国债供求因素对利率期限结构的影响——基于中国数据的研究

近年来,在欧美国家实施非常规货币政策与政府高赤字债务危机的双重背景下,国债供求因素对利率期限结构的影响问题引起理论界的广泛关注。本文利用中国银行间国债市场数据对含有国债供求因素的优先偏好利率期限结构模型进行实证检验,结果显示,我国国债利率期限结构对国债供给的变化并不敏感;而反映国债需求的变量不仅与各关键期限国债利率明显负相关,而且对利率期限结构的水平因子、斜率因子和曲度因子也有一定程度的负向影响。     

基于单因子利率期限结构模型的中国银行间短期利率行为的实证研究

文章采用高斯估计方法,使用中国银行间债券市场国债短期利率数据,对单因子连续时间利率期限结构模型进行了参数估计,实证结果显示我国银行间国债市场的短期利率具有均值恢复特性。和其它模型相比,BS模型在数据拟合方面表现较好。     

基于CIR模型的银行间国债市场利率期限结构解析

随着债券市场的不断发展和利率市场化改革,我国要形成具有代表性的市场基准利率是关键所在。而目前我国对这方面的研究比较欠缺,因此本文将利用国外成熟的动态利率期限结构模型(CIR模型)来研究我国银行间国债市场的利率期限结构。本文采用极大似然估计法,并通过Matlab优化工具箱以及合成数据模型,利用银行间国债市场数据对CIR模型进行了参数估计。在此基础上,通过Matlab程序拟合得出我国银行间国债市场的利率期限结构,最后将其应用到我国银行间固定利率国债定价上。     

上交所利率期限结构的变动因素分析

本文通过时我周上交所国债市场利率期限结构变化的分析,得到了影响我国国债市场利率曲线变化的三个最主要的因子,即水平度、倾斜度和曲度,并讨论了几个因子变化的意义,给债券利率风险管理提供了重要的参考价值.     

随机利率的三因子模型及其参数估计

本文在分析利率期限结构模型的基础上,将影响短期利率行为特征的均值回复、随机波动和跳跃因素同时考虑到利率期限结构模型的构建中,建立了三因子模型.并且对模型参敷进行了有效矩估计,比较几个同类模型,结果表明三因子模型对我国国债回购利率具有较好的拟合能力.     

美国货币政策对我国长期债券利率期限结构的传导效应

本文首先对利率期限结构的理论和形状做了一个简要的概述,并对宏观经济政策对利率期限结构的影响做了一个简单的分析。选取美国量化宽松货币政策期间的四个指标,采用NS模型对于我国利率期限结构进行准确的衡量,并运用向量自回归(VAR)方法实证分析美国货币政策对我国利率期限结构的宏观传导效应,结论表明,量化宽松期间,美国货币政策主要影响了我国长期固定收益国债的短期因子和中期因子,对短期因子有显著的向上的冲击,对中期因子有显著的向下的冲击。其中美元M2对利率曲线的影响程度最大,影响时间最长。     

中国利率期限结构实证研究——基于Nelsen-Siegel-Svensson扩展模型方法的研究

利率期限结构是资产定价、金融产品设计、风险管理及套期保值的基础。本文运用Nelsen-Siegel-Svensson扩展模型,以2016年1月27日上海证券交易所的国债收盘价数据为准,实现了实证分析,并取得了较好的预期效果:一是发现NSS模型能够兼顾国债市场短期、中期、长期利率的基本变化趋势;二是运用NSS模型拟合的利率期限结构对债券定价精确性高,可作为金融产品定价的基准工具。     

宏观经济变量预测利率期限结构变动的探讨

本文实证分析了1999年1月至2008年2月上交所国债市场利率期限结构的变动.发现前期利率期限结构所隐含的信息无法对未来3个月利率期限结构的变动做出有效预测,在加入宏观经济变量后,对利率变动的解释度显著增强.消费者物价指数和狭义货币供应量具有明显的预测能力,而工业增加值则不具有预测能力,表明国债市场受实际产出的影响较小.     

利率期限结构实证分析

本文首先介绍了利率期限结构的相关理论;再利用bloomberg.com上获得的六月四日美国国债数据计算出国债利率期限结构,并将该期限结构与国内的利率期限结构作对比。     

利率期限结构实证分析

本文首先介绍了利率期限结构的相关理论;再利用bloomberg.com上获得的六月四日美国国债数据计算出国债利率期限结构,并将该期限结构与国内的利率期限结构作对比。     

The Chinese interbank repo market: An analysis of term premiums

Because of the lack of short‐term government bonds, the interbank repo market in China has been providing the best information about market‐driven short‐term interest rates since its inception. This article examines the behavior of the repo rates of various terms and their term premiums. The work in this article supplements the study by F. Longstaff (2000), which reports supportive evidence for the pure expectations hypothesis over the short range of the term structure with the use of repo data from the United States. It is found that the pure expectations hypothesis is statistically rejected, although the term premiums are economically small. It is shown that the short‐term repo rate, repo rate volatility, repo market liquidity, and repo rate spreads are all important in determining the term premiums. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 26:153–167, 2006     

RATING BASED LÉVY LIBOR MODEL

In this paper, we consider modeling of credit risk within the Libor market models. We extend the classical definition of the default‐free forward Libor rate and develop the rating based Libor market model to cover defaultable bonds with credit ratings. As driving processes for the dynamics of the default‐free and the predefault term structure of Libor rates, time‐inhomogeneous Lévy processes are used. Credit migration is modeled by a conditional Markov chain, whose properties are preserved under different forward Libor measures. Conditions for absence of arbitrage in the model are derived and valuation formulae for some common credit derivatives in this setup are presented.     

