以提高国际竞争力为核心 努力建设国际化城市

一、深圳为什么要建设国际化城市。1．从国际方面看，建设国际化城市，是提高国际竞争力和世界城市发展的潮流     

High‐technology clusters and infrastructure development: international and South African experiences

The factors that have encouraged the emergence and clustering of high‐technology activities are investigated in the international and South African experience. This article focuses specifically on the significance of improved transport and telecommunication facilities for the development of high‐technology manufacturing. In line with international patterns, high‐technology manufacturing in South Africa is strongly agglomerated in the Pretoria‐Witwatersrand region. Central to the historical establishment of this cluster were the infrastructural advantages of Gauteng. Strengthening of the Gauteng cluster is linked to agglomeration economies deriving from the spatial concentration of both high‐technology production and non‐producer enterprises. Two distinct subclusters are identified: in Midrand and in the East Rand     

乐山国际旅游城市发展方向研究

正确确定国际旅游城市的发展方向,对于充分利用城市资源、促进城市与旅游的协调发展意义重大,作为国内外游客主要旅游目的地之一的乐山市更应如此。本文分析了决定乐山国际旅游城市发展方向的旅游主体吸引物、区位条件、城市经济与文化背景等主要影响因素,遵循现状与发展相结合、突出特色、国际化原则,提出了乐山国际旅游发展方向为以世界遗产旅游、山水文化体验旅游为依托的,观光与休闲并举的区域性国际风景旅游城市。     

Contributing to the African Renaissance vision: The role of South African higher education institutions

President Mbeki is emphasising the vision of an African Renaissance in many of his public addresses. Many multifaceted inputs are required to realise this vision, and human resources development is one of the cornerstones of this ideal. South African higher education institutions could play a major role in this quest by sharing their expertise to upgrade the scientific, economic and educational competencies of all people in Africa. Data analysis shows considerable potential for attracting students from Africa, especially from the Southern African Development Community, to study at South African institutions. Current initiatives for facilitating intellectual mobility across the country's borders lack vision, however. Academic exchange programmes in other countries could serve as models to kick-start the contributions of higher education institutions in South Africa in realising Mr Mbeki's vision for an African Renaissance.     

链接1：义乌国际商贸城

义乌国际商贸城是义乌市面向21世纪实施的市场国际化战略扩张的龙头工程。义乌国际商贸城建设共分三期：义乌国际商贸城一期义乌国际商贸城一期市场坐落于义乌繁华的稠州路上,东侧为义乌海关办事处,北连国际商贸城二期工程,毗邻梅湖会展中心、国际物流中心、江东联托运市场、篁园市场、宾王市场,投资6亿多元,于2002年9月28日建成并投入使用。该工程占地420亩、建筑面积34万平方米,市场内设中央空调、大型电子信息屏、     

深圳建设国际化城市的创新思路

在深圳市委举行的三届八次全体(扩大)会议上，提出用20年左右的时间，在率先基本实现社会主义现代化的基础上，把深圳建设成为重要的区域性国际化城市。可以说，无论对于深圳经济特区的发展还是对于我国改革开放进程来说，这都是具有深远影响的事件。从深圳自身发展角度来看，国际化目标的提出，未来深圳将更充分地利用国际国内两种资源，开拓国际国内两个市     

The South African Financial Cycle and its Relation to Household Deleveraging

This paper considers the extent to which South African households have deleveraged, since the global financial crisis of 2007/2008. We extend the official South African Reserve Bank business cycle methodology to date financial cycles, from which we identify the peaks and troughs of the South African financial cycle going back to 1966. Our composite financial cycle index peaks in April 1974, January 1984 and May 2007; it has bottomed out in July 1979 and February 1999. Thus, we still await the trough. We further compare and contrast the deleveraging process in the current downward phase to the experiences from previous financial cycles. We find that the average period of the financial cycle in South Africa is much longer (approximately 17.3 years) than that of the business cycle (approximately 5.8 years), and that deleveraging has not yet matched the degree of deleveraging seen in previous downward phases. Our results suggest that further deleveraging is necessary, before we can expect to turn the financial corner.     

Capital Flows: The South African Experience

There has been a significant rise in the empirical work distinguishing between episodes of sharp slowdowns and surges in capital inflows. Much of this analysis has centred on gaining a better understanding of the cyclical behaviour of capital flows. This paper continues in this vein by identifying capital flow episodes for South Africa and analyses the nature and main drivers of cross‐border flows during these episodes. This paper makes two major contributions to the empirical work on South African capital flows. First, specific attention is given to some pertinent measurement issues in the identification of capital flow episodes for South Africa. The post capital account liberalisation period (post‐1995‐period) is delineated into a “normal” period (when capital inflows were close to historical averages) and an “abnormal” period (when capital inflows deviated significantly from the historical average). Second, the paper identifies some defining characteristics during these two periods. In this regard, the behaviour of domestic and foreign agents as drivers of capital flows and the probability of capital flow reversals across asset classes are given particular attention. Although these issues have significant policy implications, they have, to date, been given limited attention in the empirical work on South African capital flows.     

深圳建设国际化城市的内涵

一、国际化城市的类型 国际化城市是具有较大的国际性人流、物流、资金流的城市.根据国际城市的标准及分类,大体上有3种类型: 第一种是一个大国的首都,同时又是国际金融、贸易、产业等中心,如伦敦、东京、华盛顿.华盛顿是世界上重要的政治、经济和金融中心之一,是美国与世界各国沟通的"中转站",世界200多个国家或地区都在华盛顿设立使馆和办事处,华盛顿还是众多跨国公司总部所在地、国际性机构的集中地、世界交通枢纽之一.在本国区域内,它也是重要的区域中心.华盛顿是美国东部的金融重镇,是美国沿海经济发展的龙头之一,是美国技术、资金、人才流动的重要区域之一.作为首都,华盛顿聚集了全国的政治、文化精英而成为美国的政治、文化中心.华盛顿是世界人种的"橱窗",汇聚了各国英才.