外商直接投资对我国出口商品结构的影响

改革开放以来我国商品出口保持着持续快速增长,出口商品结构也发生了重大的变化,随着外商直接投资(FDI)大量涌入,FDI对我国企业和市场都产生了一定影响,出口商品结构得到改善;但同时又存在着一定的问题。本文就通过对我国出口商品结构的演变进行分析,指出其存在的具体问题,对企业和官方提出了行之有效的对策,使我国的贸易结构得到优化。     

外商直接投资对中国出口商品结构的影响

外商直接投资(FDI)对中国出口商品结构影响的研究结果表明,FDI在促进中国出口商品结构升级方面发挥了重要作用,对制成品出口的促进效应尤为明显。针对如何优化外资结构以促进我国出口商品结构升级、平衡我国区域经济发展等问题提出了相关建议。     

Effects of FDI on China's Export Commodities Structure

外商直接投资( FDI)对中国出口商品结构影响的研究结果表明,FDI在促进中国出口商品结构升级方面发挥了重要作用,对制成品出口的促进效应尤为明显.针对如何优化外资结构以促进我国出口商品结构升级、平衡我国区域经济发展等问题提出了相关建议.     

关于改善我国出口商品结构问题

一、我国出口商品结构亟待改善我国外贸发展36年来,出口商品结构有了一定的改善,初级产品在出口中的比重由1953年的79.4%降低到1985年的50.7%,工业制成品的比重由1953年的20.6%上升到1985年的49.3%。但是,应该承认,目前的出口商品结构还是很落后的,仍然没有摆脱以出口初级产品为主的状态,出口的工业制成品也处在以粗加工品为主的状态。     

试述改善我国出口商品结构的基本思路

一、我国出口商品结构存在的主要问题考察我国近年来出口商品结构的发展变化,可以看出,我国出口商品结构有了很大的改善和提高,但仍然存在一些问题,主要有:1.从出口商品加工程度看。虽然从总量的比例上已基本实现了从出口初级产品为主向制成品为主的转变,但只要对制成品的结构作进一步分析,就会发现我国出口商品结构仍呈低级化。这主要表现为两方面,一是制成品中劳动密集程度高的纺织、服装鞋帽、轻工业品及一般加工产品占有较大的比重;二是由于我国出口产品中一半以上是通过加工贸易实现的,而加工贸易出口基本上是劳动密集型产品(业)的出口…     

我国出口商品结构和经济增长关系的实证分析

本文从出口商品结构的角度,对我国1985-2006年间的初级产品和工业制成品出口分类的数据和GDP数据,运用协整等方法分析了出口商品结构同经济增长的关系。结论是:短期内,初级产品和工业制成品的出口都对经济增长起到促进作用,但是经济增长对初级产品或工业制成品出口的反作用却不明显。长期内,工业制成品出口对经济增长起促进作用,而初级产品出口对经济增长起消极作用。     

在金融危机中抓住转变外贸发展方式的机遇

改革开放30年，福建省出口规模迅速扩张，出口商品的结构有了很大改善，初级产品比重迅速降低，工业制成品比重迅速提高，但外贸增长方式还没得到根本转变，以初级产品和粗加工的工业制品为主的出口商品结构以及粗放式经营的外贸发展格局没有得到根本改变。以低价竞销，     

今后十年我国工业制成品出口主导产业调整速度的初步设想

<正> 近年来,随着我国出口贸易的迅速发展,我国的出口商品结构也有了较大的改善。1980年到1989年期间,初级产品在出口商品中的比重自53.4%下降到28.7%,工业制成品则由46.6%上升到71.3%,基本上实现了我国出口商品结构第一层次的转变,即从出口初级产品为主转向出口工业制成品为     

我国对外贸易商品结构的环境效应实证研究——基于VAR模型脉冲响应分析

本文通过协整分析、VAR模型脉冲响应分析和方差分解的方法,研究了我国对外贸易商品结构的环境效应。研究结果表明:从长期看来,环境、出口商品结构、进口商品结构之间存在长期稳定的关系。出口商品结构和进口商品结构的优化都能够促使环境质量改善。其中以工业制成品进口为主的进口商品结构相比以工业制成品出口为主的出口结构更能缓解我国贸易造成的环境压力。从短期来看,我国目前的出口商品结构和进口商品结构在短期内都将抑制环境质量的改善。其中,进口商品结构对环境短期内变化的影响程度最为显著。     

