审计师声誉机制研究：基于会计师事务所合并的视角

基于中国弱法律风险环境,从会计师事务所合并提升审计师声誉的视角检验审计师的声誉效应。研究结果表明,我国资本市场普通投资者已经关注审计师声誉,会计师事务所合并在公司股价上得到了正面反应。在具体合并形式上,总部设在非北京地区的会计师事务所间合并以及合并一方为非国内“十大”所的,更能得到市场认同。但没有发现会计师事务所合并能显著提高审计收费。     

注册会计师强制轮换制度及规避行为研究

注册会计师强制轮换制度是保证注册会计师审计独立性、提高审计质量的一项重要的制度安排,但现实中存在的规避行为使得该项制度的效果大打折扣。基于近年资本市场审计失败的上市公司案例进行分析,发现主要的规避行为是换所不换人。这种规避行为存在的主要原因除了注册会计师面临的市场压力,还与监管不当和地方政府存在的以IPO成功为条件的对会计师事务所的奖励政策有关。在此分析基础上,提出相应的政策建议。     

会计师事务所内部治理、产权性质与审计质量——基于我国A股上市公司2008-2010年的数据

利用基于问卷调查数据和因子分析方法得出的会计师事务所内部治理水平综合得分,以及我国A股上市公司2008-2010年数据,检验了会计师事务所内部治理水平、企业产权性质和资本市场审计质量之间的相关性。研究发现,会计师事务所内部治理水平越高,其审计的上市公司异常应计项目的绝对值越低,审计质量越高。进一步研究发现,这一效应会因审计客户的国有企业性质而弱化。研究表明,会计师事务所内部治理是资本市场审计质量的重要影响因素,政府主管部门和行业自律组织鼓励和促进会计师事务所完善内部治理的政策能够在一定程度上提高资本市场的审计质量。     

会计师事务所内部治理机制研究——基于立信会计师事务所的治理实践

加强会计师事务所内部治理机制建设是提高会计信息质量和注册会计师审计质量的重要保证,是促进资本市场健康稳定发展、维护社会公众利益的重要举措,是实施会计行业国际化发展战略的重要基础工程。本文全面阐述了立信会计师事务所转制为特殊普通合伙后的内部治理实践,以期为完善我国会计师事务所的内部治理机制提供经验借鉴和政策建议。     

上市公司与审计师“共进退”——审计师掌握事务所客户资源控制权的经济后果分析

随着我国上市公司数量不断增加,会计师事务所及审计师的变更现象也越来越多,并出现了上市公司随签字注册会计师跳槽而更换事务所的"共进退"行为。这种行为是我国审计市场供求失衡的产物,有可能导致上市公司审计质量下降、财务报告质量下降等不良影响。因此,建议从市场环境、政策监管及公司内部等层面,加强审计行业的规范化管理。     

论公司上市即换审计师的必要性

<正>公司上市后业绩变脸的案例层出不穷，一个重要原因是审计师强制轮换政策存在缺陷。现行政策是公司上市2年后签字会计师轮换，但会计师事务所不需要轮换，这为企业与审计师合谋进行盈余操纵提供了机会。现有文献表明，我国审计师强制轮换政策的实施效果并不理想，不能有效遏制上市公司的盈余操纵行为。有必要规定公司上市后签字会计师与会计师事务所立即同时轮换并辅之以10年冷却期，以切断上市公司与审计师的利益连结，增强审计师的独立性。     

中央企业更换会计师事务所的调查及建议

调查显示,与注册会计师轮换不同,注册会计师事务所轮换较为彻底,但事务所轮换也带来了较高的审计成本。为提高事务所轮换的效果应改进中央企业事务所聘任模式;加强对形式上轮换而实质上没有轮换的上市公司聘任事务所工作的检查;担任其他类型审计的事务所也应纳入轮换范畴;协调好各部门相关规定的关系。     

新时期会计师事务所提升审计质量的途径探讨

近年来,我国市场经济蓬勃发展,资本市场日益繁荣,上市公司的数量稳步上升。作为资本市场的“看门人”,会计师事务所承担的责任愈发重要,审计质量作为会计师事务所的核心价值,越来越受到社会大众的广泛关注。会计师事务所只有不断提高审计质量,才能真正发挥自身的价值,为经济发展提供客观公正的环境,促进经济社会健康、有序发展。本文通过探讨和分析会计师事务所目前存在的影响审计质量的问题,提出了会计师事务所进一步提升审计质量的途径,希望能够帮助会计师事务所提高审计工作水平,真正地发挥出自身的价值和作用,更好地为社会经济发展做出贡献。     

