论企业租赁的问题与对策

论企业租赁的问题与对策董佳友，张修忠，洪景忠宝泉岭垦区自１９９３年以来，在转换企业经营机制过程中，对１３个国有农场的部分微利或亏损的中小型工商运建服企业实行租赁、股份、转卖、兼并、嫁接、破产等多种形式的产权制度改革．截止到１９９４年底，实行租赁经营的...     

属地化后地勘费使用的初步设想

文章对属地化之后地勘费职能的改变作了分析,对地勘单位当前存在的困难进行了论证,进而提出如何管好用好地勘费.     

ASPECTS OF FARM PROFITABILITY: AN OUTMODED CONCEPT? PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS

The paper begins by recording Journal articles since 1952 of relevance to farming incomes and efficiency, and follows by reviewing the literature on measuring farmers' incomes and the problems entailed, including consideration of non-farming incomes and capital gains and their relevance to agricultural policy. Definitions of ‘profit’ in selected economic texts are then compared, together with attempts to measure ‘pure profit’ from farming. Suitable charges for management and interest are then determined and estimates made of net profits and losses from different types of farming in 1986/7 and 1987/8 for both average and ‘top’ farms. Real farming incomes and capital gains from land from 1938 to 1988 are then discussed. The paper concludes by summarising why the concept of profitability from farming has now largely lost its significance—though not for all farmers.     

SUBSTITUTION BETWEEN WOOLS OF DIFFERENT FIBRE DIAMETER1

The extent to which wools with different fibre characteristics can be substituted in textile production and consumption holds implications for Australia's international and domestic marketing policies. An analysis of price-induced substitution between Australian wools of different fibre diameters was conducted. Fibre diameter was used to parameterise cross-price relationships in order to estimate a system of demand equations for wools by diameter class. The results indicate that direct substitution takes place within a very limited range of fibre diameters. The use of product characteristics to parameterise price relationships may be extended to other graded commodities.     

GENERIC PROMOTION OF BEEF: MEASURING THE IMPACT OF THE US BEEF CHECKOFF

Generic promotions of commodities are growing in importance. In the US, commodity industry assessments or checkoffs (i.e. a per unit levy or tax) are used to underwrite domestic and international promotions by commodity groups. The US beef checkoff is one of the largest of these new national commodity programmes. Evaluation of the economic impact of the beef promotion is an essential part of the beef checkoff. A model for evaluating the US beef programmes is estimated and the methodology is applicable to other commodity models that include advertising and promotion expenditures. The beef analysis shows a positive and significant return to the beef industry, with an average of approximately $5 for each $1 invested for the quarters 1987:1 through 1991:2.     

EFFECTS OF NON-PRICE EXPORT PROMOTION: SOME EVIDENCE FOR COTTON*

An Annington-type trade model is estimated to determine the effects of government-subsidized export promotion on the demand for U.S. cotton in the Pacific Rim. Results show a significant relationship between promotion expenditures and U.S. market share in four of the six countries examined. One of the two countries exhibiting a non-significant effect had very low promotion expenditures, suggesting that a minimal level of funding may be necessary to achieve a market response. The hypothesis that export promotion has a carryover period lasting beyond one year in general is supported by the data. The question of the economic impacts of export promotion on domestic producers and taxpayers must await additional research.     

PROMOTION OF PRIMARY PRODUCTS — A VIEW FROM THE CLOISTER*

This paper is a discourse on how promotion may contribute to the efficiency of consumption. The view is taken that, through its addition to the quantity of search with respect to product characteristics, promotion may enable consumers to allocate their expenditures more efficiently and yield additional revenue to producers of the promoted product. The central plea is for consistency in the identification of promotion objectives, the implementation of the promotion program and monitoring of the outcome. In an idiosyncratic way, the promotion objectives are framed as being related to price and income elasticities and it is argued that promotional outcomes should be monitored in terms of these elasticities. Supply shifts may complement promotion strategies to the advantage or disadvantage of producers and the outcomes in terms of producer surplus are examined for particular promotion strategies and shifts in linear supply functions.     

矿产资源使用中的经济关系及税费改革

文章对矿产资源勘查开发中的经济关系进行了全面论述,在此基础上,对矿产资源的税费改革提出了建议,主张强化矿产资源补偿费的征收,取消资源税.     