出口商品结构优化与经济增长相互作用的实证研究——基于我国初级产品与工业制成品出口的协整分析

本文基于我国1980-2004年初级产品出口、工业制成品出口和国内生产总值的统计数据,对出口商品结构优化与经济增长的相互作用进行了协整分析。实证结果表明:出口商品结构优化对经济增长有长期稳定的促进作用,而短期表现不明显,并且两者之间不存在双向因果关系。根据以上结论,提出了优化出口商品结构以促进我国经济持续稳定增长的政策建议。     

Export Stages and Export Barriers: Revisiting Traditional Export Development

This study revisits the stage model dialogue by testing seven hypotheses on the relationship between stages of export development and the influence of export barriers. Empirical data are based on a sample of 145 New Zealand firms, and the analysis combines a six‐stage framework with an illustrative list of barriers, while going a step further than previous research by examining the effect of covariates. Empirical results demonstrate that resource constraints, marketing barriers, knowledge and experience barriers, and export‐procedure barriers are “export stage dependent.” However, regarding export‐stage‐dependent barriers, differences exist only when we compare the early to the very advanced stages of development. These results also refute the grand hypothesis, which suggests an inverse relationship between export stages and the influence of export barriers. While the stage model typology still provides a practicable basis for need‐based segmentation, it does not capture completely the heterogeneity associated with the middle stages. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Perceived Export Problems and Export Involvement:

A relatively limited amount of empirical research has focused on problems and issues pertaining to exporting from countries not associated with an advanced level of economic development. This paper reports on a systematic study of problems experienced by Greek exporting manufacturers in their trading activities with overseas distributors based in European Community (EC). In this context, an attempt is made, firstly, to investigate the underlying structure of exporting problems, and secondly, to examine the extent to which there are significant differences in perceptions of exporting problems based upon the degree of export involvement. A number of significant differences are found to exist in perceived export problems between different exporter categories in terms of export involvement. The implications of the study for business practitioners and public policy makers are highlighted, and future research directions are identified and discussed.     

Impact of Export Promotion on Export Performance:

This study empirically examines the impact of export promotional services on the export performance of manufacturing firms in Tanzania. The results suggest three broad tentative contributions to our understanding of export causal relationships: First, awareness per se of export promotional services is a poor explanatory factor of export performance. Second, as expected, usage of the services is a better explanatory factor than awareness. Third, contrary to expectations, satisfaction with the services tends to be inversely associated, though not significantly, with export performance. More empirical research elsewhere is recommended to validate these results.     

Export transitions

This paper uses a broad multi-country dataset to describe the main stylized facts about export performance in the last four decades. First, transition probability matrices are computed to look at changes in the position of countries at the world distribution of the export to GDP ratio. It finds that transitions toward high export ratios have been mainly experienced by Asian countries, but also that some reformers, like Mexico and Chile, have been able to improve their position relative to other studied economies. African countries mainly sunk to the bottom part of the world distribution, although they constitute only half of the economies with relatively bad export performance. In the consideration of the structural factors that may play an important role for long-run transitions, the results suggest that more open economies and those with better institutions are more likely to move to high export ratios in the long-run. Second, the within-country experiences are analyzed for identifying episodes of export transitions. Using an event study methodology, a very weak association is found between export transitions and investment rate. In contrast, the results suggest that transitions are potentially driven by improvements in financial development. Finally, favorable terms of trade, increments in productivity, and reductions in exchange rate distortions are not found to be a catalyst for export transitions.     

文化贸易出口持续期如何影响了出口品质

文化贸易出口持续期与文化产品出口品质之间存在何种影响效应?文章基于1996-2013年联合国贸易统计数据库,通过构建文化贸易出口品质和出口持续期指标,实证分析发现:由于文化消费的"理性成瘾"和消费惯性特征,文化贸易出口持续期对出口品质提升具有显著的促进效应。在不同文化产品类别和出口持续期样本中,上述影响效应存在显著的差异,在"退出"、"进入"和"只存在一年"等样本呈现显著的负向抑制效应。此外,文化产品的进口规模、出口目的国文化差异与经济发展水平等因素均与文化出口品质存在显著的影响。本文多种稳健性回归估计验证了上述结论。基于此,如何有效提升中国文化贸易的出口持续期,发挥其对出口品质的促进效应,可能是提高中国文化产品的国际竞争力的关键所在。     

利用出口信用保险促进我国农产品出口

扩大农产品出口,对我国农业经济发展具有重要的意义。出口信用保险是符合世贸组织规则的国际通行的支持商品出口的政策性手段,有助于解决农产品出口中面临的风险大、资金紧张、结构不合理等问题。积极推广利用出口信用保险,可以推动我国农产品出口贸易的发展。