The relationship of the GDR to the World Bank Group

In the World Bank’s last annual report the Federal Republic of Germany was described as a leading member of the World Bank Group (IBRD, IFC and IDA). The Federal Republic has subscribed about $ 1.4 bn to the capital of the World Bank and to date contributed $ 1.1 bn to IDA. The second German state, the German Democratic Republic (GDR), on the other hand, is taking a negative attitude to the World Bank Group. Why does it do so?     

The Promising Stone Group Company

Arenowned non-governmental high-tech enterprise in China,Stone Group is an important force in the electronic informationindustry.Stone was born in May 1984 in Zhongguancun where the world high-techwave converged with the deluge of the Chinese reform. Without the investmentof a single cent from the state, some scientific andtechnological workers resigned from their publicposts to set up the company with a line of credit of20,000 RMB.The company was run under theprinciple of "raising fund by…     

WPP为什么成为全球第一:WPP集团全球并购战略分析

用25年的时间,WPP成为全球最大的广告传播集团。WPP为什么发展如此迅速,支撑着其全球扩张的背后究竟是什么样的战略和战术,而给处在全球化背景下的中国及中国广告业带来了什么样的变化？本文采用文献分析的方法,对WPP的全球并购发展战略进行系统的分析,探讨了WPP在战略指导下并购执行的过程和方式及其成功的原因。     

我国集团化民营企业管控模式初探

从我国民营企业集团的管理困境入手,从结构、流程、制度三方面阐述企业集团的管控体系,旨在指出我国民营企业应如何从企业实际情况为出发点设计合理的企业集团管控体系。     

The Technological Innovation Journey of Hisense Group

This case illustrates key innovations that took place in Hisense Group, one of the leading companies in the electronic appliances industry in China, from 1990s to 2010. Several factors contributed to its leading position, including strategic positioning, consistent technological innovation over decades, and an efficient administrative system. Since 1992, Hisense has paid close attention to technological innovation. It makes it clear that R&D plays a dominant role in competition. Hisense has continuously invested heavily in R&D and restructured its R&D administrative system, including the organizational framework, incentive mechanisms, project management and teamwork. Hisense’s strategy has resulted in major technological innovations. Hiview chip is a technological breakthrough, which helps the company gain competitive advantages.     

Group Identification: The Influence of Group Membership on Retail Hardware Cooperative Members' Perceptions

Due to the increasing popularity of retail cooperatives in hardware retailing, a new competitive dynamic has emerged, a hybrid of intratype/intergroup competition. Individual members of one cooperative group now fight for market share with one or more members of competing cooperative groups, in an effort to attain individual goals, as well as group goals. A model of competition that includes both individual and group conditions was tested. Results of the structural equation model (SEM) show that the data fit the theoretical model well (χ ²= 12.414, 8 df , p= 0.134, NFI = 0.990, NNFI = 0.993, CFI = 0.996). Our results indicate that, for members of cooperative groups, feelings of identification with the cooperative group resulted in increased perceptions of conflict with a rival who was a member of a competing cooperative and that feelings of group identification influenced beliefs about the importance of competitive behaviors relative to that rival.     

房地产集团授信管理模式的探讨

在我国,房地产企业和银行一直处于＂亲密接触＂的状态,倚重贷款维持企业的正常运转,曾几何时,房地产企业从银行获取资金支持并不是件很困难的事情。但是,在目前从紧的货币政策下,房地产企业成为了融资难的＂重灾区＂。宏观调控的加码和贷款渠道的收紧,让房地产开发商们感到了从所未有的融资压力。在国家实行紧缩的金融政策下,总部对总行授信管理模式应具有政策突破优势、成本规模优势、集团管理优势。     

Financial Decisions and Financial Capabilities in the Andean Region

This paper analyzes the importance of numerical abilities, conscientiousness, and financial literacy for individuals' financial decision making and participation in formal financial markets. Our analysis is based on the Financial Capabilities Survey, which was applied in four countries of the Andean Region: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. The empirical analysis underlines the centrality of numerical abilities, different subfacets of conscientiousness (propensity to plan, perseverance, and scrupulosity), and financial literacy in developing a propensity to save and borrow, and in participating in the formal financial sector.     