A two‐mean reverting‐factor model of the term structure of interest rates

This article presents a two‐factor model of the term structure of interest rates. It is assumed that default‐free discount bond prices are determined by the time to maturity and two factors, the long‐term interest rate, and the spread (i.e., the difference) between the short‐term (instantaneous) risk‐free rate of interest and the long‐term rate. Assuming that both factors follow a joint Ornstein‐Uhlenbeck process, a general bond pricing equation is derived. Closed‐form expressions for prices of bonds and interest rate derivatives are obtained. The analytical formula for derivatives is applied to price European options on discount bonds and more complex types of options. Finally, empirical evidence of the model's performance in comparison with an alternative two‐factor (Vasicek‐CIR) model is presented. The findings show that both models exhibit a similar behavior for the shortest maturities. However, importantly, the results demonstrate that modeling the volatility in the long‐term rate process can help to fit the observed data, and can improve the prediction of the future movements in medium‐ and long‐term interest rates. So it is not so clear which is the best model to be used. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 23: 1075–1105, 2003     

LIFTING QUADRATIC TERM STRUCTURE MODELS TO INFINITE DIMENSION

We introduce an infinite dimensional generalization of quadratic term structure models of interest rates, aiming that the lift will give us a deeper understanding of the classical models. We show that it preserves some of the favorable properties of the classical quadratic models.     

PRICING COUPON-BOND OPTIONS AND SWAPTIONS IN AFFINE TERM STRUCTURE MODELS

This paper provides a numerically accurate and computationally fast approximation to the prices of European options on coupon-bearing instruments that is applicable to the entire family of affine term structure models. Exploiting the typical shapes of the conditional distributions of the risk factors in affine diffusions, we show that one can reliably compute the relevant probabilities needed for pricing options on coupon-bearing instruments by the same Fourier inversion methods used in the pricing of options on zero-coupon bonds. We apply our theoretical results to the pricing of options on coupon bonds and swaptions, and the calculation of "expected exposures" on swap books. As an empirical illustration, we compute the expected exposures implied by several affine term structure models fit to historical swap yields.     

Monetary policy and long‐term interest rates: Evidence from the U.S. economy

This paper addresses the ability of central banks to affect the structure of interest rates. We assess the causal relationship between the short‐term Effective Federal Funds Rate (FF) and long‐term interest rates associated with both public and private bonds and specifically, the 10‐Year Treasury Bond (GB10Y) and the Moody's Aaa Corporate Bond (AAA). To do this, we apply Structural Vector Autoregressive models to U.S. monthly data for the 1954–2018 period. Based on results derived from impulse response functions and forecast error variance decomposition, we find: a bidirectional relationship when GB10Y is considered as the long‐term rate and a unidirectional relationship that moves from short‐ to long‐term interest rates when AAA is considered. These conclusions show that monetary policy is able to permanently affect long‐term interest rates and the central bank has a certain degree of freedom in setting the levels of the short‐term policy rate.     

连续时间利率期限结构的无套利模型

由于利率期限结构的均衡模型不能与观察到的期限结构想吻合,提出两种无套利利率期限结构模型———校准模型和HJM模型,试图解释利率期限结构的动态过程。无套利模型中假设经济中无套利机会存在,利用金融经济学第一基本定理,推导利率期限结构的动态过程。     

Bond Market Structure in the Presence of Marked Point Processes

We investigate the term structure of zero coupon bonds when interest rates are driven by a general marked point process as well as by a Wiener process. Developing a theory that allows for measure–valued trading portfolios, we study existence and uniqueness of a martingale measure. We also study completeness and its relation to the uniqueness of a martingale measure. For the case of a finite jump spectrum we give a fairly general completeness result and for a Wiener–Poisson model we prove the existence of a time–independent set of basic bonds. We also give sufficient conditions for the existence of an affine term structure.     

PRICING SWAPTIONS AND COUPON BOND OPTIONS IN AFFINE TERM STRUCTURE MODELS

We propose an approach to find an approximate price of a swaption in affine term structure models. Our approach is based on the derivation of approximate swap rate dynamics in which the volatility of the forward swap rate is itself an affine function of the factors. Hence, we remain in the affine framework and well-known results on transforms and transform inversion can be used to obtain swaption prices in similar fashion to zero bond options (i.e., caplets). The method can easily be generalized to price options on coupon bonds. Computational times compare favorably with other approximation methods. Numerical results on the quality of the approximation are excellent. Our results show that in affine models, analogously to the LIBOR market model, LIBOR and swap rates are driven by approximately the same type of (in this case affine) dynamics.     

Black's Model of Interest Rates as Options, Eigenfunction Expansions and Japanese Interest Rates

Black's (1995) model of interest rates as options assumes that there is a shadow instantaneous interest rate that can become negative, while the nominal instantaneous interest rate is a positive part of the shadow rate due to the option to convert to currency. As a result of this currency option, all term rates are strictly positive. A similar model was independently discussed by Rogers (1995) . When the shadow rate is modeled as a diffusion, we interpret the zero-coupon bond as a Laplace transform of the area functional of the underlying shadow rate diffusion (evaluated at the unit value of the transform parameter). Using the method of eigenfunction expansions, we derive analytical solutions for zero-coupon bonds and bond options under the Vasicek and shifted CIR processes for the shadow rate. This class of models can be used to model low interest rate regimes. As an illustration, we calibrate the model with the Vasicek shadow rate to the Japanese Government Bond data and show that the model provides an excellent fit to the Japanese term structure. The current implied value of the instantaneous shadow rate in Japan is negative.