高管会计师事务所关联损害审计质量吗？--基于国内外研究成果的文献综述

审计师从会计师事务所进入企业担任管理人员的高管会计师事务所关联现象十分普遍。通过文献整理可以看出,虽然研究结果略有争议,但大部分学者认为高管会计师事务所关联会损害审计质量。文章还从审计主体、审计客体和审计环境的角度梳理了当前高管会计师事务所关联的治理措施及效果。基于现有成果,未来研究可从我国制度背景出发,将研究时间窗口前移或以财务特征、公司治理特征等为视角,结合跨学科理论对高管会计师事务所关联作更为全面的分析,为我国该领域的理论研究和政策制定提供参考。     

高管会计师事务所关联损害审计质量吗?——基于国内外研究成果的文献综述

审计师从会计师事务所进入企业担任管理人员的高管会计师事务所关联现象十分普遍。通过文献整理可以看出,虽然研究结果略有争议,但大部分学者认为高管会计师事务所关联会损害审计质量。文章还从审计主体、审计客体和审计环境的角度梳理了当前高管会计师事务所关联的治理措施及效果。基于现有成果,未来研究可从我国制度背景出发,将研究时间窗口前移或以财务特征、公司治理特征等为视角,结合跨学科理论对高管会计师事务所关联作更为全面的分析,为我国该领域的理论研究和政策制定提供参考。     

审计师工作量压力与盈余质量——基于门槛模型的研究

采用2012-2016年我国上市公司及其签字审计师为样本,引入门槛回归模型,实证分析不同事务所组织机制支持下审计师个人工作量压力如何影响审计行为决策及盈余质量。研究结果表明:会计师事务所行业专长存在门槛效应,行业专长水平越高,事务所组织支持力度越大,审计师工作量压力对公司盈余质量的负面影响越小;会计师事务所综合评价存在门槛效应,事务所综合评价水平越低,事务所组织支持力度越小,审计师工作量压力对公司盈余质量的负面影响越大;会计师事务所人力资本存在门槛效应,人力资本质量越高,审计师工作效率越高,审计师工作量压力对公司盈余质量的负面影响越小。     

强制更换会计师事务所对审计质量的影响——对企业更换中天勤等事务所的实证分析

中天勤、沈阳华伦等5家会计师事务所2001年未通过年检被取消执业资格,他们的原有客户不得不改聘其他会计师事务所.该事件为强制更换会计师事务所提供了研究背景.以非正常性应计利润(DA)来衡量审计质量发现,在强制更换会计师事务所以后,这些公司的非正常性应计利润不降反升.进一步分析的结果显示,在正DA组,后任会计师没有调低那些公司的非正常性应计利润;而在负DA组,这些公司的非正常性应计利润在更换会计师以后反而增加了.研究显示,在中国这样一个极度分散的审计市场中,强制更换会计师事务所并没有带来大家预期的效果.     

自愿性审计师变更原因与投资者反应

本文选取2001￣2004年发生自愿性审计师变更的公司作为样本,采用事件研究法考察投资者对审计师变更公告中所披露不同变更原因的反应。研究发现,市场对于不同原因的审计师变更反应存在差异,投资者根据变更原因判定审计师变更为好消息的反应显著大于判定其为坏消息的反应。由此可知,投资者对于披露的变更原因信息具有一定的识别能力,不同类型的审计师变更会影响公司的价值。监管部门强制披露审计师变更原因有助于提高市场有效性。     

Market Implications of the Audit Quality and Auditor Switches: Evidence from China

Independent audits enhance the credibility of corporate financial reports and assist investors to make rational decisions in the capital market. Nonetheless, the utility of the auditing function depends upon the quality of audits, which is determined by the independence and expertise of auditors. Hence, auditor choice and switch will not only affect an audit's quality, but will also influence decisions made by investors and other market participants. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how investors respond to the quality of audits and auditor switches in the Chinese context. Empirical results show that the quality of an audit and switching to a larger auditor have a positive (negative) impact on earnings response coefficients (ERCs) for firms with positive (negative) abnormal earnings. In contrast, switching to a smaller auditor has a negative (positive) impact on ERCs for firms with positive (negative) abnormal earnings. These results suggest that large auditing firms (Top 10) in China are perceived as more effective for curbing income-increased earnings management, which leads to higher (lower) ERCs for clients with positive (negative) abnormal earnings. Firms' switching to a larger auditor may signal high-quality earnings. Therefore, investors more often increase stock prices when firms have positive abnormal earnings and less often depreciate prices for negative abnormal earnings. Similarly, switching to a smaller auditor may signal lower earning quality, resulting in opposite market responses. In general, the empirical evidence suggests that audit information is valued by the capital market in China. Large auditing firms have been able to product-differentiate themselves within the Chinese stock market.     