Analyzing Group Data in MIS Research: Including the Effect of the Group

A review of recent group experimental research in three major MIS research journals indicates a lack of understanding of how to analyze group data measured at the individual level. This paper draws on statistical analysis literature from various disciplines to explain why current analysis of group data in MIS research is often incorrect and demonstrates how to analyze such data correctly.     

企业集团文化建设的模武

根据企业集团的实际情况,灵活采用文化移植、文化融合、文化培植和文化分离等模式,实现企业文化建设的模式创新.     

企业集团薪酬体系的构建

在对企业集团及其典型组织结构界定的基础上,结合现有研究成果试从实施目标原则可变激励计划、以组织结构为基础的分层决定薪酬制度以及非经济性薪酬等三个方面构建企业集团的薪酬体系,以期为我国的企业集团更好的激励员工,获得竞争优势并保持竞争优势提供可参考依据。     

Group Consensus: The Impact of Multiple Dialogues

The research results on group consensus have been ambiguous within the field of Group Support Systems (GSSs). Some research studies have shown that groups using multiple communication channels produce more ideas, and more unique ideas than groups using a single communication channel. In addition, a second set of research findings have shown that groups using GSSs report group members hold less consensus with the group's decision. This research studies more closely how these two characteristics; communication channel and consensus, interact. Specifically, can less consensus be a function of the choice of channels used in problem solving. The results show that groups using a single communication channel generate more actual consensus than groups using multiple communication channels. Furthermore, the single channel discussions provide more integrative comments and these integrative comments may help explain the difference in consensus. These results suggest that those striving for consensus from group members should consider production methods used to create the information that is to be used in the decision.     

O2O团购运营模式发展研究

在网络经济时代下,团购行为越来越普遍。目前,O2O团购的运营模式包括单向流动模式、闭环双向流动模式、引入第三方的O2O模式。为帮助团购服务商了解O2O团购运营模式的发展趋势,以更好地进行营销活动,这三种模式未来需要从四个方面进行进一步地深入研究:商家采取团购模式需要考虑团购产品线上差异化及线下可持续盈利问题;商家如何实现灵活化消费以解决"线上信息与线下服务不匹配"问题;O2O平台的监管作用及处罚机制的搭建问题;第三方服务商要实现安全快捷灵活的功能性虚拟渗透以解决多角对接的通畅性问题。     

远东集团营销管理策略探究

<正>市场营销是个人或组织通过创造并同他人或组织交换产品和价值以获得所需所欲之物的一种社会活动过程。从19世纪末到现在,随着科技的发展、买方市场     

The Secretary Problem Revisited - The Group Decision-Making Perspective

We consider a decision situation where there is an initial set of alternatives that may be augmented, a variant of the problem known in the literature as the "secretary problem". We focus the discussion on the special case of group decision-making, where a group or committee is charged with the responsibility of negotiating the decision. We investigate situations of explicitly stated (multiple) criteria and the simpler situation of no such stated criteria. The former case includes the congenial, the mixed, and the uncongenial cases, where the individuals agree on the direction of all, some, or none of the criteria, respectively. We offer a framework within which a group of individuals can be supported in such a decision process. In the case of explicit criteria, we provide the decision-makers with probability information of the likelihood of finding more preferred alternatives provided the initial set of alternatives is expanded. The framework is tested using a simulated real-world choice situation.     

杉杉集团与法拉奥集团的比较与启示

我国服装业怎样与国际接轨 ,怎样应对国外同行的竞争 ?是整个服装行业的共同课题。通过对宁波服装业代表杉杉集团与意大利法拉奥集团的简要比较 ,我们可以发现国际服装业的发展规律 ,为宁波服装业调整产业结构和产品结构提供一些依据和方向