做好新时期村镇建设工作务必要高度重视发挥规划的龙头和先导作用,规划既是行动的纲领,也是行动的方案,本文简要介绍了城乡规划法中村镇规划发展情况,并从城乡统筹、产业定位研究、村镇面貌、经营理念等方面对村镇规划提出了一些意见建议。     

Diversity and its management as a dialectical process: Encountering Sweden and the U.S.

This article approaches diversity and its management from a dialectical, socio-historical perspective. Two social–historical contexts are examined: the U.S., where social productions of ideas of diversity (management) first appeared; and Sweden, where some original ideas about diversity and its management relocated and were partly reinterpreted, creating new ideas about diversity. The article shows linkages between the development of the ideas and praxes of diversity in these contexts, drawing attention to different actors and milieus, and their often-conflicting ideas and interests, as well as unequal power relations. Like many other social phenomena, diversity and its management are mediated by socio-historical relationships that reflect their ongoing productions. Consequently these productions are not fixed realities immune to human intervention and change.     

浅论科学技术对于法律的意义

科学与技术的迅猛发展对于社会活动和社会建制产生了极为深刻的影响,不仅构建起人类社会整体存续的环境背景,更成为社会政治、经济、文化、法律发展进程中的重要内容,科技的进步标志着人类社会的进化程度,是社会不断进步的载体。科学技术发展产生了新的社会关系,使得既有的社会关系产生了新的形式,影响甚至改变了人类的某些生活方式及思维方式,更促进了法律内容的更新及有效性达成。     

Globalization and Economic Development: Impact of Social Capital and Institutional Building

Countries engaged actively in globalization have experienced phenomenal changes in economic, social, cultural, political, and technological progress. Some countries have benefited significantly from greater integration, while others have held globalization accountable for their economic failure and instability. Globalization introduces new political and social challenges. Benefiting from globalization requires complementary institutions and social development to deal with the changes and risks introduced by greater openness. This article examines whether globalization benefits economic development and how the developing countries could gain from globalization through their social capital and institutional building.     

基于ISO 26000的研发机构管理新思路

随着ISO 26000标准的正式发布,企业社会责任建设进入了一个新的阶段,这是社会的推动也是企业自身的需求。按履行社会责任的方式进行运作,企业才能获得持久的竞争力。研发机构的管理和效率关系着我国的科技创新和社会进步。文章依据ISO 26000标准的核心思想,探讨了对研发机构管理的新思路。     

企业技术创新风险与防范

技术创新是企业实现科技进步、增强核心竞争力的根本源泉,是企业生存与发展的重要基础。但是,技术创新与风险共存,创新风险已成为阻碍企业技术创新的重要因素之一。文章通过对技术创新风险的类型和成因进行分析与探讨,提出了企业防范技术创新风险的应对措施。     

桂北城镇聚落空间形态及景观

桂北城镇空间形态是特定的自然环境、社会经济和文化背景下,各构成要素共同作用的结果.塑造个性化的、可持续发展的城镇聚落形态是保持和发展城镇特色的主要内容和手段.通过对空间形态和景观格局形成的影响因素分析,提出了小城镇生态景观的完整性、空间生长的连续性、空间要素的有机性与空间形态的人文性是实现小城镇空间形态可持续发展的方法和途径.     

特色小城镇建设发展的探索与思考——以重庆市涪陵区为例

近年来,我国大力实施城镇化和城乡一体化发展战略,小城镇建设得以迅猛发展,对经济社会发展起到了积极的推动作用。但是,小城镇建设过程中出现了"千镇一面、品位不高、缺乏特色、竞争力不强,集聚和带动作用发挥不佳"问题,如何解决?重庆市涪陵区通过大胆探索、实践、创新,摸索出"建设发展特色小城镇"新路子来解决这个发展中的难题。经过深入调研,现就涪陵区特色小城镇建设的探索情况、存在的主要问题及相关思考作如下浅述。     

GOVERNING MIGRATION THROUGH SMALL TOWNS: Dispersal and the Production of Spaces of Transit

Based on qualitative long-term fieldwork conducted in a peripherally located small town in East Germany, this article compares the dispersal of repatriates from the former Soviet Union with that of recent refugee arrivals. It shows that in this small town the dispersal and local governance of refugees builds on previous approaches to dealing with repatriates. Such approaches repeatedly result in cycles of localized distribution and subsequent small-scale segregation, short-term integration activities, the detachment of both groups from the town and, finally, migrants’ subsequent outmigration and relocation to other (mostly larger) cities. To make sense of this path dependency in terms of its specific patterns and characteristics, and to explore the relationships between dispersal, local policy framings, and in- and outmigration to and from small towns, I apply a studying through dispersal approach. This approach reveals that dispersal is an important factor in making and unmaking local migration policies. It can turn small towns into productive sites for migration governance, often transforming them into mere waiting zones and transit spaces. This not only continues migrants’ experiences of displacement but also impacts on the image of the small town, where migrants themselves may not want to reside permanently.     