The Empirical Research on Auditor Independence and Mandatory Auditor Rotation

Using, the method of correlation coefficient, this paper discusses the empirical relationship between audit tenure and audit opinion in annual reports in China A-share market and period of mandatory rotation of auditor. The research finds that the negative correlation between auditor tenure and non-standard unqualified audit opinion is statistically significant, and auditor tenure might impair his/her independence. To enhance auditor independence and improve audit quality, it is necessary to rotate mandatory auditor. The results also fred that consecutive auditing years should not exceed 5 years when the existing auditor has been the auditor of listed company, and mandatory rotation of auditor adapts to the rotation of CPA firms in charge of a client.     

Environmental sustainability engagement of firms: The roles of social capital,resources, and managerial entrepreneurial orientation of small and medium enterprises in Vietnam

How firms in transition economies demonstrate their strategic engagement in sustainable environmental management given their limited resources and capabilities is less understood in the literature. This study explores how small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam, an exemplar of a country in transition from a closed and socialist economy to an open and liberal market, draw on their external social capital to access critical resources that are leveraged by the entrepreneurial orientation or capabilities of the firms' top management towards engagement in business-wide environmentally sustainable practices. Drawing on a database of more than 2000 firms from a large-scale survey of firms in Vietnam, this study tests the relationships between two facets of social capital, environmental management resources and environmental sustainability engagement. This study further contends that managerial entrepreneurial orientation moderates by enhancing the strategic utilisation of resources to enable firms in Vietnam to engage in environmental sustainability. The results offer novel theoretical insights and timely managerial or practical implications as well as promising directions for future research on the resources, strategies and capabilities of firms in transition economies.     

High‐Performance Work Systems in Professional Service Firms: Examining the Practices‐Resources‐Uses‐Performance Linkage

Professional service firms (PSFs) play an important role in the knowledge‐based economy. Their success is highly dependent on their people, the knowledge resources they possess, and how they use these resources. However, how to systematically manage human resources to attain high performance is not fully understood. This study addresses this issue by investigating the linkage mechanisms through which high‐performance work systems (HPWS) influence the performance of PSFs. We integrate resource‐based and dynamic capability theories in order to identify and investigate two intervening mechanisms that link HR practices to firm performance. The first mechanism is the intellectual capital resources comprising the human, social, and organizational capital that HPWS create. The second mechanism is the uses to which both HPWS and resources can be applied, operationalized as organizational ambidexterity, the simultaneous exploitation of existing knowledge and exploration of new knowledge. These mechanisms are hypothesized to link HPWS to firm performance in the form of a practices‐resources‐uses‐performance linkage model. Results from a longitudinal study of 93 accounting firms support this linkage model. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

实际控制人法定代表人身份转出与审计师风险应对——基于民营上市公司的分析

基于中国特色的法定代表人制度,以2006—2021年沪深A股民营上市公司为样本,探究了民营企业实际控制人法定代表人身份转出是否引发审计师的风险应对行为。研究发现,实际控制人转出法定代表人身份的企业,审计师会收取更高的费用。机制检验发现,实际控制人转出法定代表人身份后,公司的关联交易和大股东资金占用显著增多,使得审计师提高审计收费以应对企业风险。进一步分析发现,内部控制质量、非控股大股东、审计委员会独立性以及会计师事务所行业专长负向调节法定代表人身份转出与审计师风险应对行为之间的正相关关系。本研究对资本市场投资者识别民营企业法定代表人身份变动产生的风险变化具有借鉴意义。     

Global Market Segmentation and Patterns in Stock Market Reaction to US Earnings Announcements: Further Evidence

The purpose of this study is to investigate why the information content of US earnings announcements of non‐US firms cross‐listing in the US varies with the degree of capital market segmentation in the cross‐listing firms' countries of domicile. My evidence shows that indirect barriers to investing (i.e., accounting rules and liquidity differences) rather than direct investment barriers (i.e., investment restrictions) mainly account for this difference. After controlling for the level of accounting disclosure in a firm's country of domicile, I do not observe a systematic difference in the size of market's reaction to earnings announcements depending on the degree of market segmentation in the firm's country of domicile. This study contributes to the literature by providing evidence that accounting disclosure plays an important role in the integration of global capital markets.