金融安全视角下的股市平准基金探析

通过平准基金的方式来平抑股价波动理论界历来存有争议。然而,宏观环境的变化、资本市场自身的体制机制性缺陷,将进一步增加我国金融体系的不确定性,强化金融内在的脆弱性,从资本市场的渠道对我国金融安全构成潜在的威胁和挑战。作为现代市场经济的核心,金融的稳定与安全高于一切,金融安全比市场化规则更重要。因此,规划设立股市平准基金,建立资本市场危机干预机制符合国家金融安全这一战略利益。当然,对于平准基金的管理、运作、风险控制和信息披露等方面应该制订一系列严格的制度规范,以控制基金自身的风险,保证基金的运行效率。     

Stock market liberalizations: Financial and macroeconomic implications

The paper presents new evidence on the effects of stock market liberalization on financial and macroeconomic development. Using a panel of 27 countries, liberalization is associated with a short-term increase in real private investment growth of about 14 percentage points cumulatively in the four years following liberalization and a cumulative 4 percentage point increase in real GDP per capita growth. The benefits of liberalization are higher in countries that have improved their institutional framework prior to liberalization. In contrast to other studies, we find some evidence for a permanent growth effect of about 0.4 percent a year in an extended sample of 72 countries. JEL no. F3, G1, O1     

可转换债券首发日股价效应研究

本文对我国可转换债券首发日的股价效应进行了实证研究。研究结果表明,可转债首发日存在显著非零的股价效应。这表明市场对可转债融资行为的反应有一个过程,并非董事会拟发行可转债公告后市场就已经消化了公告的内容。本文的回归结果表明,可转债首发日异常收益与流通股比例显著负相关。这说明,首发日显著为负的累积异常收益）,可由流通股比例来解释,流通股比例越大的公司,首发日异常收益越小,即负得越多,反之亦然。     

盘活存量资产,用活现有资金--试论如何加强以资金管理为中心的财务管理

在市场经济条件下,任何企业都要在市场中参与激烈的竞争,其动力就是追逐经济效益,实现利润最大化。资金管理是企业经营管理的重点和关键,只有充分发挥资金管理对企业内部检查和外部监督的职能,才能让企业取得更大的经济效益。本文针对如何加强企业资金管理进行讨论,其目的在于充分认识资金管理对经济工作的重要意义。     

公司股份回购负财务效应分析

股份回购早已成为上市公司为配合资本结构决策或股利政策而广泛采用的财务举措,而在我国股份回购无疑也是证券市场上的一项重大制度突破和金融创新。本文首先阐述了股份回购的基本理论,然后结合东北老工业基地公司股份回购的相关情况,着重地分析了股份回购的负财务效应。最后针对股份回购负财务效应分析中所发现的问题,提出了一系列相应的建议和解决措施,使其无论在理论上还是实践上的研究都得到了进一步的完善。     

Market microstructure and price discovery on the Tokyo Stock Exchange

This paper compares the price discovery processes at the opening and closing transactions for the fifty largest stocks trading on the Tokyo Stock Exchange. Open-to-open returns are found to have a greater volatility and a more negative autocorrelation pattern than close-to-close returns, similar to the pattern we found on the New York Stock Exchange. The results are consistent with pricing over-reaction at the opening and partial price-adjustment at the close. These patterns persist over time and prevail when estimated for returns conditional on the contemporaneous market effect. Our analysis of daytime and overnight returns suggest that pricing errors at the opening are corrected over the trading day. We present a new measure of volatility — the relative dispersion of stock returns around the market return — and find that it is greater at the opening, consistent with a more noisy price discovery process.     

Stock market development and economic growth in Belgium

This paper investigates the long-term relationship between financial market development and economic development in Belgium. We use a new data set of stock market development indicators to argue that financial market development substantially affected economic growth. We find strong evidence that stock market development caused economic growth in Belgium, especially in the period between 1873 and 1935. Institutional changes affecting the stock exchange explain the time-varying nature of the link between stock market development and economic growth.     

国际金融危机背景下的金融交易税:从理论到实践

国际金融危机席卷全球之后,金融交易税重新受到高度关注,各国陆续提出了若干种实施方案。本文首先回顾了当前国际金融危机下的全球经济走势及各国提出金融交易税的宏观经济背景,其次阐述了金融交易税理论的内涵及效应,并结合国内外关于金融交易税的各类研究探讨交易税如何影响金融市场的有效性和稳定性。论文不仅比较了历史上各国征收金融交易税的经验及效果,而且估计了调整证券交易印花税对中国股市的实际影响。最后,分析了国际上开征金融交易税的可行性,并就中国金融交易税的方案提出政策建议。     

Emerging financial markets and early US growth

Studies of early US growth traditionally emphasize real-sector explanations for an acceleration that is evident by the period 1815-1840. Interestingly, establishment of the nation's modern financial structure predated by three decades the transportation improvements and widespread use of water- and steam-powered machinery that are thought to have triggered modernization. We argue that an innovative and expanding financial system, by providing debt and equity financing to businesses and governments as new technologies emerged, was central to early growth and modernization. To test the hypothesis, we employ a set of multivariate time series models that relate measures of banking and equity market activity to investment and business incorporations from 1790 to 1850. The results support the hypothesis of “finance-led” growth. Our new view is at odds with earlier views that emphasize the deficiencies rather than the advantages of the early US financial system.     