开源节流构建社会保障筹资新机制

开源节流,构建社会保障筹资新机制,是筹集社会保障资金,加强资金管理与监督,推进社会保障制度改革的重要内容.文章提出,要多方筹集资金,为建立健全社会保障体系提供财力保障;加强资金监管,严把支出关,增强社会保障基金支付能力;编制独立的社会保障预算,为建立规范、完善、稳定的社会保障筹资机制奠定基础.     

THE DEMAND FOR MILK IN AUSTRALIA ESTIMATION OF PRICE AND INCOME EFFECTS FROM THE 1984 HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE SURVEY*

Cross-sectional data are used to estimate a three-equation generalised addilog demand system (GADS); two equations are used to express the demand for milk by method of sale and a residual equation is used to close the system. It is shown that, as the average budget share of the residual equation approaches unity, the GADS equations for the incomplete system are approximately equivalent to double logarithmic equations. It is found that aggregate milk demand is relatively insensitive to both price and income, but the degree of substitution between delivered and non-delivered milk is both large and highly significant. A new test for influential data in the system context is developed and it suggests that the reported results are robust to variations in the sample space.     

矿业权价值评估参数值选取

文章认为,正确选取参数值对矿业权价值评估合理与否意义重大。文章分析了影响矿业权价值评估因素特征,对如何科学、合理选取可靠的参数值进行较为详细地阐述。     

胶济铁路沿线产业带及其对山东省区域发展的影响

山东省胶济铁路沿线产业带是目前省内经济最发达、产业高度密集的核心地带,其区域背景优越。该产业带从1840年到目前经历了低水平均衡性空间结构的雏形期、多核心空间结构的发展期、带状点轴空间结构的成熟期,带来了山东省区域发展的南北差异、东西梯度差异和圈层结构。认为在发展战略上可采取轴线带动开发和圈层中心带动的模式,在此基础上达到整个区域发展的均衡网络阶段。     

基于BP模型的渔业资源可持续利用预警系统评价

本文提出了基于BP(Back Propagation)模型的渔业资源可持续利用预警系统的评价方法和模型框架，其评价方法具有自组织、自学习、自适应以及非线性等优点。该系统由经济、社会和资源环境三个子系统组成，并以东海区1978—1990年的渔业资源可持续利用状况为例进行了实证分析。     

铜山县土地利用/覆被变化对生态经济协调度的影响研究

根据铜山县1997-2007年的土地利用覆被变化数据,运用Costanza生态服务价值计算公式得到全县1997-2007年的生态服务价值,再结合铜山县1997-2007的GDP变化情况,得出铜山县1997-2007生态经济协调度的动态变化情况。然后计算铜山县不同乡(镇)1997-2007年的生态经济协调,并结合铜山县的实际情况对其变化做出解释。通过研究发现、铜山县的从1997-2007年生态经济协调度呈现先降后升的U型变化,从1998、2002、2007年的生态经济协调度来看,铜山县自然资源丰富的东北片生态经济协调度整体上要低于西北片、东南片的平原地带。     

我国国土资源规划体系研究

文章分析了我国国土资源规划管理的现状,对建立市场经济条件下的国土资源规划体系、国土资源规划体系中各类规划的相互关系、作用以及国土资源管理与国土资源规划之间的关系进行了较为详细地阐述。     

试论对经营者实施股票期权激励的可行性

本文从建立地勘单位经营者有效的激励约束机制出发,着重探讨了中国冶勘一局对经营者实施股票期权激励的现状、有利条件和基本思路,论证了该局建立股票期权激励的可行性.     

我国矿产资源政策若干问题的探讨

在总结建国以来各个时期矿产资源政策制订和实施的实践经验的基础上,文章分析了矿产资源政策在国家经济体系中的地位和作用,政府在矿产资源勘查中的地位和作用,矿产资源开采主体的选择等问题,并提出了对矿产资源政策结构调整内容完善的建议.     

发展荣成市远洋渔业的思考

当前荣成市远洋渔业正处在关键的转折时期，发展潜力大，面临的困难和问题也多。本文就该市远洋渔业存在的困难和问题及今后的对策与措施进行重点论述。