基于潜力模型和经济势理论的卫星城发展研究

在深入剖析大城市和卫星城市发展影响因素的基础上,基于空间相互作用的潜力模型和交通对城镇发展影响的经济势理论,构建了卫星城发展优势度模型,该模型可用于分析卫星城规划、主卫城间交通联系对卫星城发展的影响等,并以西安市为例,验证了该模型在卫星城规划中的应用.     

浅议游客在新兴旅游文化产业中的真实性感受——以彝人古镇为例

近代旅游业经过了半个多世纪的发展历程,以休闲与文化等精神性旅游需求为特征的旅游者不断涌现,传统旅游资源难以满足现代旅游者的需求。模仿式古镇逐渐超出了传统资源的地域性和文化原真性范畴,笔者以彝人古镇为例,从真实性视角,游客的体验,古镇自身形成的文化对模仿式古镇进行研究,探讨新兴旅游产业的可创造性。     

Introduction: Towards a Political Understanding of New Ruins

This debate section gathers together contributions from cultural historians, political geographers, urban sociologists and architectural writers on new forms of ruination in contemporary landscapes. Their case studies span examples of ruins in China, North America, Ireland and Ukraine, as well as reviewing cultural representations of ruined, remote and peripheral spaces in England and Greece. Many wider cultural representations of ruined landscapes are primarily visual; whilst these have great value in alerting wider publics to the debris of global capitalism, neoliberalism and state‐sanctioned processes of cultural imperialism, what is needed within academic contributions to the ruinology literature is a deeper understanding and articulation of the wider contexts within which ruination occurs. Therefore, several contributions supplement visual representations of ruination with ethnographic and first‐person accounts of places on the ground, whereas other contributions offer readings of ruined landscapes that are rich in political histories and policy details. Connections are made to wider contemporary debates around ‘forensic architecture’ and critical archaeologies of the present and recent past. What connects these contributions is a commitment to situating ruins within their historical, policy and social contexts, and working through ruination to open out political readings of landscape.     

From Territorial Cohesion to Regional Spatial Justice: The Well-Being of Future Generations Act in Wales

The European Union's flagship Cohesion Policy faces evidence of dubious economic effectiveness and growing political and philosophical critiques of the very ideals of furthering European integration. This article examines ambitions for territorial cohesion as they have been operationalized through regional development in Wales. We argue that a potential alternative to the failed realization of territorial cohesion lies in the principles of spatial justice. While territorial cohesion has typically emphasized the redistribution of funds to ‘lagging’ regions, spatial justice, as we define it, is premised upon enabling regions to assert their own capacity to act and pursue positive visions of regional futures, consider the implications of space and scale for the achievement of justice, and define well-being, development and the ‘good life’ in ways that reflect regional priorities. We examine three ways in which recent political discourses and policy mechanisms in Wales resonate with these ideals. We focus on attempts to envision a progressive Welsh future, develop alternative spaces and scales of governance, and redefine and pluralize understandings of progress and well-being. The article concludes by reflecting on the practical and conceptual implications of rescaling spatial justice to regional contexts.     

城镇化进程中政府的职能作用

城镇化的推进需要各级政府发挥主导作用.本文认为,政府的主导作用主要表现为城镇化确立发展理念,科学定位区域内产业分工与协作,加强监督管理,改革城建投融资体制,促进城镇可持续发展,着力营造和优化环境等.政府要通过发挥决策作用、服务作用、法治规范作用、宣传教育作用等实现对城镇化的推进.     

Geographical and cognitive proximity effects on innovation performance in SMEs: a way through knowledge acquisition

This study explores the relative influence of geographical and cognitive proximity to explain innovation performance. This paper deepens the controversy between the significance of both types of proximity, contributing to a better understand their interconnections. The study further analyzes to what extent knowledge acquisition provides a congruent explanation of the effectiveness of innovation in proximity contexts. The paper has tested a structural model based on a sample of 224 Spanish footwear firms. Footwear industry is a mature and traditional industry with a significant presence of the territorial agglomeration of firms all over Spain. Findings suggest both a direct and indirect effect of cognitive proximity on innovation performance. However, an excess of geographical proximity produces spatial lock-in, thus limiting the access to new knowledge and lowering innovations. By contrast, proximity in terms of goals and culture leads firms belonging to a territorial cluster to achieve knowledge acquisition resulting in relevant innovation. Findings suggest that although transferable valuable knowledge exists in clustered contexts firms should adopt a proactive behavior to have access common knowledge and in order to generate effective innovations.     

中国大学城“空巢”现象探究——基于上海市松江大学城的调研

中国大学城作为独特的教育和社区联合体,由于建设者忽略了教师、学生和商家等主体的某些需求而出现"空巢"现象。本文通过对上海市松江大学城的调查研究,在分析影响大学城资源共享的物质和非物质因素基础上,提出改进国内大学城建设、管理及资源优化配置的对策和措施。