Financial crises,Asian stock indices,and current accounts: An Asian-U.S. comparative study

This paper investigates the effects of financial crises-based exchange rate, real interest rate, and personal consumption expenditure on stock market indices and balances of current account in four Asian countries/areas, and the U.S. from 1997 to 2010. Results obtained from Sims's first-order DSGE representation suggest that two policy variables – changes in the exchange rate and changes in the real interest rate lagged by one quarter – act as stabilizers for contemporaneous changes in stock indices for Thailand, Malaysia, and the U.S., but as destabilizers for Taiwan and Hong Kong. However, changes in personal consumption expenditure lagged by one quarter only play a destabilizing role in Hong Kong. For contemporaneous changes in the current account balance, all three policy variables become destabilizers for all five countries except the one-quarter lagged change in real interest rate, which acts as a stabilizer in Malaysia.     

金融危机形势下我国推出股指期货的相关问题研究

股指期货是20世纪80年代金融创新浪潮中出现的最重要、最成功的金融工具之一。虽然本次金融危机的蔓延使我国股指期货的推出再次推迟,但我们有理由相信,股指期货的推出,将会发挥其应有的作用,为我国股票市场的发展注入新的活力。     

人民币汇率波动对股票价格报酬影响的实证研究

文章基于我国2005年7月-2010年2月的时间序列数据,采用单位根检验、协整检验、格兰杰因果检验以及VAR模型,对人民币汇率波动与股票价格报酬间关系进行了实证研究,结果发现：人民币汇率、利率、CPI和股票价格报酬之间存在长期的协整关系,且人民币汇率对股票价格报酬有正的影响效应,CPI对股票价格报酬也有一定的正向影响,而利率对股票价格报酬有负向影响效果。     

人民币汇率波动对股票价格影响的实证研究

文章基于我国2005年7月-2010年2月的时间序列数据,采用单位根检验、协整检验、格兰杰因果检验以及VAR模型,对人民币汇率波动与股票价格间关系进行了实证研究,结果发现：人民币汇率、利率、CPI和股票价格之间存在长期的协整关系,且人民币汇率对股票价格有正的影响效应,CPI对股票价格也有一定的正向影响,而利率对股票价格有负向影响效果。     

Portfolio modelling and growth in open economies

The standard BRANSON model is modified in a way which allows one to focus on the short term dynamics of foreign bonds markets, the money market and the stock market—or alternatively the oil market. This allows us to explain the dynamics of the exchange rate and the oil price within a portfolio choice model; also we identify critical expectation dynamics in a more conventional pricing approach to the oil market—expectations determine whether or not the oil market equilibrium is compatible with a stationary price or with sustained oil price inflation. Moreover, a straightforward innovative way to combine a portfolio approach with a growth model is developed. New results are obtained—through multiplier analysis—about the long term effects of changes in the savings rate, the process innovation rate, the product innovation variable and the money supply on the exchange rate and the stock market price; this raises many empirical issues. Finally, the analysis presented sheds new light on the global asset price dynamics in the context of the banking crisis. To the memory of Edward Graham, Petersen Institute for International Economics, Washington D.C.     

The Impact of Financial and Tax Reporting Incentives on Option Grants to Canadian CEOs*

This study explores the effects of financial and tax reporting incentives on options granted to chief executive officers in Canada. Extant studies with a similar objective (Yermack 1995; Matsunaga 1995) explore predominantly nonqualified U.S. option grants that are deductible to the extent that the options are in the money at the time of exercise. In contrast, Canadian firms do not get a tax deduction for their stock option grants at any time. In both countries, no expense is recorded for financial reporting purposes. As a result, the financial reporting and tax reporting trade‐off is more pronounced in the Canadian setting of this study compared with the U.S. setting. We measure option granting behavior as the ratio of the Black‐Scholes value of stock option grants to the sum of cash compensation and the value of stock option grants. Using a sample of 806 firm‐year observations during the period 1993‐95, we find that observed option grants are significantly correlated with proxies for short‐run financial reporting incentives. We also find evidence that option granting behavior is correlated with proxies for tax incentives.