汽车制造业应对国外技术性贸易壁垒的策略

WTO后过渡期到来,中国汽车制造业面临的国外技术性贸易壁垒成为非关税壁垒的主要内容之一.文章简述了主要发达国家为保护汽车业而设计的技术性贸易壁垒,并提出几点中国汽车制造业应对国外技术性贸易壁垒的策略建议,提出应借鉴国外的保护性措施,构建一种有效的管理体制,提升该行业的国际竞争力.     

加入WTO后中国汽车贸易壁垒降低方式的不确定性

利用数学模型并结合实证分析 ,研究中国汽车市场在 2 0 0 1年至 2 0 0 6年期间贸易壁垒不同的降低方式及其对国内汽车业发展的利弊 ,以及降低方式的不确定所带来的政策制定的选择 ;探究贸易壁垒降低方式的不确定性对国外汽车公司战略的影响。最后 ,为国家制定汽车产业政策提出建议     

Apartheid and business: Competition,monopoly and the growth of the malted beer industry in South Africa

The South African brewing industry experienced enormous growth in the apartheid era, following the lifting of prohibition on the sale of ‘European liquor’ to Africans in 1961. Successive international brewers and local entrepreneurs sought to benefit from increased demand in the 1970s but were unable to withstand competition from South African Breweries (SAB), the dominant player in the industry. A decade of intense competition in the brewing industry ended with the intervention of the cabinet of the Afrikaner Nationalist government. SAB's status as ‘sole supplier to the industry’ remained virtually unchallenged until the demise of apartheid and the end of South Africa's international isolation. The end of apartheid and changes in the global brewing industry brought renewed competition to the South African beer market in the late 1990s and early 2000s.     

The Role of the Investment Climate and Tax Incentives in the Foreign Direct Investment Decision: Evidence from South Africa

In this article, the author uses microdata and firm interviews to explore the role of foreign direct investment drivers in South Africa. Reinforcing the majority of the foreign direct investment literature, she finds that pecuniary incentives play a negligible role in the investment decision for the majority of firms. The micro level of analysis enables specification of the investment climate constraints that are decisive—notably political and regulatory uncertainty, skills, labor regulation, and exchange volatility. This area-specific analysis contains potential lessons for other sub-Saharan countries.     

我国钢铁业产业内贸易的实证研究

文章从整体和分类两个层面上对我国钢产量居世界第一以来的钢铁业产业内贸易的水平和结构进行了实证研究.结果表明,我国钢铁业产业内贸易水平较低,贸易变动主要由产业间贸易引起;而且钢铁业的垂直型产业内贸易水平较低,产业内贸易以水平型产业内贸易为主.我国为此应该采取相关对策,促进钢铁业产业内贸易的发展.     

Exchange Rate Volatility and International Trade Flows in sub-Saharan Africa: Empirical Evidence

In this article, the authors examine the relationship between the volatility in exchange rates and the volume of international trade in sub-Saharan African countries. Using the gravity equation and annual data for the period 1998–2007, they find a statistically significant and negative correlation between the volatility in exchange rates and the volume of trade. The estimated elasticities show that the responsiveness of the flow of international trade to changes in exchange rate volatility is very small. This suggests that eliminating the volatility in the exchange rates will result in only small increments in the volume of trade. Accordingly, pursuing a policy of exchange rate stability would not be sufficient to significantly increase the volume of bilateral trade in the sub-Saharan African region.     

中国产品内贸易发展的国际地位与地理方向特征——基于电子机械类产品的经验研究

对中国电子机械类产品内贸易的实证研究表明,中国仍然处于产品生产的低端环节或价值链的低附加值部分,但已经出现产品生产环节或价值链环节的攀升现象。从贸易地理方向上看,中国电子机械类产品内贸易已经从明显的三角贸易模式逐步转为融入到全球生产网络体系中去,具有明显的全球价值分割的特征。鉴于全球产品内贸易的深入发展,欧美不断引发针对中国的贸易争端是不公正的。     

我国汽车电子行业投资机会研究

汽车电子行业正成为支持汽车工业发展的相对独立的新兴支柱产业,并日益引起国内外产业界的关注。本文从汽车电子行业发展的历程着眼,在详尽分析当前国内外汽车电子产业发展现状的基础上,指出我国发展汽车电子产业应该重点把握的投资机会,以期为国内的相关实践和后续的理论研究提供一些有益的启示。     

产品内分工与产品内贸易——一个基于汽车产品的实例分析

国际分工由产业间深入到产业内并进一步深入到产品内已是一个不争的事实,尤其是在汽车、电子、服装等制造业产业。经典贸易理论以整体终端产品作为潜在的分析假设,因此难以担负解释国际贸易现状的重任。那么,什么是产品内分工和产品内贸易,在该领域的研究现状如何,怎样分析产品内分工的组织或权力结构?本文将以汽车为例,针对以上问题作出初步的回答。     

Entrepreneurial Challenges in South Africa

ABSTRACT

This purpose of the research was to examine how entrepreneurs experience and deal with ethical dilemmas. In so doing, the author also uncovered some interesting aspects of entrepreneurial life in South Africa. This was a phenomenological study, based on interviews with seven entrepreneurs in established service-oriented ventures. For the purposes of this research, an entrepreneur was defined as a person who has created something of value and assumed the risk of establishing and managing a business around it. Each of the participating entrepreneurs was asked to describe their business, any dilemmas they've experienced, how they were handled, and what challenges they experience as an entrepreneur in South Africa today. This paper focuses on how entrepreneurs in South Africa view the challenges facing them. These include overcoming the legacies of apartheid, containing crime, fostering an acceptable business ethic, dealing with diversity, and facilitating reconciliation between ethnic groups.     

