展会成功的标志

60％以上的人认为，展会成功的标志主要是专业观众质量和实际效果。这与蒙哥玛利展览集团主席蒙哥玛利先生在接受媒体采访时所说的观点不谋而合。他说：“组展成功的关键在于专业观众的质量。你的品牌和观众的质量是成正比的。要维护好与参展商的关系，你必须确保专业观众的质量。”     

从操作实务角度认识进口原油工作的规律

中东地区和非洲已成为我国企业进口原油的选择地区,为适应市场,企业应根据石油资源情况装置进行一定的改造。文章详细介绍了进口原油的运作,加工的经济评估和风险管理。     

国内ABS树脂市场分析

国内ＡＢＳ生产能力２０００年可达６０万,ｔ以上,总量缺口减少,结构性矛盾突出,年进口量保持在１００万ｔ左右,目前国和通用牌号价格低于制造成本,新产品开发滞后,缺乏特殊牌号,建议形成整体竞争优势,遏制低价倾销。     

THE DYNAMICS OF THE LIABILITY OF FOREIGNNESS: A GLOBAL STUDY OF SURVIVAL IN FINANCIAL SERVICES

We study the impact of ‘foreignness’ on survival in interbank currency trading worldwide over the period 1974–93. In particular, we develop hypotheses on the behavior of the liability of foreignness over time, and on the consequences of evolving sources of firm-level competitive advantage on this liability. We test these hypotheses on the population of 2667 market-making trading rooms located in 47 countries worldwide that either existed in 1974 or entered the industry between 1974 and 1993. The results show that there is a liability of foreignness, and that it changes over time. Further, strategic and organizational factors such as the adoption of technology by these firms and their mode of internal control significantly influenced survival, as did location-related factors such as the intensity of local and foreign competition. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

ABSTRACTS OF SELECTED

Impact of the Ukrainian and Central Asia oil and crisis on China, Russia gas cooperation
By LU Yan＆ QIU Jinzi, China National Oil and Gas Exploration and Development Corporation
As the Ukrainian crisis continues simmering, Russia, the United States, Europe and other Western countries remain locked in a fierce rivalry, dramatically changing Eurasian geopolitics and the global energy map. A series of great game chain reactions caused by the crisis in the Ukraine have had a definite impact on Russia, China and Central Asian country energy cooperation. In response to the offensive on the Western front Russia is, on the one hand, speeding up the pace of its ＂Look East＂ strategy, achieving a major breakthrough in Sino-Russian gas cooperation. But there should be a clear understanding that Russia won＇t put all its hopes and interests into a single country, that is ＂Look East＂ does not mean ＂China-Centric＂. On the other hand, Russia is using its traditional political and regional advantages to quietly infiltrate Central Asian countries＇ energy, financial, machinery manufacturing, military and other industries, to enhance its influence on the five Central Asian countries＇ economies, in order to preempt the European energy strategy in Central Asia. Europe＇s and Russia＇s intense great- game rivalry over Asia, as an alternative supplier （Central Asia） or as an alternative customer （China）, has squeezed China＇s strategic space. But as the centrifugal force between Central Asian countries and Russia strengthens, and they firmly pursue primarily balanced diplomatic and energy-cooperation strategies, China must become an important pole in those strategies. China should re-assess the strategic position of Central Asia--Russia and increasing investment in resources; the overall weight to give Central Asia and Russia-China energy strategy, while at the same time taking into account the rest of the Asia-Pacific consumer area; and how close attention to pay to the state of Central Asia--Russia po     

ABSTRACTS OF SELECTED

The Ukraine crisis pitting Russia against the Western powers and Japan is the post-Cold War＇s most serious geostrategic confrontation, involving not only multiple major powers, but also their core interests and the basic norms of international relations. The US is the main driver of the crisis, intending not only to curb Russia＇s rise, but also to tighten the Atlantic alliance and contain any European powers who are outside the US strategic orbit. The Ukraine crisis has caused major adjustment in Russia＇s diplomatic strategy of always tending to protect and guard against further Westernization, namely to turn economic cooperation Eastward. Sanctions and counter- sanctions are a double-edged sword： the result can only be that Russia and the EU will both suffer equally. The Chinese government＇s stance is to uphold the principles of objectivity and impartiality over the problems underlying the Ukraine crisis. The Ukraine crisis involves an atypical energy game that may cause major adjustment to global oil and gas markets, production, and financial arrangements.     

A RENT EXTRACTION THEORY OF RIGHT OF FIRST REFUSAL*

When a seller encumbers a property with a right of first refusal, whenever a third party offers to purchase the property, the right‐holder can acquire the property by simply matching the third party's offer. I model the right as a modified auction where the right‐holder gets to observe the third party's bid before making his own. I show that, compared to the standard auctions, the right increases the joint profit of the seller and the right‐holder by reducing the third party's profit. This result is independent of whether the third party is aware of the right's existence and whether the right creates a welfare loss.