Testing the Martingale Difference Hypothesis (MDH) with Structural Breaks: Evidence from Foreign Exchanges of Nigeria and South Africa

ABSTRACT

This study tests for MDH in two prominent foreign exchange (FX) markets in Africa, Nigeria and South Africa using three benchmark currencies (euro, dollar and pound sterling). Data utilized cover time series closing rate data set of five-day weekly frequency spanning December 14, 2001 to September 26, 2014. The study considers both the linear and nonlinear measures for MDH with better size and power properties. We also capture structural break endogenously from the data stream using Perron (2006) unit root test with structural break. Three striking findings are discernible from our analyses. First, on average, the South African FX market appears to be more efficient than the Nigerian FX market. Thus, the latter may be more susceptible to speculations than the former. Second, ignoring significant structural breaks may render statistical inferences invalid. Third, the choice of methodology does matter when testing for MDH of foreign exchanges in Africa.     

汽车产业经济的供应链研究分析

汽车产业经济成为继信息技术产业之后受到模块化深刻影响的产业部门,模块化供应链的生产方式对它的发展有着举足轻重的影响。本文介绍了在欧洲和日本所产生的两种模块化生产方式,并讲述了在这两种模块化生产方式影响下模块供应链的类型,以此为基础,研究得出模块化是推动汽车产业经济生产组织方式变革的根本原因,最后分析了模块化对我国汽车业所带来的影响。     

产业内贸易及其在我国的实践

20世纪80年代中期以来，在世界制成品贸易中，产业内贸易逐步取得主导地位。本文概述了世界制造业产业内贸易的国家特征和产业特征，指出了制造业产业内贸易的福利效应，实证分析了我国制造业产业内贸易的现状和特点，预测了我国制造业产业内贸易的发展方向。     

中国汽车产业投入要素贡献度研究

文章利用2002～2006年的部分中国汽车企业集团的数据,通过建立相应的面板数据模型,分析汽车产业各投入要素对我国汽车产业产出的影响.结果表明,我国汽车产业以劳动密集型为主,研发投入及相关政策扶持其发展起一定作用.相对而言,人力资本因素影响较小.在此实证研究基础上,作者给出了发展中国汽车产业的相关政策建议.     

我国汽车产业组织结构调整与规模经济

世界汽车产业的发展是伴随着企业规模的不断扩张与生产的不断集中过程。我国汽车产业组织结构调整的出发点也是基于追求规模经济的原理。然而获得规模经济单纯通过扩大企业的组织规模与生产规模是无法实现的,优化生产和经营的规模是企业成长有效途径。     

基于CSCP范式的中国汽车产业产业组织模式研究

摘要:在哈佛学派的SCP分析范式的基础上,提出了CSCP(产业特征-市场结构-市场行为-市场绩效)分析范式,运用CSCP分析范式对中国汽车产业进行产业组织模式研究,并对产业绩效的主要指标利润率进行回归分析,提出了优化中国汽车产业产业组织的途径。     

行业标准与中国机械行业进出口贸易——基于1985-2005年数据的协整分析和Granger因果检验

本文首次整理了1985-2005年的机械行业标准,并利用协整分析技术和误差修正模型分析了1985-2005年机械行业标准对中国机械行业进出口贸易的影响,并基于误差修正模型分析中国机械行业的国家标准与中国机械行业进出口贸易的因果关系,证明行业标准增量是进出口贸易增额的格兰杰原因。     

Institutions and the location strategies of South African firms in Africa

This study explores the influence of institutions on the location strategies of firms in Africa. Specifically, the research examines the effect of governance infrastructure, a country's overall public institutions and policies, on the expansion strategies of three South African firms as they entered selected African countries between 1996 and 2015. These firms include SABMiller, MTN, and Massmart. The study makes use of structured interviews with senior directors of the three firms, mini case studies, and the World Bank's Worldwide Global Governance Indicators, in an effort to understand the impact of institutions, or lack thereof, on these companies’ location choices. Results suggest that by and large, the quality of formal institutions did not have a direct effect on the location decisions of the three firms in this study, and that these firms found ways to mitigate the so‐called institutional voids.     

论我国汽车行业经营演变与市场营销策略

企业经营哲学是企业经营活动的指导思想,是企业奉行的市场营销观念,对企业的营销活动起着一种导向作用。随着经济的全球化,知识化,服务业的产业化,我国汽车行业的经营哲学发生了变化,它的经营也经历了一系列演变。但市场营销还存在着以产品为导向的市场营销近视症现象。     

我国钢铁业产业内贸易的实证研究

文章从整体和分类两个层面上对我国钢产量居世界第一以来的钢铁业产业内贸易的水平和结构进行了实证研究。结果表明,我国钢铁业产业内贸易水平较低,贸易变动主要由产业间贸易引起;而且钢铁业的垂直型产业内贸易水平较低,产业内贸易以水平型产业内贸易为主。我国为此应该采取相关对策,促进钢铁业产业内贸易的发展。